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  • IC智能卡失效机理研究

    摘要:IC智能卡使用过程中出现的密码校验失效、数据丢失、应用区不能读写等一系列失效和可靠性问题,严重影响了其在社会生活各领域的广泛应用.分析研究了IC智能卡芯片碎裂、引线键合断裂、静电放电损伤等失效模式和失效机理,并结合IC卡制造工艺和失效IC卡的分析实例,对引起这些失效的根本原因作了深入探讨,就提升制造成品率、改善可靠性提出应对措施.关键词:IC卡;薄/超薄芯片;碎裂;键合

    标签: IC智能卡 失效机理

    上传时间: 2013-11-09

    上传用户:wangjg

  • 合成孔径激光雷达中微弱信号噪声分析与处理

    关于合成孔径激光雷达中微弱光电信号的检测技术,分析了PIN光电二极管的主要噪声来源,设计了偏置电路和滤波电路;鉴于高频效应的影响,合理使用电磁屏蔽等措施。

    标签: 合成孔径 激光雷达 微弱信号 噪声分析

    上传时间: 2014-12-30

    上传用户:thinode

  • 胶带输送机跑偏原因分析及对策

    对火力发电厂输煤系统胶带输送机跑偏原因进行了分析,并从安装和检修的角度,提出了防止输送带跑偏的措施和纠正跑偏的步骤及方法。

    标签: 胶带输送机

    上传时间: 2013-10-22

    上传用户:jeffery

  • 三菱电机可视化整合制胜原动力

    目前,制造业所处的环境正在发生显著的变化。伴随着激烈的价格竞争与提高顾客满意度的需求,不仅需要提高生产力、提高质量、提高成品率,生产现场还需要能够应对迅速变化的措施。 一直以来,三菱电机作为FA产品综合制造商,致力于提高机器、设备的功能和性能,为客户提供多样化的产品。而根据实际结果和经验找出生产现场中潜在的问题、并实施变革,这才是今后的使命。

    标签: 三菱电机 可视化 动力

    上传时间: 2014-12-31

    上传用户:xiaodu1124

  • 差分线对的PCB设计要点

      信号完整性是高速数字系统中要解决的一个首要问题之一,如何在高速PCB 设计过程中充分考虑信号完整性因素,并采取有效的控制措施,已经成为当今系统设计能否成功的关键。在这方面,差分线对具有很多优势,比如更高的比特率 ,更低的功耗 ,更好的噪声性能和更稳定的可靠性等。目前,差分线对在高速数字电路设计中的应用越来越广泛,电路中最关键的信号往往都要采用差分线对设计。介绍了差分线对在PCB 设计中的一些要点,并给出具体设计方案。

    标签: PCB 差分线

    上传时间: 2013-10-26

    上传用户:lps11188

  • 高速PCB设计误区与对策

    理论研究和实践都表明,对高速电子系统而言,成功的PCB设计是解决系统EMC问题的重要措施之一.为了满足EMC标准的要求,高速PCB设计正面临新的挑战,在高速PCB设计中,设计者需要纠正或放弃一些传统PCB设计思想与做法,从应用的角度出发,结合近年来高速PCB设计技术的一些研究成果,探讨了目前高速PCB设计中的若干误区与对策.

    标签: PCB

    上传时间: 2013-11-10

    上传用户:flg0001

  • 抑制△I噪声的PCB设计方法

    抑制△I 噪声一般需要从多方面着手, 但通过PCB 设计抑制△I 噪声是有效的措施之一。如何通过PCB 设计抑制△I 噪声是一个亟待深入研究的问题。在对△I 噪声的产生、特点、主要危害等研究的基础上, 讨论了辐射干扰机理, 重点结合PCB 和EMC 研究的新进展, 研究了抑制△I 噪声的PCB 设计方法。对通过PCB 设计抑制△I 噪声的研究与应用具有指导作用。

