An OPTICAL fiber amplifier is a key component for enabling efficient transmission of wavelength-divisionmultiplexed(WDM)signalsoverlongdistances.Eventhough many alternative technologies were available, erbium-doped fiber amplifiers won theraceduringtheearly1990sandbecameastandardcomponentforlong-haulopti- caltelecommunicationssystems.However,owingtotherecentsuccessinproducing low-cost, high-power, semiconductor lasers operating near 1450 nm, the Raman amplifiertechnologyhasalsogainedprominenceinthedeploymentofmodernlight- wavesystems.Moreover,becauseofthepushforintegratedoptoelectroniccircuits, semiconductor OPTICAL amplifiers, rare-earth-doped planar waveguide amplifiers, and silicon OPTICAL amplifiers are also gaining much interest these days.
标签： Propagation Light Media Gain in
上传时间： 2020-05-27
上传用户：shancjb
Ever since ancient times, people continuously have devised new techniques and technologies for communicating their ideas, needs, and desires to others. Thus, many forms of increasingly complex communication systems have appeared over the years. The basic motivations behind each new one were to improve the transmission fidelity so that fewer errors occur in the received message, to increase the transmission capacity of a communication link so that more infor- mation could be sent, or to increase the transmission distance between relay sta- tions so that messages can be sent farther without the need to restore the signal fidelity periodically along its path.
标签： Communications Essentials OPTICAL
上传时间： 2020-05-31
上传用户：shancjb
Visible light communications (VLC) is the name given to an OPTICAL wireless communication system that carries information by modulating light in the visible spectrum (400–700 nm) that is principally used for illumination [1–3]. The communications signal is encoded on top of the illumination light. Interest in VLC has grown rapidly with the growth of high power light emitting diodes (LEDs) in the visible spectrum. The motivation to use the illumination light for communication is to save energy by exploiting the illumination to carry information and, at the same time, to use technology that is “green” in comparison to radio frequency (RF) technology, while using the existing infrastructure of the lighting system.
标签： Communication Visible Light
上传时间： 2020-06-01
上传用户：shancjb
Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) refers to a multiplexing and transmission scheme in OPTICAL telecommunications fibers where different wavelengths, typically emitted by several lasers, are modulated independently (i.e., they carry independent information from the transmitters to the receivers). These wavelengths are then multiplexed in the transmitter by means of passive WDM filters, and likewise they are separated or demultiplexed in the receiver by means of the same filters or coherent detection that usually involves a tunable local oscillator (laser).
标签： Multiplexing Wavelength Division
上传时间： 2020-06-01
上传用户：shancjb
Wireless networking is undergoing a transformation from what has been primarily a medium for supporting voice traffic between telephones, into what is increasingly becoming a medium for supporting traffic among a variety of digital devices transmitting media of many types (voice, data, images, video. etc.) Wireline networking underwent a similar transformation in the 1990s, which led to an enormous build-up in the capacity of such networks, primarily through the addition of new OPTICAL fiber, switches and other infrastructure.
标签： Multiusers Detection Wireless Networks
上传时间： 2020-06-01
上传用户：shancjb
