Many times I have been asked to explain “ briefl y ” how SDH, SONET, and the OTN “ exactly ” work. The questions came mainly from new colleagues, stu- dents, and users of these technologies, personally or via the usenet newsgroup comp.dcom.sdh - sonet. I could have referred them to the standards documents, but to provide a more consistent and clear answer I decided to write this pocket guide. The objective of this book is that it can be used both as an introduction as well as a reference guide to these technologies and their spe- cifi c standards documents.
标签： Generation Transport Optical ComSoc Guide
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Cooperation has been the subject of intensive study in the social and biological sciences, as well as in mathematics and artificial intelligence. The fundamental finding is that even egoists can sustain cooperation provided the structure of their environment allows for repeated interactions (Axelrod 1984).
标签： Cooperation Wireless Networks in
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Designing for Networked Communications: Strategies and Development is a book about how we plan, use, and understand the products, dynamic social processes, and tasks upon which depend some of the most vital innovations in the knowledge society—social as well as technological ones. Focusing on various forms of design, implementation, and integration of computer-mediated communication (CMC), the book bridges the academic fields of computer science and communication stud- ies.
标签： Communications Designing Networked for
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The new digital radio system DAB (Digital Audio Broadcasting, nowadays often called Digital Radio) is a very innovative and universal multimedia broadcast system which will replace the existing AM and FM audio broadcast services in many parts of the world in the future. It was developed in the 1990s by the Eureka 147/DAB project. DAB is very well suited for mobile reception and provides very high robustness against multipath reception. It allows use of single frequency networks (SFNs) for high frequency efficiency.
标签： Broadcasting Principles Digital Audio
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Optical communication technology has been extensively developed over the last 50 years, since the proposed idea by Kao and Hockham [1]. However, only during the last 15 years have the concepts of communication foundation, that is, the modulation and demodulation techniques, been applied. This is pos- sible due to processing signals using real and imaginary components in the baseband in the digital domain. The baseband signals can be recovered from the optical passband region using polarization and phase diversity tech- niques, as well as technology that was developed in the mid-1980s.
标签： Transmission Processing Digital Optical
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The General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) allows an end user to send and receive data in packet transfer mode within a public land mobile network (PLMN) without using a permanent connection between the mobile station (MS) and the external network during data transfer. This way, GPRS opti- mizes the use of network and radio resources (RRs) since, unlike circuit- switched mode, no connection between the MS and the external network is established when there is no data flow in progress. Thus, this RR optimiza- tion makes it possible for the operator to offer more attractive fees.
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With the advancement of technology and miniaturization of electronic devices, applications of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) can be seen in diverse areas in our lives. In fact, these WSNs have gained a lot of attention from both the research community and industry, making them easily available on the market. An extensive amount of research, easy availability, and cheap cost make them useful in various types of futuristic applications as well.
标签： Communication Technologies Emerging
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During the past decade, many wireless communication techniques have been developedto achievevariousgoals suchas higherdata rate,morerobustlink quality, and higher number of users in a given bandwidth. For wireless communication systems, depending on the availability of a feedback link, two approaches can be considered: namely open and closed loop. Open loop communication system that does not exploit the channel knowledge at the transmitter is now well understood from both a theoretical and practical point of view.
标签： Communication Strategies Feedback Wireless for
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Free Space Optical Communication (FSOC) is an effective alternative technology to meet the Next Generation Network (NGN) demands as well as highly secured (mili- tary) communications. FSOC includes various advantages like last mile access, easy installation, free of Electro Magnetic Interference (EMI)/Electro Magnetic Compatibil- ity (EMC) and license free access etc. In FSOC, the optical beam propagation in the turbulentatmosphereisseverelyaffectedbyvariousfactorssuspendedinthechannel, geographicallocationoftheinstallationsite,terraintypeandmeteorologicalchanges. Therefore a rigorous experimental study over a longer period becomes significant to analyze the quality and reliability of the FSOC channel and the maximum data rate that the system can operate since data transmission is completely season dependent.
标签： Communication Optical System Space Free
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Fixed-mobile.convergence.and.voice-data.networks.have.merged.next-gen- eration,.value-added.applications.and.integrated.multimedia.services,.com- bining. Web. browsing,. instant. messaging,. presence,. voice. over. IP,. video. conferencing,. application. sharing,. telephony,. unified. messaging,. multi- media.content.delivery,.etc..on.top.of.different.network.technologies..The. convergence.of.the.communications.networks.is.motivated.by.the.need.to. support.many.forms.of.digital.traffic.as.well.as.to.amortize.implementation. and.operational.costs.of.the.underlying.networks..Historically,.the.approach. to. build. and. deploy. multimedia. services. has. focused. upon. single-point. solutions..
标签： Multimedia Subsystem Handbook IMS IP
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