Optical communication technology has been extensively developed over the last 50 years, since the proposed idea by Kao and Hockham [1]. However, only during the last 15 years have the concepts of communication foundation, that is, the modulation and demodulation techniques, been applied. This is pos- sible due to processing signals using real and imaginary components in the baseband in the digital domain. The baseband signals can be recovered from the optical passband region using polarization and phase diversity tech- niques, as well as technology that was developed in the mid-1980s.
标签： TRAnSMISSION Processing Digital Optical
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The objective of this book is to allow the reader to predict the received signal power produced by a particular radio transmitter. The first two chapters examine propagation in free space for point-to-point and point-to-area TRAnSMISSION, respectively. This is combined with a dis- cussion regarding the characteristics of antennas for various purposes. In chapter 3, the effect of obstacles, whether buildings or mountains, is discussed and analytical methods, whereby the strength of a signal is the shadow of an obstacle can be predicted, are presented.
标签： Propagation Essentials Radio Wave of
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Free Space Optical Communication (FSOC) is an effective alternative technology to meet the Next Generation Network (NGN) demands as well as highly secured (mili- tary) communications. FSOC includes various advantages like last mile access, easy installation, free of Electro Magnetic Interference (EMI)/Electro Magnetic Compatibil- ity (EMC) and license free access etc. In FSOC, the optical beam propagation in the turbulentatmosphereisseverelyaffectedbyvariousfactorssuspendedinthechannel, geographicallocationoftheinstallationsite,terraintypeandmeteorologicalchanges. Therefore a rigorous experimental study over a longer period becomes significant to analyze the quality and reliability of the FSOC channel and the maximum data rate that the system can operate since data TRAnSMISSION is completely season dependent.
标签： Communication Optical System Space Free
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The recent developments in full duplex (FD) commu- nication promise doubling the capacity of cellular networks using self interference cancellation (SIC) techniques. FD small cells with device-to-device (D2D) communication links could achieve the expected capacity of the future cellular networks (5G). In this work, we consider joint scheduling and dynamic power algorithm (DPA) for a single cell FD small cell network with D2D links (D2DLs). We formulate the optimal user selection and power control as a non-linear programming (NLP) optimization problem to get the optimal user scheduling and TRAnSMISSION power in a given TTI. Our numerical results show that using DPA gives better overall throughput performance than full power TRAnSMISSION algorithm (FPA). Also, simultaneous TRAnSMISSIONs (combination of uplink (UL), downlink (DL), and D2D occur 80% of the time thereby increasing the spectral efficiency and network capacity
标签： Full-Duplex Cells Small
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The third generation (3G) mobile communication system is the next big thing in the world of mobile telecommunications. The first generation included analog mobile phones [e.g., Total Access Communications Systems (TACS), Nordic Mobile Telephone (NMT), and Advanced Mobile Phone Service (AMPS)], and the second generation (2G) included digital mobile phones [e.g., global system for mobile communications (GSM), personal digital cellular (PDC), and digital AMPS (D-AMPS)]. The 3G will bring digital multimedia handsets with high data TRAnSMISSION rates, capable of providing much more than basic voice calls.
标签： Communications Introduction Mobile 3G to
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To meet the future demand for huge traffic volume of wireless data service, the research on the fifth generation (5G) mobile communication systems has been undertaken in recent years. It is expected that the spectral and energy efficiencies in 5G mobile communication systems should be ten-fold higher than the ones in the fourth generation (4G) mobile communication systems. Therefore, it is important to further exploit the potential of spatial multiplexing of multiple antennas. In the last twenty years, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna techniques have been considered as the key techniques to increase the capacity of wireless communication systems. When a large-scale antenna array (which is also called massive MIMO) is equipped in a base-station, or a large number of distributed antennas (which is also called large-scale distributed MIMO) are deployed, the spectral and energy efficiencies can be further improved by using spatial domain multiple access. This paper provides an overview of massive MIMO and large-scale distributed MIMO systems, including spectral efficiency analysis, channel state information (CSI) acquisition, wireless TRAnSMISSION technology, and resource allocation.
标签： Large-scale Antenna Systems
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An optical fiber amplifier is a key component for enabling efficient TRAnSMISSION of wavelength-divisionmultiplexed(WDM)signalsoverlongdistances.Eventhough many alternative technologies were available, erbium-doped fiber amplifiers won theraceduringtheearly1990sandbecameastandardcomponentforlong-haulopti- caltelecommunicationssystems.However,owingtotherecentsuccessinproducing low-cost, high-power, semiconductor lasers operating near 1450 nm, the Raman amplifiertechnologyhasalsogainedprominenceinthedeploymentofmodernlight- wavesystems.Moreover,becauseofthepushforintegratedoptoelectroniccircuits, semiconductor optical amplifiers, rare-earth-doped planar waveguide amplifiers, and silicon optical amplifiers are also gaining much interest these days.
标签： Propagation Light Media Gain in
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In the nineteenth century, scientists, mathematician, engineers and innovators started investigating electromagnetism. The theory that underpins wireless communications was formed by Maxwell. Early demonstrations took place by Hertz, Tesla and others. Marconi demonstrated the first wireless TRAnSMISSION. Since then, the range of applications has expanded at an immense rate, together with the underpinning technology. The rate of development has been incredible and today the level of technical and commercial maturity is very high. This success would not have been possible without understanding radio- wave propagation. This knowledge enables us to design successful systems and networks, together with waveforms, antennal and transceiver architectures. The radio channel is the cornerstone to the operation of any wireless system.
标签： LTE-Advanced Generation Next and
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Nature is seldom kind. One of the most appealing uses for radio- telephone systems—communication with people on the move—must over- come radio TRAnSMISSION problems so difficult they challenge the imagina- tion. A microwave radio signal transmitted between a fixed base station and a moving vehicle in a typical urban environment exhibits extreme variations in both amplitude and apparent frequency.
标签： Communications Microwave Mobile
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Due to the asymmetry between the amount of data traffic in the downlink and uplink direction of nowadays and future wireless networks, a proper design of the transceivers in the broadcast channel is inevitable in order to satisfy the users’ demands on data rate and TRAnSMISSION quality. This book deals with the optimi- zation-based joint design of the transmit and receive filters in a MIMO broadcast channel in which the user terminals may be equipped with several antenna ele- ments.
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