    标签: PCB 设计方法

    上传时间: 2013-11-18

    上传用户:wweqas

  • PCB抗干扰技术实现方案

    简要叙述了影响印制板抗干扰性能的几个因素,对这些因素进行了理论分析,提出了印制板制作过程中应采取的措施。  

    标签: PCB 抗干扰技术 实现方案

    上传时间: 2013-11-24

    上传用户:shengyj12345

  • 信号完整性知识基础(pdf)

    现代的电子设计和芯片制造技术正在飞速发展,电子产品的复杂度、时钟和总线频率等等都呈快速上升趋势,但系统的电压却不断在减小,所有的这一切加上产品投放市场的时间要求给设计师带来了前所未有的巨大压力。要想保证产品的一次性成功就必须能预见设计中可能出现的各种问题,并及时给出合理的解决方案,对于高速的数字电路来说,最令人头大的莫过于如何确保瞬时跳变的数字信号通过较长的一段传输线,还能完整地被接收,并保证良好的电磁兼容性,这就是目前颇受关注的信号完整性(SI)问题。本章就是围绕信号完整性的问题,让大家对高速电路有个基本的认识,并介绍一些相关的基本概念。 第一章 高速数字电路概述.....................................................................................51.1 何为高速电路...............................................................................................51.2 高速带来的问题及设计流程剖析...............................................................61.3 相关的一些基本概念...................................................................................8第二章 传输线理论...............................................................................................122.1 分布式系统和集总电路.............................................................................122.2 传输线的RLCG 模型和电报方程...............................................................132.3 传输线的特征阻抗.....................................................................................142.3.1 特性阻抗的本质.................................................................................142.3.2 特征阻抗相关计算.............................................................................152.3.3 特性阻抗对信号完整性的影响.........................................................172.4 传输线电报方程及推导.............................................................................182.5 趋肤效应和集束效应.................................................................................232.6 信号的反射.................................................................................................252.6.1 反射机理和电报方程.........................................................................252.6.2 反射导致信号的失真问题.................................................................302.6.2.1 过冲和下冲.....................................................................................302.6.2.2 振荡:.............................................................................................312.6.3 反射的抑制和匹配.............................................................................342.6.3.1 串行匹配.........................................................................................352.6.3.1 并行匹配.........................................................................................362.6.3.3 差分线的匹配.................................................................................392.6.3.4 多负载的匹配.................................................................................41第三章 串扰的分析...............................................................................................423.1 串扰的基本概念.........................................................................................423.2 前向串扰和后向串扰.................................................................................433.3 后向串扰的反射.........................................................................................463.4 后向串扰的饱和.........................................................................................463.5 共模和差模电流对串扰的影响.................................................................483.6 连接器的串扰问题.....................................................................................513.7 串扰的具体计算.........................................................................................543.8 避免串扰的措施.........................................................................................57第四章 EMI 抑制....................................................................................................604.1 EMI/EMC 的基本概念..................................................................................604.2 EMI 的产生..................................................................................................614.2.1 电压瞬变.............................................................................................614.2.2 信号的回流.........................................................................................624.2.3 共模和差摸EMI ..................................................................................634.3 EMI 的控制..................................................................................................654.3.1 屏蔽.....................................................................................................654.3.1.1 电场屏蔽.........................................................................................654.3.1.2 磁场屏蔽.........................................................................................674.3.1.3 电磁场屏蔽.....................................................................................674.3.1.4 电磁屏蔽体和屏蔽效率.................................................................684.3.2 滤波.....................................................................................................714.3.2.1 去耦电容.........................................................................................714.3.2.3 磁性元件.........................................................................................734.3.3 接地.....................................................................................................744.4 PCB 设计中的EMI.......................................................................................754.4.1 传输线RLC 参数和EMI ........................................................................764.4.2 叠层设计抑制EMI ..............................................................................774.4.3 电容和接地过孔对回流的作用.........................................................784.4.4 布局和走线规则.................................................................................79第五章 电源完整性理论基础...............................................................................825.1 电源噪声的起因及危害.............................................................................825.2 电源阻抗设计.............................................................................................855.3 同步开关噪声分析.....................................................................................875.3.1 芯片内部开关噪声.............................................................................885.3.2 芯片外部开关噪声.............................................................................895.3.3 等效电感衡量SSN ..............................................................................905.4 旁路电容的特性和应用.............................................................................925.4.1 电容的频率特性.................................................................................935.4.3 电容的介质和封装影响.....................................................................955.4.3 电容并联特性及反谐振.....................................................................955.4.4 如何选择电容.....................................................................................975.4.5 电容的摆放及Layout ........................................................................99第六章 系统时序.................................................................................................1006.1 普通时序系统...........................................................................................1006.1.1 时序参数的确定...............................................................................1016.1.2 时序约束条件...................................................................................1066.2 源同步时序系统.......................................................................................1086.2.1 源同步系统的基本结构...................................................................1096.2.2 源同步时序要求...............................................................................110第七章 IBIS 模型................................................................................................1137.1 IBIS 模型的由来...................................................................................... 1137.2 IBIS 与SPICE 的比较.............................................................................. 1137.3 IBIS 模型的构成...................................................................................... 1157.4 建立IBIS 模型......................................................................................... 1187.4 使用IBIS 模型......................................................................................... 1197.5 IBIS 相关工具及链接..............................................................................120第八章 高速设计理论在实际中的运用.............................................................1228.1 叠层设计方案...........................................................................................1228.2 过孔对信号传输的影响...........................................................................1278.3 一般布局规则...........................................................................................1298.4 接地技术...................................................................................................1308.5 PCB 走线策略............................................................................................134

