Designers of signal receiver systems often need to performcascaded chain analysis of system performancefrom the antenna all the way to the ADC. Noise is a criticalparameter in the chain analysis because it limits theoverall sensitivity of the receiver. An application’s noiserequirement has a signifi cant infl uence on the systemtopology, since the choice of topology strives to optimizethe overall signal-to-noise ratio, dynamic range andseveral other parameters. One problem in noise calculationsis translating between the various units used by thecomponents in the chain: namely the RF, IF/baseband,and digital (ADC) sections of the circuit.
上传时间： 2014-12-05
上传用户：cylnpy
This application note is an overview discussion of theLinear Technology SPICE macromodel library. It assumeslittle if any prior knowledge of this software library or itshistory. However, it does assume familiarity with both theanalog simulation program SPICE (or one of its manyderivatives), and modern day op amps, including bipolar,JFET, and MOSFET amplifier technologies
上传时间： 2013-11-14
上传用户：zhanditian
Sensors for pressure, load, temperature, acceleration andmany other physical quantities often take the form of aWheatstone bridge. These sensors can be extremely linearand stable over time and temperature. However, mostthings in nature are only linear if you don’t bend them toomuch. In the case of a load cell, Hooke’s law states that thestrain in a material is proportional to the applied stress—as long as the stress is nowhere near the material’s yieldpoint (the “point of no return” where the material ispermanently deformed).
上传时间： 2013-11-13
上传用户：墙角有棵树
Portable, battery-powered operation of electronic apparatushas become increasingly desirable. Medical, remotedata acquisition, power monitoring and other applicationsare good candidates for battery operation. In some circumstances,due to space, power or reliability considerations,it is preferable to operate the circuitry from a single 1.5Vcell. Unfortunately, a 1.5V supply eliminates almost alllinear ICs as design candidates. In fact, the LM10 opamp-reference and the LT®1017/LT1018 comparators arethe only IC gain blocks fully specifi ed for 1.5V operation.Further complications are presented by the 600mV dropof silicon transistors and diodes. This limitation consumesa substantial portion of available supply range, makingcircuit design diffi cult. Additionally, any circuit designedfor 1.5V operation must function at end-of-life batteryvoltage, typically 1.3V. (See Box Section, “Componentsfor 1.5V Operation.”)
标签： Circuitry Operation Single 1017
上传时间： 2013-12-20
上传用户：Wwill
enter——选取或启动 esc——放弃或取消 f1——启动在线帮助窗口 tab——启动浮动图件的属性窗口 pgup——放大窗口显示比例 pgdn——缩小窗口显示比例 end——刷新屏幕 del——删除点取的元件（1个） ctrl+del——删除选取的元件（2个或2个以上） x+a——取消所有被选取图件的选取状态 x——将浮动图件左右翻转 y——将浮动图件上下翻转 space——将浮动图件旋转90度 crtl+ins——将选取图件复制到编辑区里 shift+ins——将剪贴板里的图件贴到编辑区里 shift+del——将选取图件剪切放入剪贴板里 alt+backspace——恢复前一次的操作 ctrl+backspace——取消前一次的恢复 crtl+g——跳转到指定的位置 crtl+f——寻找指定的文字
上传时间： 2013-12-29
上传用户：13033095779
Finite state machines are widely used in digital circuit designs. Generally, when designing a state machine using an HDL, the synthesis tools will optimize away all states that cannot be reached and generate a highly optimized circuit. Sometimes, however, the optimization is not acceptable. For example, if the circuit powers up in an invalid state, or the circuit is in an extreme working environment and a glitch sends it into an undesired state, the circuit may never get back to its normal operating condition.
标签： Creating Machines Mentor State
上传时间： 2013-10-08
上传用户：wangzhen1990
DAC34H84 是一款由德州仪器（TI）推出的四通道、16 比特、采样1.25GSPS、功耗1.4W 高性能的数模转换器。支持625MSPS 的数据率，可用于宽带与多通道系统的基站收发信机。由于无线通信技术的高速发展与各设备商基站射频拉远单元（RRU/RRH）多种制式平台化的要求，目前收发信机单板支持的发射信号频谱越来越宽，而中频频率一般没有相应提高，所以中频发射DAC 发出中频（IF）信号的二次谐波（HD2）或中频与采样频率Fs 混叠产生的信号（Fs-2*IF）离主信号也越来越近，因此这些非线性杂散越来越难被外部模拟滤波器滤除。这些子进行pcb设计布局，能取得较好的信号完整性效果，可以在pcb打样后，更放心。这些杂散信号会降低发射机的SFDR 性能，优化DAC 输出的二次谐波性能也就变得越来越重要。
上传时间： 2013-10-23
上传用户：lalalal
This document provides practical, common guidelines for incorporating PCI Express interconnect layouts onto Printed Circuit Boards (PCB) ranging from 4-layer desktop baseboard designs to 10- layer or more server baseboard designs. Guidelines and constraints in this document are intended for use on both baseboard and add-in card PCB designs. This includes interconnects between PCI Express devices located on the same baseboard (chip-to-chip routing) and interconnects between a PCI Express device located “down” on the baseboard and a device located “up” on an add-in card attached through a connector. This document is intended to cover all major components of the physical interconnect including design guidelines for the PCB traces, vias and AC coupling capacitors, as well as add-in card edge-finger and connector considerations. The intent of the guidelines and examples is to help ensure that good high-speed signal design practices are used and that the timing/jitter and loss/attenuation budgets can also be met from end-to-end across the PCI Express interconnect. However, while general physical guidelines and suggestions are given, they may not necessarily guarantee adequate performance of the interconnect for all layouts and implementations. Therefore, designers should consider modeling and simulation of the interconnect in order to ensure compliance to all applicable specifications. The document is composed of two main sections. The first section provides an overview of general topology and interconnect guidelines. The second section concentrates on physical layout constraints where bulleted items at the beginning of a topic highlight important constraints, while the narrative that follows offers additional insight.
上传时间： 2013-10-15
上传用户：busterman
Boost LED drivers are often used to drive LEDs in series. If an LED fails while open,overvoltage protection (OVP) is necessary to avoid the damage to a boost integrated circuit (IC) or output capacitor. This application report presents the solutions to increase the TPS61043 LED driver OVP threshold.
标签： Overvoltage Protection Solutions Driver
上传时间： 2013-10-14
上传用户：jiangfire
Abstract: Electrolytic capacitors are notorious for short lifetimes in high-temperature applications such asLED light bulbs. The careful selection of these devices with proper interpretation of their specifications isessential to ensure that they do not compromise the life of the end product. This application notediscusses this problem with electrolytic capacitors in LED light bulbs and provides an analysis that showshow it is possible to use electrolytics in such products.
上传时间： 2013-11-17
上传用户：asdfasdfd
