The PCA9555 is a 24-pin CMOS device that provides 16 bits of General Purpose parallelInput/Output (GPIO) expansion for I2C-bus/SMBus applications and was developed toenhance the NXP Semiconductors family of I2C-bus I/O expanders. The improvementsinclude higher drive capability, 5 V I/O tolerance, lower supply current, individual I/Oconfiguration, and smaller packaging. I/O expanders provide a simple solution whenadditional I/O is needed for ACPI power switches, sensors, push buttons, LEDs, fans, etc.The PCA9555 consists of two 8-bit Configuration (Input or Output selection); Input, Outputand Polarity Inversion (active HIGH or active LOW operation) registers. The systemmaster can enable the I/Os as either inputs or outputs by writing to the I/O configurationbits. The data for each Input or Output is kept in the corresponding Input or Outputregister. The polarity of the read register can be inverted with the Polarity Inversionregister. All registers can be read by the system master. Although pin-to-pin and I2C-busaddress compatible with the PCF8575, software changes are required due to theenhancements, and are discussed in Application Note AN469.
上传时间： 2013-11-13
上传用户：fredguo
Although Stellaris microcontrollers have generous internal SRAM capabilities, certain applicationsmay have data storage requirements that exceed the 8 KB limit of the Stellaris LM3S8xx seriesdevices. Since microcontrollers do not have an external parallel data-bus, serial memory optionsmust be considered. Until recently, the ubiquitous serial EEPROM/flash device was the only serialmemory solution. The major limitations of EEPROM and flash technology are slow write speed, slowerase times, and limited write/erase endurance.Recently, serial SRAM devices have become available as a solution for high-speed dataapplications. The N256S08xxHDA series of devices, from AMI Semiconductor, offer 32 K x 8 bits oflow-power data storage, a fast Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) serial bus, and unlimited write cycles.The parts are available in 8-pin SOIC and compact TSSOP packages.
上传时间： 2013-10-14
上传用户：cxl274287265
The ISO7220 and ISO7221 are dual-channel digital isolators. To facilitate PCB layout, the channels are orientedin the same direction in the ISO7220 and in opposite directions in the ISO7221. These devices have a logic inputand output buffer separated by TI’s silicon-dioxide (SiO2) isolation barrier, providing galvanic isolation of up to4000 V. Used in conjunction with isolated power supplies, these devices block high voltage, isolate grounds, andprevent noise currents on a data bus or other circuits from entering the local ground and interfering with ordamaging sensitive circuitry.
上传时间： 2013-10-24
上传用户：hbsunhui