    标签: 信号完整性

    上传时间: 2013-11-01

    上传用户:xitai

  • 高速PCB基础理论及内存仿真技术(经典推荐)

    第一部分 信号完整性知识基础.................................................................................5第一章 高速数字电路概述.....................................................................................51.1 何为高速电路...............................................................................................51.2 高速带来的问题及设计流程剖析...............................................................61.3 相关的一些基本概念...................................................................................8第二章 传输线理论...............................................................................................122.1 分布式系统和集总电路.............................................................................122.2 传输线的RLCG 模型和电报方程...............................................................132.3 传输线的特征阻抗.....................................................................................142.3.1 特性阻抗的本质.................................................................................142.3.2 特征阻抗相关计算.............................................................................152.3.3 特性阻抗对信号完整性的影响.........................................................172.4 传输线电报方程及推导.............................................................................182.5 趋肤效应和集束效应.................................................................................232.6 信号的反射.................................................................................................252.6.1 反射机理和电报方程.........................................................................252.6.2 反射导致信号的失真问题.................................................................302.6.2.1 过冲和下冲.....................................................................................302.6.2.2 振荡:.............................................................................................312.6.3 反射的抑制和匹配.............................................................................342.6.3.1 串行匹配.........................................................................................352.6.3.1 并行匹配.........................................................................................362.6.3.3 差分线的匹配.................................................................................392.6.3.4 多负载的匹配.................................................................................41第三章 串扰的分析...............................................................................................423.1 串扰的基本概念.........................................................................................423.2 前向串扰和后向串扰.................................................................................433.3 后向串扰的反射.........................................................................................463.4 后向串扰的饱和.........................................................................................463.5 共模和差模电流对串扰的影响.................................................................483.6 连接器的串扰问题.....................................................................................513.7 串扰的具体计算.........................................................................................543.8 避免串扰的措施.........................................................................................57第四章 EMI 抑制....................................................................................................604.1 EMI/EMC 的基本概念..................................................................................604.2 EMI 的产生..................................................................................................614.2.1 电压瞬变.............................................................................................614.2.2 信号的回流.........................................................................................624.2.3 共模和差摸EMI ..................................................................................634.3 EMI 的控制..................................................................................................654.3.1 屏蔽.....................................................................................................654.3.1.1 电场屏蔽.........................................................................................654.3.1.2 磁场屏蔽.........................................................................................674.3.1.3 电磁场屏蔽.....................................................................................674.3.1.4 电磁屏蔽体和屏蔽效率.................................................................684.3.2 滤波.....................................................................................................714.3.2.1 去耦电容.........................................................................................714.3.2.3 磁性元件.........................................................................................734.3.3 接地.....................................................................................................744.4 PCB 设计中的EMI.......................................................................................754.4.1 传输线RLC 参数和EMI ........................................................................764.4.2 叠层设计抑制EMI ..............................................................................774.4.3 电容和接地过孔对回流的作用.........................................................784.4.4 布局和走线规则.................................................................................79第五章 电源完整性理论基础...............................................................................825.1 