BGA布线指南 BGA chip PLACEMENT AND ROUTING RULE BGA是PCB上常用的组件，通常CPU、NORTH BRIDGE、SOUTH BRIDGE、AGP chip、CARD BUS chip…等，大多是以bga的型式包装，简言之，80﹪的高频信号及特殊信号将会由这类型的package内拉出。因此，如何处理BGA package的走线，对重要信号会有很大的影响。 通常环绕在BGA附近的小零件，依重要性为优先级可分为几类： 1. by pass。 2. clock终端RC电路。 3. damping（以串接电阻、排组型式出现；例如memory BUS信号） 4. EMI RC电路（以dampin、C、pull height型式出现；例如USB信号）。 5. 其它特殊电路（依不同的chip所加的特殊电路；例如CPU的感温电路）。 6. 40mil以下小电源电路组（以C、L、R等型式出现；此种电路常出现在AGP chip or含AGP功能之chip附近，透过R、L分隔出不同的电源组）。 7. pull low R、C。 8. 一般小电路组（以R、C、Q、U等型式出现；无走线要求）。 9. pull height R、RP。 中文DOC，共5页，图文并茂
上传时间： 2013-04-24
上传用户：cxy9698
信号与信息处理是信息科学中近几年来发展最为迅速的学科之一,随着片上系统(SOC,System On chip)时代的到来,FPGA正处于革命性数字信号处理的前沿。基于FPGA的设计可以在系统可再编程及在系统调试,具有吞吐量高,能够更好地防止授权复制、元器件和开发成本进一步降低、开发时间也大大缩短等优点。然而,FPGA器件是基于SRAM结构的编程工艺,掉电后编程信息立即丢失,每次加电时,配置数据都必须重新下载,并且器件支持多种配置方式,所以研究FPGA器件的配置方案在FPGA系统设计中具有极其重要的价值,这也给用于可编程逻辑器件编程的配置接口电路和实验开发设备提出了更高的要求。 本论文基于IEEE1149.1标准和USB2.0技术,完成了FPGA配置接口电路及实验开发板的设计与实现。作者在充分理解IEEE1149.1标准和USB技术原理的基础上,针对Altcra公司专用的USB数据配置电缆USB-Blaster,对其内部工作原理及工作时序进行测试与详细分析,完成了基于USB配置接口的FPGA芯片开发实验电路的完整软硬件设计及功能时序仿真。作者最后进行了软硬件调试,完成测试与验证,实现了对Altera系列PLD的配置功能及实验开发板的功能。 本文讨论的USB下载接口电路被验证能在Altera的QuartusII开发环境下直接使用,无须在主机端另行设计通信软件,其兼容性较现有设计有所提高。由于PLD(Programmable Logic Device)厂商对其知识产权严格保密,使得基于USB接口的配置电路应用受到很大限制,同时也加大了自行对其进行开发设计的难度。 与传统的基于PC并口的下载接口电路相比,本设计的基于USB下载接口电路及FPGA实验开发板具有更高的编程下载速率、支持热插拔、体积小、便于携带、降低对PC硬件伤害,且具备其它下载接口电路不具备的SignalTapII嵌入式逻辑分析仪和调试NiosII嵌入式软核处理器等明显优势。从成本来看,本设计的USB配置接口电路及FPGA实验开发板与其同类产品相比有较强的竞争力。
上传时间： 2013-06-07
上传用户：2525775
·详细说明：Actions 炬力 MP3 播放器2071、2073系列主控芯片 参考电路图，完整电路图。-Actions the torch strength MP3 player 2,071, 2,073 series hosts control the chip reference circuit diagram, complete circuit diagram.
上传时间： 2013-04-24
上传用户：amwfhv
读取STM32芯片内部唯一的标识，用于加密等区别其他芯片的操作，有完整注释，测试通过-STM32 chip to read a unique identifier for the encryption and other differences other chip operation, with complete notes, test
上传时间： 2013-05-24
上传用户：793212294
With more and more multi-frequency clocks being used in today's chips, especially in the communications field, it is often necessary to switch the source of a clock line while the chip is running.
上传时间： 2013-10-10
上传用户：1214209695
•Founded in Jan. 08, 2001 in Shanghai, China.•Fabless IDH focused on Analog & Mixed Signal chip design & marketing •Over 100 IC introduced.•Over 200 OEM Customer worldwide•ISO-9000 Certified•Distribution Channel in Taiwan, China & Japan To achieve 100% customer satisfactionby producing the technically advanced product with the best quality, on-time delivery and service. Leverages on proprietary process and world-class engineering team to develop innovative & high quality analog solutions that add value to electronics equipment.