基于LabVIEW和单片机的空调温度场测量系统的研究:室内温度是空调系统舒适性的重要指标,对其及时、准确地测量显得非常重要。介绍单片机AT89C51 和数字式、单总线型温度传感器DS18B20 组成矩形测量网络采集空调室内40 点温度,LabVIEW作为开发平台,二者之间通过串口实现数据通信,利用LabVIEW强大的数据处理和显示功能对采集的空调温度场数据进行实时处理、分析和显示,详细介绍了系统的硬件结构和软件模块的设计方案。关键词:单片机;DS18B20 ;LabVIEW;串行通信 Abstract : Temperature is a very important criterion of air condition system′s comfort , so it is very significant to measure it accurately and real timely. This paper int roduces a data acquisition system of measuring 40 point s temperature for air condition room based on single wire digital sensor DS18B20 and microcont roller AT89C51 which are composed of rectangle measuring meshwork. The data communication between LabVIEW and microcont roller is executed via serial port ,and the temperature field data of air condition room are processed analyzed and displayed on LabVIEW. The hardware and software modules are also given in detail.Keywords : single chip ;DS18B20 ;LabVIEW; serial communication
上传时间： 2014-05-05
上传用户：KSLYZ
PC机之间串口通信的实现一、实验目的 １．熟悉微机接口实验装置的结构和使用方法。 ２．掌握通信接口芯片8251和8250的功能和使用方法。 ３．学会串行通信程序的编制方法。 二、实验内容与要求 １．基本要求主机接收开关量输入的数据（二进制或十六进制），从键盘上按“传输”键（可自行定义），就将该数据通过8251A传输出去。终端接收后在显示器上显示数据。具体操作说明如下：（１）出现提示信息“start with R in the board!”，通过调整乒乓开关的状态，设置8位数据；（２）在小键盘上按“R”键，系统将此时乒乓开关的状态读入计算机I中，并显示出来，同时显示经串行通讯后，计算机II接收到的数据；（３）完成后，系统提示“do you want to send another data? Y/N”，根据用户需要，在键盘按下“Y”键，则重复步骤（1），进行另一数据的通讯；在键盘按除“Y”键外的任意键，将退出本程序。２．提高要求 能够进行出错处理，例如采用奇偶校验，出错重传或者采用接收方回传和发送方确认来保证发送和接收正确。 三、设计报告要求 １．设计目的和内容 ２．总体设计 ３．硬件设计：原理图（接线图）及简要说明 ４．软件设计框图及程序清单５．设计结果和体会（包括遇到的问题及解决的方法） 四、8251A通用串行输入/输出接口芯片由于CPU与接口之间按并行方式传输，接口与外设之间按串行方式传输，因此，在串行接口中，必须要有“接收移位寄存器”（串→并）和“发送移位寄存器”（并→串）。能够完成上述“串←→并”转换功能的电路，通常称为“通用异步收发器”（UART：Universal Asynchronous Receiver and Transmitter）,典型的芯片有：Intel 8250/8251。8251A异步工作方式：如果8251A编程为异步方式，在需要发送字符时，必须首先设置TXEN和CTS#为有效状态，TXEN(Transmitter Enable)是允许发送信号，是命令寄存器中的一位；CTS#(Clear To Send)是由外设发来的对CPU请求发送信号的响应信号。然后就开始发送过程。在发送时，每当CPU送往发送缓冲器一个字符，发送器自动为这个字符加上1个起始位，并且按照编程要求加上奇／偶校验位以及1个、1.5个或者2个停止位。串行数据以起始位开始，接着是最低有效数据位，最高有效位的后面是奇／偶校验位，然后是停止位。按位发送的数据是以发送时钟TXC的下降沿同步的，也就是说这些数据总是在发送时钟TXC的下降沿从8251A发出。数据传输的波特率取决于编程时指定的波特率因子，为发送器时钟频率的1、1/16或1/64。当波特率指定为16时，数据传输的波特率就是发送器时钟频率的1/16。CPU通过数据总线将数据送到8251A的数据输出缓冲寄存器以后，再传输到发送缓冲器，经移位寄存器移位，将并行数据变为串行数据，从TxD端送往外部设备。在8251A接收字符时，命令寄存器的接收允许位RxE(Receiver Enable)必须为1。8251A通过检测RxD引脚上的低电平来准备接收字符，在没有字符传送时RxD端为高电平。8251A不断地检测RxD引脚，从RxD端上检测到低电平以后，便认为是串行数据的起始位，并且启动接收控制电路中的一个计数器来进行计数，计数器的频率等于接收器时钟频率。计数器是作为接收器采样定时，当计数到相当于半个数位的传输时间时再次对RxD端进行采样，如果仍为低电平，则确认该数位是一个有效的起始位。若传输一个字符需要16个时钟，那么就是要在计数8个时钟后采样到低电平。之后，8251A每隔一个数位的传输时间对RxD端采样一次，依次确定串行数据位的值。串行数据位顺序进入接收移位寄存器，通过校验并除去停止位，变成并行数据以后通过内部数据总线送入接收缓冲器，此时发出有效状态的RxRDY信号通知CPU，通知CPU8251A已经收到一个有效的数据。一个字符对应的数据可以是5～8位。如果一个字符对应的数据不到8位，8251A会在移位转换成并行数据的时候，自动把他们的高位补成0。 五、系统总体设计方案根据系统设计的要求，对系统设计的总体方案进行论证分析如下：1．获取8位开关量可使用实验台上的8255A可编程并行接口芯片，因为只要获取8位数据量，只需使用基本输入和8位数据线，所以将8255A工作在方式0，PA0-PA7接实验台上的8位开关量。2．当使用串口进行数据传送时，虽然同步通信速度远远高于异步通信，可达500kbit/s，但由于其需要有一个时钟来实现发送端和接收端之间的同步，硬件电路复杂，通常计算机之间的通信只采用异步通信。3．由于8251A本身没有时钟，需要外部提供，所以本设计中使用实验台上的8253芯片的计数器2来实现。4：显示和键盘输入均使用DOS功能调用来实现。设计思路框图，如下图所示： 六、硬件设计硬件电路主要分为8位开关量数据获取电路，串行通信数据发送电路，串行通信数据接收电路三个部分。1．8位开关量数据获取电路该电路主要是利用8255并行接口读取8位乒乓开关的数据。此次设计在获取8位开关数据量时采用8255令其工作在方式0，A口输入8位数据，CS#接实验台上CS1口，对应端口为280H-283H，PA0-PA7接8个开关。2．串行通信电路串行通信电路本设计中8253主要为8251充当频率发生器，接线如下图所示。
上传时间： 2013-12-19
上传用户：小火车啦啦啦
