这一颗，我们学习如何让跑马灯自动按照我们预定的顺序进行。这种控制在工控场合经常用到。这个程序里，我们预先定义了一个变化的顺序speedcode，每跑一圈灯就根据预定设置的表格数据来决定下一圈的跑马速度。这样我们就实现了按照预定的顺序自动变化运行。请看代码：-----------------------------------#define uchar unsigned char //定义一下方便使用#define uint unsigned int#define ulong unsigned long#include <reg52.h> //包括一个52 标准内核的头文件sbit P10 = P1^0; //头文件中没有定义的IO 就要自己来定义了sbit P11 = P1^1;sbit P12 = P1^2;sbit P13 = P1^3;bit ldelay=0; //长定时溢出标记,预置是0uchar speed=10; //设置一个变量保存跑马灯的移动速度uchar code speedcode[10]={3,1,5,12,3,20,2,10,1,4}; //10 个预定义的速度char code dx516[3] _at_ 0x003b;//这是为了仿真设置的//可编程自动控制跑马灯void main(void) // 主程序{uchar code ledp[4]={0xfe,0xfd,0xfb,0xf7};//预定的写入P1 的值uchar ledi; //用来指示显示顺序uchar i;RCAP2H =0x10; //赋T2 的预置值0x1000，溢出30 次就是1 秒钟RCAP2L =0x00;TR2=1; //启动定时器ET2=1; //打开定时器2 中断EA=1; //打开总中断
上传时间： 2013-11-20
上传用户：ming529
All inputs of the C16x family have Schmitt-Trigger input characteristics. These Schmitt-Triggers are intended to always provide proper internal low and high levels, even if anundefined voltage level (between TTL-VIL and TTL-VIH) is externally applied to the pin.The hysteresis of these inputs, however, is very small, and can not be properly used in anapplication to suppress signal noise, and to shape slow rising/falling input transitions.Thus, it must be taken care that rising/falling input signals pass the undefined area of theTTL-specification between VIL and VIH with a sufficient rise/fall time, as generally usualand specified for TTL components (e.g. 74LS series: gates 1V/us, clock inputs 20V/us).The effect of the implemented Schmitt-Trigger is that even if the input signal remains inthe undefined area, well defined low/high levels are generated internally. Note that allinput signals are evaluated at specific sample points (depending on the input and theperipheral function connected to it), at that signal transitions are detected if twoconsecutive samples show different levels. Thus, only the current level of an input signalat these sample points is relevant, that means, the necessary rise/fall times of the inputsignal is only dependant on the sample rate, that is the distance in time between twoconsecutive evaluation time points. If an input signal, for instance, is sampled throughsoftware every 10us, it is irrelevant, which input level would be seen between thesamples. Thus, it would be allowable for the signal to take 10us to pass through theundefined area. Due to the sample rate of 10us, it is assured that only one sample canoccur while the signal is within the undefined area, and no incorrect transition will bedetected. For inputs which are connected to a peripheral function, e.g. capture inputs, thesample rate is determined by the clock cycle of the peripheral unit. In the case of theCAPCOM unit this means a sample rate of 400ns @ 20MHz CPU clock. This requiresinput signals to pass through the undefined area within these 400ns in order to avoidmultiple capture events.For input signals, which do not provide the required rise/fall times, external circuitry mustbe used to shape the signal transitions.In the attached diagram, the effect of the sample rate is shown. The numbers 1 to 5 in thediagram represent possible sample points. Waveform a) shows the result if the inputsignal transition time through the undefined TTL-level area is less than the time distancebetween the sample points (sampling at 1, 2, 3, and 4). Waveform b) can be the result ifthe sampling is performed more than once within the undefined area (sampling at 1, 2, 5,3, and 4).Sample points:1. Evaluation of the signal clearly results in a low level2. Either a low or a high level can be sampled here. If low is sampled, no transition willbe detected. If the sample results in a high level, a transition is detected, and anappropriate action (e.g. capture) might take place.3. Evaluation here clearly results in a high level. If the previous sample 2) had alreadydetected a high, there is no change. If the previous sample 2) showed a low, atransition from low to high is detected now.
