Mobile telecommunications emerged as a technological marvel allowing for access to personal and other services, devices, computation and communication, in any place and at any time through effortless plug and play. This brilliant idea became possible as the result of new technologies developed in the areas of computers and communications that were made available and accessible to the user.
标签： Telecommunications Protocols Mobile
上传时间： 2020-05-30
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Smartphones have become a key element in providing greater user access to the mobile Internet. Many complex applications which used to be limited to PCs, have been developed and operated on smartphones. These applications extend the functionalities of smartphones, making them more convenient for users to be connected. However, they also greatly increase the power consumption of smartphones, making users frustrated with long delays in Web browsing.
标签： Browsing Mobile Cloud Using Web the
上传时间： 2020-05-30
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The unguided transmission of information using electromagnetic waves at radio frequency (RF) is often referred to as wireless communications, the first demonstration of which took place at the end of the 19th cen- tury and is attributed to Hertz. The technology was, shortly thereafter, commercialised by, amongst others, Marconi in one of the first wire- less communication systems, i.e., wireless telegraphy. In the first half of the 20th century the technology was developed further to enable more than the mere transmission of Morse code. This first resulted in uni- directional radio broadcasting and several years later also in television broadcasting.
标签： Imperfections RF
上传时间： 2020-06-01
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With the advent of IMT-2000, CDMA has emerged at the focal point of interest in wireless communications. Now it has become impossible to discuss wireless communications without knowing the CDMA technologies. There are a number of books readily published on the CDMA technologies, but they are mostly dealing with the traditional spread-spectrum technologies and the IS-95 based CDMA systems. As a large number of novel and interesting technologies have been newly developed throughout the IMT-2000 standardization process in very recent years, new reference books are now demanding that address the diverse spectrum of the new CDMA technologies.
标签： Communications Scrambling Techniques CDMA for
上传时间： 2020-06-01
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Since the first edition of the book was published, the field of modeling and simulation of communication systems has grown and matured in many ways, and the use of simulation as a day-to-day tool is now even more common practice. Many new modeling and simulation approaches have been developed in the recent years, many more commercial simulation packages are available, and the evolution of powerful general mathematical applications packages has provided still more options for computer-aided design and analysis. With the current interest in digital mobile communications, a primary area of application of modeling and simulation is now to wireless systems of a different flavor than the traditional ones.
标签： Communication Simulation Systems of
上传时间： 2020-06-01
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The use of optical free-space emissions to provide indoor wireless commu- nications has been studied extensively since the pioneering work of Gfeller and Bapst in 1979 [1]. These studies have been invariably interdisciplinary in- volving such far flung areas such as optics design‚ indoor propagation studies‚ electronics design‚ communications systems design among others. The focus of this text is on the design of communications systems for indoor wireless optical channels. Signalling techniques developed for wired fibre optic net- works are seldom efficient since they do not consider the bandwidth restricted nature of the wireless optical channel.
标签： Communication Wireless Optical Systems
上传时间： 2020-06-01
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Since electronic equipment was first developed, static electricity has been a source of problems for users and designers. In the last few years, however, electrostatic discharge (ESD) has become a source of major problems. This has occurred because newer electronic devices, such as integrated circuits, are much more susceptible to ESD problems than previous devices, such as vacuum tubes. Another trend compounding this ESD susceptibility problem is the spread of sophisticated equipment into home and office environments where ESD is quite common.
标签： Electronic Equipment ESD and
上传时间： 2020-06-05
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ESD is a crucial factor for integrated circuits and influences their quality and reliability. Today increasingly sensitive processes with deep sub micron structures are developed. The integration of more and more functionality on a single chip and saving of chip area is required. Integrated circuits become more susceptible to ESD/EOS related damages. However, the requirements on ESD robustness especially for automotive applications are increasing. ESD failures are very often the reason for redesigns. Much research has been conducted by semiconductor manufacturers on ESD robust design.
标签： Guidelines Design Basic ESD
上传时间： 2020-06-05
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Applications of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and microfabrica- tion have spread to different fields of engineering and science in recent years. Perhaps the most exciting development in the application of MEMS technol- ogy has occurred in the biological and biomedical areas. In addition to key fluidic components, such as microvalves, pumps, and all kinds of novel sensors that can be used for biological and biomedical analysis and mea- surements, many other types of so-called micro total analysis systems (TAS) have been developed.
标签： Applications Technologies Bio-MEMS and
上传时间： 2020-06-06
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Thanks to the advances in micromachining fabrication technologies and significant cost reduction due to mass production, miniature sensors of angular rate, or gyroscopes, found their way into the everyday life of every user of modern gadgets, such as smart phones, tablets or even wristwatches. Often without realising, many of us are carrying in our pockets fully equipped with all necessary sensors complete inertial navigation systems that not so long ago were available only for advanced vehicles in sea, land, air or space. Accelerometers and gyroscopes are found in specifications of any gadget supposed to react to user movements. And one of the most commonly used type of gyroscopes used to developed these systems is Coriolis vibratory gyroscope (CVG).
标签： Gyroscopes Vibratory Coriolis
上传时间： 2020-06-06
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