ESD is a crucial factor for integrated circuits and influences their quality and reliability. Today Increasingly sensitive processes with deep sub micron structures are developed. The integration of more and more functionality on a single chip and saving of chip area is required. Integrated circuits become more susceptible to ESD/EOS related damages. However, the requirements on ESD robustness especially for automotive applications are Increasing. ESD failures are very often the reason for redesigns. Much research has been conducted by semiconductor manufacturers on ESD robust design.
标签： Guidelines Design Basic ESD
上传时间： 2020-06-05
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In modern societies, the production and trade of goods all around the world is constantly Increasing. The latest technological achievements allow the mass-production of millions of items of every kind, which are being exchanged all around the globe with unprecedented rapidity. At the same time, the problem of identifying, classifying and tracking such a growing multitude of objects is con- sequently arising.
标签： soltions Antenna design RFID tags for
上传时间： 2020-06-08
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In this new edition of the book, only minor changes were made to the original nine chapters but three new chapters treat topics of Increasing interest to GPS users and equipment developers. One topic, improving the GPS receiver sensi- tivity may extend their operations into buildings, which is becoming important for emergency rescue and urban warfare.
标签： Fundamentals_of_Global_Positionin g_System
上传时间： 2020-06-09
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近年来反季节种植已成火热趋势,温室大棚的普及十分迅速,而温室大棚对自动化、智能化的要求也越来越迫切,本系统将温室大棚的温湿度、二氧化碳浓度各个方面的检测,通风、浇灌、温度、喷洒农药等各个方面的控制进行综合系统研究,实现温室大棚对自动化、智能化的要求。这一系统是基于单片机控制的智能检测,控制系统包含单片机主控模块、感应检测模块、传感模块,显示、控制模块等[1]。从而提高温室大棚的种植效率,减少劳动力,提高利润等。In recent years,counter-season planting has become a hot trend featuring the rapid popularization of greenhouse and urgent requirement for the automation and intellectualization of greenhouse.This paper offers a comprehensive and systematic study of the monitoring of temperature,humidity and carbon dioxide concentration in the greenhouse and the control of ventilation,irrigation,temperature and pesticide spraying in order to achieve automation and intellectualization in greenhouse.This system is based on the intelligent detection controlled by single chip computer with the control system including the main control module,induction detection module,sensing module,display and control module of single chip computer,which is effective in improving planting efficiency of greenhouse,reducing labor force and Increasing profits.
上传时间： 2022-03-27
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PrefaceDuring the past years, there has been a quickly rising interest in radio access technologies for providingmobile as well as nomadic and fixed services for voice, video, and data. The difference indesign, implementation, and use between telecom and datacom technologies is also becoming moreblurred. One example is cellular technologies from the telecom world being used for broadband dataand wireless LAN from the datacom world being used for voice-over IP.Today, the most widespread radio access technology for mobile communication is digital cellular,with the number of users passing 5 billion by 2010, which is more than half of the world’s population.It has emerged from early deployments of an expensive voice service for a few car-borne users,to today’s widespread use of mobile-communication devices that provide a range of mobile servicesand often include camera, MP3 player, and PDA functions. With this widespread use and Increasinginterest in mobile communication, a continuing evolution ahead is foreseen.This book describes LTE, developed in 3GPP (Third Generation Partnership Project) and providingtrue 4G broadband mobile access, starting from the first version in release 8 and through the continuingevolution to release 10, the latest version of LTE. Release 10, also known as LTE-Advanced,is of particular interest as it is the major technology approved by the ITU as fulfilling the IMTAdvancedrequirements. The description in this book is based on LTE release 10 and thus provides acomplete description of the LTE-Advanced radio access from the bottom up.Chapter 1 gives the background to LTE and its evolution, looking also at the different standardsbodies and organizations involved in the process of defining 4G. It also gives a discussion of the reasonsand driving forces behind the evolution.Chapters 2–6 provide a deeper insight into some of the technologies that are part of LTE and itsevolution. Because of its generic nature, these chapters can be used as a background not only for LTEas described in this book, but also for readers who want to understand the technology behind othersystems, such as WCDMA/HSPA, WiMAX, and CDMA2000.Chapters 7–17 constitute the main part of the book. As a start, an introductory technical overviewof LTE is given, where the most important technology components are introduced based onthe generic technologies described in previous chapters. The following chapters provide a detaileddescription of the protocol structure, the downlink and uplink transmission schemes, and the associatedmechanisms for scheduling, retransmission and interference handling. Broadcast operation andrelaying are also described. This is followed by a discussion of the spectrum flexibility and the associated
上传时间： 2022-07-08
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