上传时间： 2013-10-23
上传用户：copu
All inputs of the C16x family have Schmitt-Trigger input characteristics. These Schmitt-Triggers are intended to always provide proper internal low and high levels, even if anundefined voltage level (between TTL-VIL and TTL-VIH) is externally applied to the pin.The hysteresis of these inputs, however, is very small, and can not be properly used in anapplication to suppress signal noise, and to shape slow rising/falling input transitions.Thus, it must be taken care that rising/falling input signals pass the undefined area of theTTL-specification between VIL and VIH with a sufficient rise/fall time, as generally usualand specified for TTL components (e.g. 74LS series: gates 1V/us, clock inputs 20V/us).The effect of the implemented Schmitt-Trigger is that even if the input signal remains inthe undefined area, well defined low/high levels are generated internally. Note that allinput signals are evaluated at specific sample points (depending on the input and theperipheral function connected to it), at that signal transitions are detected if twoconsecutive samples show different levels. Thus, only the current level of an input signalat these sample points is relevant, that means, the necessary rise/fall times of the inputsignal is only dependant on the sample rate, that is the distance in time between twoconsecutive evaluation time points. If an input signal, for instance, is sampled throughsoftware every 10us, it is irrelevant, which input level would be seen between thesamples. Thus, it would be allowable for the signal to take 10us to pass through theundefined area. Due to the sample rate of 10us, it is assured that only one sample canoccur while the signal is within the undefined area, and no incorrect transition will bedetected. For inputs which are connected to a peripheral function, e.g. capture inputs, thesample rate is determined by the clock cycle of the peripheral unit. In the case of theCAPCOM unit this means a sample rate of 400ns @ 20MHz CPU clock. This requiresinput signals to pass through the undefined area within these 400ns in order to avoidmultiple capture events.
上传时间： 2014-04-02
上传用户：han_zh
//遥控解码子程序，LC7461，用户码为11C//external interrupt0void isr_4(){ unsigned char r_count;//定义解码的个数 unsigned long use_data=0;//定义16位的用户码，只用到13位 unsigned long use_code=0;//定义16位的用户反码，只用到13位 unsigned long data=0;//定义16位数据码，包括8位数据码和反码 unsigned char data_h=0;//数据反码 unsigned char data_l=0;//数据码 _clrwdt();// _delay(7000);//7461解码，延时7000// _delay(7000);//7461解码，延时7000//_delay(7000);//7461解码，延时7000 if(remote==1) goto error; while(remote==0);//wait to high //_delay(9744);count_delay=0; while(count_delay<143); if(remote==1) goto error; /////用户码解码use_data//////////add////////////////////////// for(r_count=13;r_count>0;r_count--) { while(remote==0);//wait to high count_delay=0; while(count_delay<24);//_delay(1680); _c=remote; if(_c==1) { _lrrc(&use_data); count_delay=0; while(count_delay<32);//_delay(2200);//wait to low } else _lrrc(&use_data); } _nop(); //if(remote==1) //_delay(1680);//wait to low while(remote==1);//wait to low _nop(); ////////用户码解码finish/////////add/////////add//////// /////用户码反码解码use_code//////////add////////////////////////// for(r_count=13;r_count>0;r_count--) { while(remote==0);//wait to high count_delay=0; while(count_delay<24);//_delay(1680); _c=remote; if(_c==1) { _lrrc(&use_code); count_delay=0; while(count_delay<32);//_delay(2200);//wait to low } else _lrrc(&use_code); } _nop(); //if(remote==1) // _delay(1680);//wait to low while(remote==1);//wait to low _nop(); ////////用户码反码解码finish/////////add/////////add//////// ////数据码解码开始////data_l为用户码，data_h为数据码反码//////////// for(r_count=16;r_count>0;r_count--) { while(remote==0);//wait