文章提出了一种精简指令集8 位单片机中, 算术逻辑单元的工作原理。在此基础上, 对比传统PIC 方案、以及在ALU 内部再次采用流水线作业的332 方案、44 方案, 并用Synopsys 综合工具实现了它们。综合及仿真结果表明, 根据该单片机系统要求, 44 方案速度最高, 比332 方案可提高43.9%, 而面积仅比最小的332 方案增加1.6%。在分析性能差异的根本原因之后, 阐明了该方案的优越性。关键词: 单片机, 精简指令集, 算术逻辑单元, 流水线 Abstract: Work principle for ALU in an 8_bit RISC Singlechip microcomputer is described. The traditional PIC scheme, 332 Pipeline scheme and 44 Pipeline scheme are compared on the base of the principle, which are implemented using Synopsys design tools. Results from synthesis and simulation shows that 44 scheme operates the fast, which is 43.9% faster and only 1.6% larger than 332 scheme. The essential reason why the performance is so different is analyzed.Then the advantage of 44 scheme is clarified.Key words: Singlechip, Microcomputer, RISC, ALU, Pipeline
上传时间： 2013-10-18
上传用户：xiaoyaa
All inputs of the C16x family have Schmitt-Trigger input characteristics. These Schmitt-Triggers are intended to always provide proper internal low and high levels, even if anundefined voltage level (between TTL-VIL and TTL-VIH) is externally applied to the pin.The hysteresis of these inputs, however, is very small, and can not be properly used in anapplication to suppress signal noise, and to shape slow rising/falling input transitions.Thus, it must be taken care that rising/falling input signals pass the undefined area of theTTL-specification between VIL and VIH with a sufficient rise/fall time, as generally usualand specified for TTL components (e.g. 74LS series: gates 1V/us, clock inputs 20V/us).The effect of the implemented Schmitt-Trigger is that even if the input signal remains inthe undefined area, well defined low/high levels are generated internally. Note that allinput signals are evaluated at specific sample points (depending on the input and theperipheral function connected to it), at that signal transitions are detected if twoconsecutive samples show different levels. Thus, only the current level of an input signalat these sample points is relevant, that means, the necessary rise/fall times of the inputsignal is only dependant on the sample rate, that is the distance in time between twoconsecutive evaluation time points. If an input signal, for instance, is sampled throughsoftware every 10us, it is irrelevant, which input level would be seen between thesamples. Thus, it would be allowable for the signal to take 10us to pass through theundefined area. Due to the sample rate of 10us, it is assured that only one sample canoccur while the signal is within the undefined area, and no incorrect transition will bedetected. For inputs which are connected to a peripheral function, e.g. capture inputs, thesample rate is determined by the clock cycle of the peripheral unit. In the case of theCAPCOM unit this means a sample rate of 400ns @ 20MHz CPU clock. This requiresinput signals to pass through the undefined area within these 400ns in order to avoidmultiple capture events.For input signals, which do not provide the required rise/fall times, external circuitry mustbe used to shape the signal transitions.In the attached diagram, the effect of the sample rate is shown. The numbers 1 to 5 in thediagram represent possible sample points. Waveform a) shows the result if the inputsignal transition time through the undefined TTL-level area is less than the time distancebetween the sample points (sampling at 1, 2, 3, and 4). Waveform b) can be the result ifthe sampling is performed more than once within the undefined area (sampling at 1, 2, 5,3, and 4).Sample points:1. Evaluation of the signal clearly results in a low level2. Either a low or a high level can be sampled here. If low is sampled, no transition willbe detected. If the sample results in a high level, a transition is detected, and anappropriate action (e.g. capture) might take place.3. Evaluation here clearly results in a high level. If the previous sample 2) had alreadydetected a high, there is no change. If the previous sample 2) showed a low, atransition from low to high is detected now.
上传时间： 2013-10-23
上传用户：copu
Abstract: This application note explains the hardware of different types of 1-Wire® interfaces and software examples adapted to this hardware with a focus on serial ports. Depending on the types of iButtons required for a project and the type of computer to be used, the most economical interface is easily found. The hardware examples shown are basically two different types: 5V general interface and 12V RS-232 interface. Within the 5V group a common printed circuit board could be used for all circuits described. The variations can be achieved by different populations of components. The same principal is used for the 12V RS-232 interface. The population determines if it is a Read all or a Read/Write all type of interface. There are other possible circuit implementations to create a 1-Wire interface. The circuits described in this application note cover many different configurations. For a custom application, one of the described options can be adapted to meet individual needs.