标签： Circuit Analog Design Porta
上传时间： 2013-10-24
上传用户：songnanhua
Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design I enjoyed reading this book for a number of reasons. One reason is that itaddresses high-speed analog design in the context of microwave issues. This isan advanced-level book, which should follow courses in basic circuits andtransmission lines. Most analog integrated circuit designers in the past workedon applications at low enough frequency that microwave issues did not arise.As a consequence, they were adept at lumped parameter circuits and often notcomfortable with circuits where waves travel in space. However, in order todesign radio frequency (RF) communications integrated circuits (IC) in thegigahertz range, one must deal with transmission lines at chip interfaces andwhere interconnections on chip are far apart. Also, impedance matching isaddressed, which is a topic that arises most often in microwave circuits. In mycareer, there has been a gap in comprehension between analog low-frequencydesigners and microwave designers. Often, similar issues were dealt with in twodifferent languages. Although this book is more firmly based in lumped-elementanalog circuit design, it is nice to see that microwave knowledge is brought inwhere necessary.Too many analog circuit books in the past have concentrated first on thecircuit side rather than on basic theory behind their application in communications.The circuits usually used have evolved through experience, without asatisfying intellectual theme in describing them. Why a given circuit works bestcan be subtle, and often these circuits are chosen only through experience. Forthis reason, I am happy that the book begins first with topics that require anintellectual approach—noise, linearity and filtering, and technology issues. Iam particularly happy with how linearity is introduced (power series). In therest of the book it is then shown, with specific circuits and numerical examples,how linearity and noise issues arise.
上传时间： 2014-12-23
上传用户：han_zh
This document provides practical, common guidelines for incorporating PCI Express interconnect layouts onto Printed Circuit Boards (PCB) ranging from 4-layer desktop baseboard designs to 10- layer or more server baseboard designs. Guidelines and constraints in this document are intended for use on both baseboard and add-in card PCB designs. This includes interconnects between PCI Express devices located on the same baseboard (chip-to-chip routing) and interconnects between a PCI Express device located “down” on the baseboard and a device located “up” on an add-in card attached through a connector. This document is intended to cover all major components of the physical interconnect including design guidelines for the PCB traces, vias and AC coupling capacitors, as well as add-in card edge-finger and connector considerations. The intent of the guidelines and examples is to help ensure that good high-speed signal design practices are used and that the timing/jitter and loss/attenuation budgets can also be met from end-to-end across the PCI Express interconnect. However, while general physical guidelines and suggestions are given, they may not necessarily guarantee adequate performance of the interconnect for all layouts and implementations. Therefore, designers should consider modeling and simulation of the interconnect in order to ensure compliance to all applicable specifications. The document is composed of two main sections. The first section provides an overview of general topology and interconnect guidelines. The second section concentrates on physical layout constraints where bulleted items at the beginning of a topic highlight important constraints, while the narrative that follows offers additional insight.
上传时间： 2013-10-15
上传用户：busterman
半導體的產品很多，應用的場合非常廣泛，圖一是常見的幾種半導體元件外型。半導體元件一般是以接腳形式或外型來劃分類別，圖一中不同類別的英文縮寫名稱原文為 PDID：Plastic Dual Inline Package SOP：Small Outline Package SOJ：Small Outline J-Lead Package PLCC：Plastic Leaded chip Carrier QFP：Quad Flat Package PGA：Pin Grid Array BGA：Ball Grid Array 雖然半導體元件的外型種類很多，在電路板上常用的組裝方式有二種，一種是插入電路板的銲孔或腳座，如PDIP、PGA，另一種是貼附在電路板表面的銲墊上，如SOP、SOJ、PLCC、QFP、BGA。 從半導體元件的外觀，只看到從包覆的膠體或陶瓷中伸出的接腳，而半導體元件真正的的核心，是包覆在膠體或陶瓷內一片非常小的晶片，透過伸出的接腳與外部做資訊傳輸。圖二是一片EPROM元件，從上方的玻璃窗可看到內部的晶片，圖三是以顯微鏡將內部的晶片放大，可以看到晶片以多條銲線連接四周的接腳，這些接腳向外延伸並穿出膠體，成為晶片與外界通訊的道路。請注意圖三中有一條銲線從中斷裂，那是使用不當引發過電流而燒毀，致使晶片失去功能，這也是一般晶片遭到損毀而失效的原因之一。 圖四是常見的LED，也就是發光二極體，其內部也是一顆晶片，圖五是以顯微鏡正視LED的頂端，可從透明的膠體中隱約的看到一片方型的晶片及一條金色的銲線，若以LED二支接腳的極性來做分別，晶片是貼附在負極的腳上，經由銲線連接正極的腳。當LED通過正向電流時，晶片會發光而使LED發亮，如圖六所示。 半導體元件的製作分成兩段的製造程序，前一段是先製造元件的核心─晶片，稱為晶圓製造；後一段是將晶中片加以封裝成最後產品，稱為IC封裝製程，又可細分成晶圓切割、黏晶、銲線、封膠、印字、剪切成型等加工步驟，在本章節中將簡介這兩段的製造程序。
上传时间： 2014-01-20
上传用户：苍山观海
RT7273是一颗完全跟TPS65251 PIN TO PIN 替换料号,一路进三路出,输出电流可以做到3A/2A/2A;如有需求请联系我：021-54262182 EXT 114(Eric) QQ：1187337351
上传时间： 2013-11-24
上传用户：fairy0212