In this document, the term Ô60xÕ is used to denote a 32-bit microprocessor from the PowerPC architecture family that conforms to the bus interface of the PowerPC 601ª, PowerPC 603ª, or PowerPC 604 microprocessors. Note that this does not include the PowerPC 602ª microprocessor which has a multiplexed address/data bus. 60x processors implement the PowerPC architecture as it is speciÞed for 32-bit addressing, which provides 32-bit effective (logical) addresses, integer data types of 8, 16, and 32 bits,and ßoating-point data types of 32 and 64 bits (single-precision and double-precision).1.1 Overview The MPC106 provides an integrated high-bandwidth, high-performance, TTL-compatible interface between a 60x processor, a secondary (L2) cache or additional (up to four total) 60x processors, the PCI bus,and main memory. This section provides a block diagram showing the major functional units of the 106 and describes brießy how those units interact.Figure 1 shows the major functional units within the 106. Note that this is a conceptual block diagram intended to show the basic features rather than an attempt to show how these features are physically implemented on the device.
上传时间： 2013-10-08
上传用户：18711024007
The μPSD32xx family, from ST, consists of Flash programmable system devices with a 8032 MicrocontrollerCore. Of these, the μPSD3234A and μPSD3254A are notable for having a complete implementationof the USB hardware directly on the chip, complying with the Universal Serial Bus Specification, Revision1.1.This application note describes a demonstration program that has been written for the DK3200 hardwaredemonstration kit (incorporating a μPSD3234A device). It gives the user an idea of how simple it is to workwith the device, using the HID class as a ready-made device driver for the USB connection.IN-APPLICATION-PROGRAMMING (IAP) AND IN-SYSTEM-PROGRAMMING (ISP)Since the μPSD contains two independent Flash memory arrays, the Micro Controller Unit (MCU) can executecode from one memory while erasing and programming the other. Product firmware updates in thefield can be reliably performed over any communication channel (such as CAN, Ethernet, UART, J1850)using this unique architecture. For In-Application-Programming (IAP), all code is updated through theMCU. The main advantage for the user is that the firmware can be updated remotely. The target applicationruns and takes care on its own program code and data memory.IAP is not the only method to program the firmware in μPSD devices. They can also be programmed usingIn-System-Programming (ISP). A IEEE1149.1-compliant JTAG interface is included on the μPSD. Withthis, the entire device can be rapidly programmed while soldered to the circuit board (Main Flash memory,Secondary Boot Flash memory, the PLD, and all configuration areas). This requires no MCU participation.The MCU is completely bypassed. So, the μPSD can be programmed or reprogrammed any time, anywhere, even when completely uncommitted.Both methods take place with the device in its normal hardware environment, soldered to a printed circuitboard. The IAP method cannot be used without previous use of ISP, because IAP utilizes a small amountof resident code to receive the service commands, and to perform the desired operations.