to high count_delay=0; while(count_delay<24);//_delay(1680); _c=remote; if(_c==1) { _lrrc(&data); count_delay=0; while(count_delay<32);//_delay(2200);//wait to low } else _lrrc(&data); } ////数据码解码结束//////////////////////////////////////////////// data_l=data; data_h=data>>8; ///用户码////// use_data>>=3; use_code>>=3; use_code=~use_code; //////// ////如果用户码等与0x11c并且数据码和数据反码都校验一致，解码成功 //if((~data_h==data_l)&&use_data==0x11c)//使用用户码 //跳过用户码 if(~data_h==data_l)//如果数据码和数据反码（取反后）相等，解码正确 { _nop(); r_data=data_l;//r_data为解出的最终数据码 } //否则解码不成功 _nop(); _nop();error: //r_data=nocode; _nop(); _nop(); _nop();}
上传时间： 2014-03-27
上传用户：shenlan
16 16点阵显示汉字原理及显示程序 #include "config.h" #define DOTLED_LINE_PORT PORTB #define DOTLED_LINE_DDR DDRB #define DOTLED_LINE_PIN PINB #define DOTLED_LINE_SCKT PB1 #define DOTLED_LINE_SCKH PB5 #define DOTLED_LINE_SDA PB3 #define DOTLED_ROW_PORT PORTC #define DOTLED_ROW_DDR DDRC #define DOTLED_ROW_PIN PINC #define DOTLED_ROW_A0 PC0 #define DOTLED_ROW_A1 PC1 #define DOTLED_ROW_A2 PC2 #define DOTLED_ROW_A3 PC3 #define DOTLED_ROW_E PC4 uint8 font[] = { /*-- 调入了一幅图像：这是您新建的图像 --*/ /*-- 宽度x高度=16x16 --*/ 0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x38,0x18,0x44,0x08,0x44,0x08,0x04,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x10, 0x08,0x20,0x08,0x40,0x08,0x40,0x08,0x40,0x3E,0x7C,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00 }; static void TransmitByte(uint8 byte); static void SelectRow(uint8 row); static void FlipLatchLine(void); static void TransmitByte(uint8 byte) { uint8 i; for(i = 0 ; i < 8 ; i ++) { if(byte & (1 << i)) { DOTLED_LINE_PORT |= _BV(DOTLED_LINE_SDA); } else { DOTLED_LINE_PORT &= ~_BV(DOTLED_LINE_SDA); } //__delay_cycles(100); DOTLED_LINE_PORT |= _BV(DOTLED_LINE_SCKH); //__delay_cycles(100); DOTLED_LINE_PORT &= ~_BV(DOTLED_LINE_SCKH); //__delay_cycles(100); } } static void SelectRow(uint8 row) { //row -= 1; row |= DOTLED_ROW_PIN & 0xe0; DOTLED_ROW_PORT = row; } static void FlipLatchLine(void) { DOTLED_LINE_PORT |= _BV(DOTLED_LINE_SCKT); DOTLED_LINE_PORT &= ~_BV(DOTLED_LINE_SCKT); } void InitDotLedPort(void) { DOTLED_LINE_PORT &= ~(_BV(DOTLED_LINE_SCKT) | _BV(DOTLED_LINE_SCKH)); DOTLED_LINE_PORT |= _BV(DOTLED_LINE_SDA); DOTLED_LINE_DDR |= _BV(DOTLED_LINE_SCKT) | _BV(DOTLED_LINE_SCKH) | _BV(DOTLED_LINE_SDA); DOTLED_ROW_PORT |= 0x1f; DOTLED_ROW_PORT &= 0xf0; DOTLED_ROW_DDR |= 0x1f; } void EnableRow(boolean IsEnable) { if(IsEnable) { DOTLED_ROW_PORT &= ~_BV(DOTLED_ROW_E); } else { DOTLED_ROW_PORT |= _BV(DOTLED_ROW_E); } } void PrintDotLed(uint8 * buffer) { uint8 i , tmp; for(i = 0 ; i < 16 ; i ++) { tmp = *buffer ++; TransmitByte(~tmp); tmp = *buffer ++; TransmitByte(~tmp); SelectRow(i); FlipLatchLine(); } } void main(void) { InitDotLedPort(); EnableRow(TRUE); while(1) { PrintDotLed(font); __delay_cycles(5000); } } //---------------------------------------------------- config.h文件 #ifndef _CONFIG_H #define _CONFIG_H //#define GCCAVR #define CPU_CYCLES 7372800L #ifndef GCCAVR #define _BV(bit) (1 << (bit)) #endif #define MSB 0x80 #define LSB 0x01 #define FALSE 0 #define TRUE 1 typedef unsigned char uint8; typedef unsigned int uint16; typedef unsigned long uint32; typedef unsigned char boolean; #include <ioavr.h> #include <inavr.h> #include "dotled.h" #endif //-----
上传时间： 2013-11-18
上传用户：mnacyf
There has long been a need for portable ultrasoundsystems that have good resolution at affordable costpoints. Portable systems enable healthcare providersto use ultrasound in remote locations such asdisaster zones, developing regions, and battlefields,where it was not previously practical to do so.