标签： iButtons Reading Writing and
上传时间： 2013-10-29
上传用户：long14578
pwm research and implementation on mcs-51
标签： implementatio research pwm and
上传时间： 2013-11-23
上传用户：a155166
针对使用硬件描述语言进行设计存在的问题，提出一种基于FPGA并采用DSP Builder作为设计工具的数字信号处理器设计方法。并按照Matlab/Simulink/DSP Builder/QuartusⅡ设计流程，设计了一个12阶FIR 低通数字滤波器，通过Quartus 时序仿真及嵌入式逻辑分析仪SignalTapⅡ硬件测试对设计进行了验证。结果表明，所设计的FIR 滤波器功能正确，性能良好。 Abstract: Aiming at the problems in designing DSP using HDL，a method of designing DSP based on FPGA which using DSP Builder as designed tool is pointed out.A 12-order low-pass FIR digital filter was designed according to the process of Matlab/Simulink/DSP Builder/QuartusⅡ, and the design was verified by the timing simulation based on QuartusⅡand practical test based on SignalTapⅡ. The result shows the designed filter is correct in function and good in performance.
上传时间： 2013-11-17
上传用户：lo25643
在综合分析谐波励磁无刷同步发电机励磁控制系统的基础上,对其励磁控制策略进行了研究,开发了一套基于DSP( TMS320F2812) 控制的新型柴油发电机励磁控制系统,该系统采用参数自适应模糊PID 控制励磁,选用交流采样方式实时检测各信号的瞬时特性,系统仿真结果以及在1 台25 kW 工频柴油发电机上的试验结果证明了该控制器具有较好的电压调节特性,系统稳态和暂态性能完全满足发电机对励磁系统的要求。关键词:励磁调节;模糊PID 控制;数字信号处理器;交流采样 Abstract :According to the general analysis of the excitation cont rol system of the harmonious wave excitation brushless synchronous generator and it s characteristics ,a new type of diesel generator excitation cont rol system based on DSP( TMS320F2812) was designed. An adaptive fuzzy PID cont rol of excitation is used in this system. To detect the t ransient characteristics of the signals in a timely manner ,AC sampling was applied.The system simulation result s and the testing result s f rom a 25 kW diesel generator (50 Hz) can prove that the voltage regulation characteristics of the excitation cont rol system are very well ,and both the steadyOstate performance and the t ransient performance of the generator are also good.Key words :excitation cont rol ;fuzzy PID cont rol ;digital signal processor (DSP) ;AC sampling
上传时间： 2013-10-29
上传用户：fxf126@126.com
摘 要 瞬态仿真领域的许多工作需要获得可视化数据, 仿真电路不能将输出参数绘制成图形时研究工作将受到很大影响. 而权威电路仿真软件PSpice 在这个方面不尽如人意. 本文提出了一种有效的解决办法: 通过MATLAB 编程搭建一个PSpice 与MATLAB 的数据接口,使PSpice输出数据文件可以导入到MATLAB中绘制图形. 这令我们能够很方便地获得数据的规律以有效地分析仿真结果, 这项技术对于教学和工程实践都有比较实际的帮助.关键词: 瞬态仿真 仿真程序 PSpice MATLAB 可视化数据The Data Transfer from Pspice to MATLABWu hao Ning yuanzhong Liang yingAbstract Many works in the area of transient simulation has shown how a emulator such asPSpice can be interfaced to an control analysis package such as MATLAB to get viewdata. Thepaper describes how such interfaces can be made using the MATLAB programming. The platformas a typical platform will solve the problem that PSpice software sometimes can not draw the datato a picture. It can make us find the rule from numerous data very expediently, so we can analyzethe outcome of the simulation. And it also can be used in the field of education.Keywords Transient Simulation Emulator PSpice MATLAB Viewdata1 引言科学研究和工程应用常需要进行电路仿真 PSpice可进行直流 交流 瞬态等基本电路特性分析 也可进行蒙托卡诺 MC 统计分析 最坏情况 Wcase 分析 优化设计等复杂电路特性分析 它是国际上仿真电路的权威软件 而MATLAB的主要特点有 高效方便的矩阵和数组运算 编程效率高 结构化面向对象 方便的绘图功能 用户使用方便 工具箱功能强大 两者各有着重点 两种软件结合应用 对研究工作有很重要的意义香港理工大学Y. S. LEE 等人首先将PSpice和MATLAB结合 开发了电力电子电路优化用的CAD 程序MATSPICE[6] 将两者相结合的关键在于 如何用MATLAB 获取PSpice的仿真数据 对此参考文献 6 里没有详细叙述 本文着重说明用MATLAB 读取PSpice仿真数据的具体方法本论文利用MATLAB对PSpice仿真出的数据处理绘制出后者无法得到或是效果不好的仿真图形 下面就两者结合使用的例子 进行具体说明