标签： Demonstration 3200 USB for
上传时间： 2014-02-27
上传用户：zhangzhenyu
Internal Interrupts are used to respond to asynchronous requests from a certain part of themicrocontroller that needs to be serviced. Each peripheral in the TriCore as well as theBus Control Unit, the Debug Unit, the Peripheral Control Processor (PCP) and the CPUitself can generate an Interrupt Request.So what is an external Interrupt?An external Interrupt is something alike as the internal Interrupt. The difference is that anexternal Interrupt request is caused by an external event. Normally this would be a pulseon Port0 or Port1, but it can be even a signal from the input buffer of the SSC, indicatingthat a service is requested.The User’s Manual does not explain this aspect in detail so this ApNote will explain themost common form of an external Interrupt request. This ApNote will show that there is aneasy way to react on a pulse on Port0 or Port1 and to create with this impulse an InterruptService Request. Later in the second part of the document, you can find hints on how todebounce impulses to enable the use of a simple switch as the input device.Note: You will find additional information on how to setup the Interrupt System in theApNote “First steps through the TriCore Interrupt System” (AP3222xx)1. It would gobeyond the scope of this document to explain this here, but you will find selfexplanatoryexamples later on.
上传时间： 2013-10-27
上传用户：zhangyigenius
The 87LPC76X Microcontroller combines in a small package thebenefits of a high-performance microcontroller with on-boardhardware supporting the Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C) bus interface.The 87LPC76X can be programmed both as an I2C bus master, aslave, or both. An overview of the I2C bus and description of the bussupport hardware in the 87LPC76X microcontrollers appears inapplication note AN464, Using the 87LPC76X Microcontroller as anI2C Bus Master. That application note includes a programmingexample, demonstrating a bus-master code. Here we show anexample of programming the microcontroller as an I2C slave.The code listing demonstrates communications routines for the87LPC76X as a slave on the I2C bus. It compliments the program inAN464 which demonstrates the 87LPC76X as an I2C bus master.One may demonstrate two 87LPC76X devices communicating witheach other on the I2C bus, using the AN464 code in one, and theprogram presented here in the other. The examples presented hereand in AN464 allow the 87LPC76X to be either a master or a slave,but not both. Switching between master and slave roles in amultimaster environment is described in application note AN435.The software for a slave on the bus is relatively simple, as theprocessor plays a relatively passive role. It does not initiate bustransfers on its own, but responds to a master initiating thecommunications. This is true whether the slave receives or transmitsdata—transmission takes place only as a response to a busmaster’s request. The slave does not have to worry about arbitrationor about devices which do not acknowledge their address. As theslave is not supposed to take control of the bus, we do not demandit to resolve bus exceptions or “hangups”. If the bus becomesinactive the processor simply withdraws, not interfering with themaster (or masters) on the bus which should (hopefully) try toresolve the situation.
上传时间： 2013-11-19
上传用户：shirleyYim
MPC7400 Part Number SpeciÞcationThis document describes part number speciÞc changes to recommended operating conditions and revised electrical speciÞcations,as applicable, from those described in the generalMPC7400 Hardware SpeciÞcations.SpeciÞcations provided in this Part Number SpeciÞcation supersede those in theMPC7400 Hardware SpeciÞcationsdated 9/99(order #: MPC7400EC/D) for these part numbers only; speciÞcations not addressed herein are unchanged. This document isfrequently updated, refer to the website at http://www.mot.com/SPS/PowerPC/ for the latest version.Note that headings and table numbers in this data sheet are not consecutively numbered. They are intended to correspond to theheading or table affected in the general hardware speciÞcation.
上传时间： 2014-12-28
上传用户：huyahui