上传时间： 2013-10-26
上传用户：liulinshan2010
According to CIBC World Markets, Equity Research, theFlat Panel Display (FPD) industry has achieved sufficientcritical mass for its growth to explode. Thus, it can nowattract the right blend of capital investments and R&Dresources to drive technical innovation toward continuousimprovement in view quality, manufacturing efficiency,and system integration. These in turn are sustainingconsumer interest, penetration, revenue growth, and thepotential for increasing long-term profitability for industryparticipants. CIBC believes that three essential conditionsare now converging to drive the market forward
上传时间： 2013-10-18
上传用户：日光微澜
在研究传统家用燃气报警器的基础上，以ZigBee协议为平台，构建mesh网状网络实现网络化的智能语音报警系统。由于传感器本身的温度和实际环境温度的影响，传感器标定后采用软件补偿方法。为了减少系统费用，前端节点采用半功能节点设备，路由器和协调器采用全功能节点设备，构建mesh网络所形成的家庭内部报警系统，通过通用的电话接口连接到外部的公用电话网络，启动语音模块进行报警。实验结果表明，在2.4 GHz频率下传输，有墙等障碍物的情况下，节点的传输距离大约为35 m，能够满足家庭需要，且系统工作稳定，但在功耗方面仍需进一步改善。 Abstract: On the basis of studying traditional household gas alarm system, this paper proposed the platform for the ZigBee protocol，and constructed mesh network to achieve network-based intelligent voice alarm system. Because of the sensor temperature and the actual environment temperature, this system design used software compensation after calibrating sensor. In order to reduce system cost, semi-functional node devices were used as front-end node, however, full-function devices were used as routers and coordinator，constructed alarm system within the family by building mesh network，connected to the external public telephone network through the common telephone interface, started the voice alarm module. The results indicate that nodes transmit about 35m in the distance in case of walls and other obstacles by 2.4GHz frequency transmission, this is able to meet family needs and work steadily, but still needs further improvement in power consumption.
上传时间： 2013-10-30
上传用户：swaylong
1.1 我如何决定使用那种整数类型？ 如果需要大数值(大于32, 767 或小于¡32, 767), 使用long 型。否则, 如果空间很重要(如有大数组或很多结构), 使用short 型。除此之外, 就使用int 型。如果严格定义的溢出特征很重要而负值无关紧要, 或者你希望在操作二进制位和字节时避免符号扩展的问题, 请使用对应的无符号类型。但是, 要注意在表达式中混用有符号和无符号值的情况。
上传时间： 2013-11-22
上传用户：ming529
非常好用的西门子授权PLC300编程软件的注机软件,一个工程师传出来的。步骤：安装好Step7V5.4后安装授权:执行Simatic_EKB_InstallSim_EKB_Install_2007_02 _02→Find Key→Select > (打√全部选中) →long key →选择右下角√，然后要等 十来秒钟才有一点反应，就授权成功了。我试验成功，跟大家分享一下。。。
上传时间： 2014-01-20
上传用户：xiaowei314