电源噪声的起因及危害.............................................................................825.2 电源阻抗设计.............................................................................................855.3 同步开关噪声分析.....................................................................................875.3.1 芯片内部开关噪声.............................................................................885.3.2 芯片外部开关噪声.............................................................................895.3.3 等效电感衡量SSN ..............................................................................905.4 旁路电容的特性和应用.............................................................................925.4.1 电容的频率特性.................................................................................935.4.3 电容的介质和封装影响.....................................................................955.4.3 电容并联特性及反谐振.....................................................................955.4.4 如何选择电容.....................................................................................975.4.5 电容的摆放及Layout ........................................................................99第六章 系统时序.................................................................................................1006.1 普通时序系统...........................................................................................1006.1.1 时序参数的确定...............................................................................1016.1.2 时序约束条件...................................................................................1063.2 高速设计的问题.......................................................................................2093.3 SPECCTRAQuest SI Expert 的组件.......................................................2103.3.1 SPECCTRAQuest Model Integrity .................................................2103.3.2 SPECCTRAQuest Floorplanner/Editor .........................................2153.3.3 Constraint Manager .......................................................................2163.3.4 SigXplorer Expert Topology Development Environment .......2233.3.5 SigNoise 仿真子系统......................................................................2253.3.6 EMControl .........................................................................................2303.3.7 SPECCTRA Expert 自动布线器.......................................................2303.4 高速设计的大致流程...............................................................................2303.4.1 拓扑结构的探索...............................................................................2313.4.2 空间解决方案的探索.......................................................................2313.4.3 使用拓扑模板驱动设计...................................................................2313.4.4 时序驱动布局...................................................................................2323.4.5 以约束条件驱动设计.......................................................................2323.4.6 设计后分析.......................................................................................233第四章 SPECCTRAQUEST SIGNAL EXPLORER 的进阶运用..........................................2344.1 SPECCTRAQuest Signal Explorer 的功能包括:................................2344.2 图形化的拓扑结构探索...........................................................................2344.3 全面的信号完整性(Signal Integrity)分析.......................................2344.4 完全兼容 IBIS 模型...............................................................................2344.5 PCB 设计前和设计的拓扑结构提取.......................................................2354.6 仿真设置顾问...........................................................................................2354.7 改变设计的管理.......................................................................................2354.8 关键技术特点...........................................................................................2364.8.1 拓扑结构探索...................................................................................2364.8.2 SigWave 波形显示器........................................................................2364.8.3 集成化的在线分析(Integration and In-process Analysis) .236第五章 部分特殊的运用...............................................................................2375.1 Script 指令的使用..................................................................................2375.2 差分信号的仿真.......................................................................................2435.3 眼图模式的使用.......................................................................................249第四部分:HYPERLYNX 仿真工具使用指南............................................................251第一章 使用LINESIM 进行前仿真.......................................................................2511.1 用LineSim 进行仿真工作的基本方法...................................................2511.2 处理信号完整性原理图的具体问题.......................................................2591.3 在LineSim 中如何对传输线进行设置...................................................2601.4 在LineSim 中模拟IC 元件.....................................................................2631.5 在LineSim 中进行串扰仿真...................................................................268第二章 使用BOARDSIM 进行后仿真......................................................................2732.1 用BOARDSIM 进行后仿真工作的基本方法...................................................2732.2 BoardSim 的进一步介绍..........................................................................2922.3 BoardSim 中的串扰仿真..........................................................................309

    标签: PCB 内存 仿真技术

    上传时间: 2013-11-07

    上传用户:aa7821634