Identification is pervasive nowadays in daily life due to many complicated activities such as bank and library card reading, asset tracking, toll collecting, restricted access to sensitive data and procedures and target identification. This kind of task can be realized by passwords, bio- metric data such as fingerprints, barcode, OPTICAL character recognition, smart cards and radar. Radiofrequencyidentification(RFID)isatechniquetoidentifyobjectsbyusingradiosystems. It is a contactless, usually short distance, wireless data transmission and reception technique for identification of objects. An RFID system consists of two components: the tag (also called transponder) and the reader (also called interrogator).
标签： Processing Digital Signal RFID for
上传时间： 2020-06-08
上传用户：shancjb
随着光通信的蓬勃发展，光纤通信技术广泛应用于电信、电力、广播等领域，对整个信息产业产生了深远影响，光纤已成为当前最有前景的传输媒介。与此同时，光纤測试技术在光纤生产、现场铺设与后期维护等工程领域中得到广泛应用。光时域反射仪（OPTICAL Time Domain Reflectometer），又称背向散射仪，是一种用于表征光纤链路物理特性的精密光学测试仪器，主要用于测试光纤链路长度，精确定位断点事件，计算光纤损耗，并提供与长度有关的衰减细节。光纤链路中待测光纤的测量长度范围和测量精度，取决于OTDR的激光出纤功率和光脉宽。因此，需要设计合适的激光脉冲驱动电源及配套的控制和探测系统，研究激光出纤功率和脉宽对测量长度和测量精度的影响，从而获得能满足不同光纤链路测量需求的OTDR系统解决方案。文章在具体描述了光时域反射仪的工作机理以及影响其主要性能的关键参数的基础上，提出以设计能提供大功率、窄脉冲电流信号的激光驱动电源作为提高OTDR性能的主要手段。在掌握半导体激光驱动原理的基础上，经过细致地比较与方案论证提出以 MOSFET作为激光脉冲驱动电源的开关器件，以能量储存法作为窄脉冲产生机制的脉冲电源设计方案，设计实现基于FPGA的触发脉冲信号，并通过 Multisim对系统硬件电路仿真优化，实现激光脉冲驱动大功率、窄脉宽输出。以雪崩二极管作为光电探测系统关键响应转换器件验证驱动电源性能，并完成光纤测距。最终成功研制出一套基于纳秒脉冲激光和对应光电探测系统的OTDR系统，并进行了实际测试测试和研究结果显示：所研制的脉冲激光电源能输出的最小脉宽为33n，最小输出峰值电流为1A，且峰值电流及频率大小可调。大电流窄脉宽驱动电源信号输出可极大地增强光时域反射仪的动态范围以及分辨率，探测器分时调控测量技术可以极大地提高系统的测量精度和信噪比。
上传时间： 2022-03-11
上传用户：
光学相干层析（OPTICAL Coherence Tomography，OCT成像方法具有高分辨率，非接触，无损伤等优点，应用前景十分广阔。但其实用性受到成像速度和稳定性的限制，而成像速度和稳定性主要是受到扫描方式的限制，采用频域快扫描延迟线可以解决这些问題。本裸题研究日的是为基于频域快扫描延迟线的不同用途的光学相干层析成像系统中的信号探测电路设计提供理论依据和设计范例，为光学相干层析成像产业化提供参考依据。本文的研究内容主要包括以下几个方面：（1）研制基于颚域快扫描延迟线参考臂的实用型OCT系统，在理论分析基础上给出实际OCT系统中信号探测电路主要参数计算依据。（2）通过设计用于高散射介质成像的光源中心波长为1310nm的OCT系统信号探测电路，给出高分辨率，高信噪比OCT系统信号探测电路设计。（3）通过设计用于高吸收介质成像的光源中心波长为820mm的快速OCT系统信号探测电路，给出高成像速度OCT系统信号探测电路设计（4）对OCT系统进行测试，对不同样品成像，验证设计的信号探测电路能够工作。本文中由理论分析得到采用频域快扫描延迟线的OCT系统信号主要参数的计算公式为探测电路设计提供了理论依据：两套OCT系统信号探测电路设计及实现不仅为OCT珠宝（珍珠）检测和眼科检测的实际应用提供可行性，同时还对不同用途、不回性能侧重点的OCT系统信号探测电路设计具有一定的参考价值。关键词光学相干层析：快扫描延迟线：光电探测：电路设计
上传时间： 2022-03-14
上传用户：shjgzh
本文首次设计并验证了基于macom三合一芯片设计的光模块电路,该电路旨在提供一种满足SFF-8472中规定的数字诊断功能的低成本SFP+模块。电路采用激光器驱动、限幅放大器、控制器以及时钟恢复单元集成的单芯片,在保证高精度数字诊断功能基础上,实现了低成本高可靠的特点。该电路在光接收接口组件与激光器驱动和限幅放大器单元的限幅放大器部分之间接入滤波器来提高模块的灵敏度及信号质量。在控制器单元的数字电位器的引脚上采用外加电阻的方式避免出现上电不发光的故障问题。该研究结果为下一代SFP-DD光模块设计与开发工作,奠定了一定的理论与实践基础。This paper designs and validates the OPTICAL module circuit based on the MACOM Trinity chip for the first time.This circuit aims to provide a low-cost SFP module which meets the digital diagnosis function specified in SFF-8472.The circuit uses a single chip integrated with laser driver,limiting amplifier,controller and clock recovery unit.On the basis of ensuring high precision digital diagnosis function,it achieves the characteristics of low cost and high reliability.The circuit connects a filter between the OPTICAL receiving interface module and the limiting amplifier part of the laser driver and limiting amplifier unit to improve the sensitivity and signal quality of the module.The pin of the digital potentiometer in the controller unit is equipped with an external resistance to avoid the problem of power failure.The research results lay a theoretical and practical foundation for OPTICAL module design in high-speed data center.
上传时间： 2022-04-03
上传用户：
1. 文档概述1.1. 文档目的本文档描述对SPI-4.2 协议的理解，从浅入深地详细讲解规范。1.2. SPI-4.2 简介SPI-4.2 协议的全称为System Packet Interface ，可译为“系统包接口” 。该协议由OIF（ OPTICAL Internetwoking Forum ）创建，用于规定10Gbps 带宽应用下的物理层（ PHY）和链路层（ Link ）之间的接口标准。SPI-4.2 是一个支持多通道的包或信元传输的接口，主要应用于OC-192 ATM 或PoS 的带宽汇聚、及10G 以太网应用中。1.3. 参考资料1) SPI-4.2 协议的标准文档。2) 中兴公司对SPI-4.2 协议文档的翻译稿。2. SPI-4.2 协议2.1. SPI-4.2 系统参考模型图 1 SPI-4.2 系统参考模型图X:\ 学习笔记\SPI-4.2 协议详解.doc - 1 - 创建时间： 2011-5-27 21:53:00田园风光书屋NB0005 v1.1 SPI-4.2 协议详解SPI-4.2 是一种物理层和链路层之间的支持多通道的数据包传输协议，其系统参考模型如上图所示，从链路层至物理层的数据方向，称为“发送”方向，从物理层至链路层的数据方向，称为“接收”方向。在两个方向上，都存在着流控机制。值得注意的是， SPI-4.2 是一种支持多通道（ Port）的传输协议。一个通道，指接收或发送方向上，相互传输数据的一对关联的实体。有很多对关联的实体，即很多个通道，都在同时传输数据，它们可复用SPI 总线。最多可支持256 个通道。例如OC-192 的192 个STS-1 通道，快速以太网中的100 个通道等， 各个通道的数据都可以相互独立地复用在SPI总线上传输。
标签： SPI-4.2协议
上传时间： 2022-06-19
上传用户：
