The concept of smart cities emerged few years ago as a new vision for urban development that aims to integrate multiple information and communication technology (ICT) solutions in a secure fashion to manage a city’s assets. Modern ICT infrastructure and e-services should fuel sustainable growth and quality of life, enabled by a wise and participative management of natural resources to be ensured by citizens and government. The need to build smart cities became a requirement that relies on urban development that should take charge of the new infrastructures for smart cities (broadband infrastructures, wireless sensor networks, Internet-based networked applications, open data and open platforms) and provide various smart services and enablers in various domains including healthcare, energy, education, environmental management, transportation, mobility and public safety.
上传时间： 2020-05-25
上传用户：shancjb
The Internet of Things is considered to be the next big opportunity, and challenge, for the Internet engineering community, users of technology, companies and society as a whole. It involves connecting embedded devices such as sensors, home appliances, weather stations and even toys to Internet Protocol (IP) based networks. The number of IP-enabled embedded devices is increasing rapidly, and although hard to estimate, will surely outnumber the number of personal computers (PCs) and servers in the future. With the advances made over the past decade in microcontroller,low-power radio, battery and microelectronic technology, the trend in the industry is for smart embedded devices (called smart objects) to become IP-enabled, and an integral part of the latest services on the Internet. These services are no longer cyber, just including data created by humans, but are to become very connected to the physical world around us by including sensor data, the monitoring and control of machines, and other kinds of physical context. We call this latest frontier of the Internet, consisting of wireless low-power embedded devices, the Wireless Embedded Internet. Applications that this new frontier of the Internet enable are critical to the sustainability, efficiency and safety of society and include home and building automation, healthcare, energy efficiency, smart grids and environmental monitoring to name just a few.
标签： Embedded Internet Wireless 6LoWPAN The
上传时间： 2020-05-26
上传用户：shancjb
How will future generations refer to our times? Will it be known as one of space exploration, genetics, atomic energy or computing? Possibly, but I think it is more likely to be ‘The age of communications’. Not since printed books and newspapers were first introduced has there been such an explosion of communication. None of this technology could function without modern cables and, just as important, competent installers.
标签： Applications Cabling Copper
上传时间： 2020-05-27
上传用户：shancjb
Engineers are professional inventors, researchers, and developers. Education imbues each engineer with discipline-specific knowledge. Combining the different disciplines allows engineers to solve more complex problems.
标签： energy-Efficient Communication Processors
上传时间： 2020-05-27
上传用户：shancjb
Currently, the information and communications technology (ICT) industry sector accounts for about 2–6% of the energy consumption worldwide, and a significant por- tion of this is contributed by the wireless and mobile communications industry. With the proliferation of wireless data applications, wireless technology continues to increase worldwide at an unprecedented growth rate. This has resulted in an increased number of installed base stations and higher demand on power grids and device power usage, causing an increased carbon footprint worldwide.
标签： Communication Networks Green Radio
上传时间： 2020-05-27
上传用户：shancjb
Thisbookfocusesontheemergingresearchtopic‘green(energy-efficient)wirelessnetworks’ that has drawn huge attention recently from both academia and industry. This topic is highly motivated due to important environmental, financial and quality-of-experience (QoE) consid- erations.Duetosuchconcerns,varioussolutionshavebeenproposedtoenableefficientenergy usage in wireless networks, and these approaches are referred to as green wireless communi- cations and networking. The term ‘green’ emphasizes the environmental dimension of the proposed solutions. Hence, it is not sufficient to present a cost-effective solution unless it is eco-friendly.
标签： Green_Heterogeneous_Wireless_Netw orks
上传时间： 2020-05-27
上传用户：shancjb
In this paper we revisit hybrid analog-digital precoding systems with emphasis on their modelling and radio-frequency (RF) losses, to realistically evaluate their benefits in 5G system implementations. For this, we decompose the analog beamforming networks (ABFN) as a bank of commonly used RF components and formulate realistic model constraints based on their S-parameters. Specifically, we concentrate on fully-connected ABFN (FC-ABFN) and Butler networks for implementing the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) in the RF domain. The results presented in this paper reveal that the performance and energy efficiency of hybrid precoding systems are severely affected, once practical factors are considered in the overall design. In this context, we also show that Butler RF networks are capable of providing better performances than FC-ABFN for systems with a large number of RF chains.
标签： Analog-Digital Precoding Hybrid
上传时间： 2020-05-27
上传用户：shancjb
To meet the future demand for huge traffic volume of wireless data service, the research on the fifth generation (5G) mobile communication systems has been undertaken in recent years. It is expected that the spectral and energy efficiencies in 5G mobile communication systems should be ten-fold higher than the ones in the fourth generation (4G) mobile communication systems. Therefore, it is important to further exploit the potential of spatial multiplexing of multiple antennas. In the last twenty years, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna techniques have been considered as the key techniques to increase the capacity of wireless communication systems. When a large-scale antenna array (which is also called massive MIMO) is equipped in a base-station, or a large number of distributed antennas (which is also called large-scale distributed MIMO) are deployed, the spectral and energy efficiencies can be further improved by using spatial domain multiple access. This paper provides an overview of massive MIMO and large-scale distributed MIMO systems, including spectral efficiency analysis, channel state information (CSI) acquisition, wireless transmission technology, and resource allocation.
标签： Large-scale Antenna Systems
上传时间： 2020-05-27
上传用户：shancjb
Many wireless communications channels consist of multiple signal paths from the transmitter to receiver. This multiplicity of paths leads to a phenomenon known as multipath fading. The multiple paths are caused by the presence of objects in the physical environment that, through the mechanisms of propagation, alter the path of radiated energy. These objects are referred to as scatterers. In the past, researchers often looked at ways to mitigate multipath scattering, such as in diversity systems. Multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) systems, on the other hand, use multipath diversity to their advantage; a MIMO system has the ability to translate increased spatial diversity into increased channel capacity.
标签： Multiple-Output Multiple-Input Channel Models
上传时间： 2020-05-31
上传用户：shancjb
Transmit power in wireless cellular networks is a key degree of freedom in the management of interference, energy, and connectivity. Power control in both uplink and downlink of a cellular network has been extensively studied, especially over the last 15 years, and some of the results have enabled the continuous evolution and significant impact of the digital cellular technology.
标签： Cellular Networks Wireless Control Power in
上传时间： 2020-05-31
上传用户：shancjb