上传时间： 2013-10-20
上传用户：wuchunzhong
The LogiCORE™ GTP Wizard automates the task of creating HDL wrappers to configure the high-speed serial GTP transceivers in Virtex™-5 LXT and SXT devices. The menu-driven interface allows one or more GTP transceivers to be configured using pre-definedtemplates for popular industry standards, or from scratch, to support a wide variety of custom protocols.The Wizard produces a wrapper, an example design, and a testbench for rapid integration and verification of the serial interface with your custom function Features• Creates customized HDL wrappers to configureVirtex-5 RocketIO™ GTP transceivers• Users can configure Virtex-5 GTP transceivers toconform to industry standard protocols usingpredefined templates, or tailor the templates forcustom protocols• Included protocol templates provide support for thefollowing specifications: Aurora, CPRI, FibreChannel 1x, Gigabit Ethernet, HD-SDI, OBSAI,OC3, OC12, OC48, PCI Express® (PCIe®), SATA,SATA II, and XAUI• Automatically configures analog settings• Each custom wrapper includes example design, testbench; and both implementation and simulation scripts
标签： Transceiver Virtex Wizar GTP
上传时间： 2013-10-23
上传用户：leyesome
针对飞行模拟器座舱数据采集的复杂性，设计了一种基于以太网分布式的数据采集控制系统，该系统是RCM5700微处理器模块上的以太网应用。在系统的基础上具体讨论了PoE技术的应用，在传输数据的网线上同时提供电流，提出并实现了一种包括辅助电源在内的完整可靠的PoE供电方案。设计采用美国国家半导体的LM5073和LM5576并根据不同的负载情况，进行稳定可靠的电压转换，以满足数据采集电路的要求。实验结果表明：该设计稳定可靠，满足低于13 W的采集节点供电要求，提高了模拟器信号采集系统的通用性和标准化程度，避免了以往数据采集节点单独繁琐的电源设计。 Abstract: Aiming at the complexity of large avion simulation and controlling，the simulator cabin distribute data collecting and control system was designed. This system is the application of RCM5700 on Ethernet. Based on this system，PoE technique that makes Ethernet can also provide power were expounded with emphasis and included FAUX design the PoE resolution was realized. To achieve the requirement of this system，LM5073 and LM5576 were used to DC-DC switch. From the data of experiment，the design filled the requirement of power-need of node whose power was lower than 13W. The application of the technique can advance the degree of simulation data collections currency and standardization and avoid designing additional power system.
上传时间： 2013-11-09
上传用户：xyipie
W-RXM2013基于高性能ASK无线超外差射频接收芯片 设计，是一款完整的、体积小巧的、低功耗的无线接 收模块。 模块采用超高性价比ISM频段接收芯片设计 主要设定为315MHz-433MHz频段，标准传输速率下接 收灵敏度可达到-115dbm。并且具有行业内同类方案W-RXM2013 Micrel、SYNOXO、PTC等知名品牌的芯片所不具备的超强抗干扰能力。外围省去10.7M的中频 器件模块将芯片的使能脚引出，可作休眠唤醒控制，也可通过电阻跳线设置使能置高控制。 本公司推出该款模块力求解决客户开发产品过程中无线射频部分的成本压力，为客户提供 性能卓越价格优势突出的电子组件。模块接口采用金手指方式,方便生产及应用。天线输入部 分可以将接收天线焊接在模块上面，也可以通过接口转接至客户主机板上，应用非常灵活。 优势应用：机电控制板、电源控制板、高低温环境数据监测等复杂条件下 的控制指令的无线传输。 1.1 基本特性 λ ●省电模式下，低电流损耗 ●方便投入应用 ●高效的串行编程接口 ●工作温度范围：﹣40℃～＋85℃ ●工作电压：2.4~ 5.5 Volts. ●有效频率：250-348Mhz, 400-464Mhz ●灵敏度高（-115dbm）、功耗低在3.5mA@315MHz应用下 ●待机电流小于1uA，系统唤醒时间5ms（RF Input Power=-60dbm）
上传时间： 2013-10-08
上传用户：dapangxie
