带中文字库的128X64是一种具有4位/8位并行、2线或3线串行多种接口方式,内部含有国标一级、二级简体中文字库的点阵图形液晶显示模块;其显示分辨率为128×64, 内置8192个16*16点汉字,和128个16*8点ASCII字符集.利用该模块灵活的接口方式和简单、方便的操作指令,可构成全中文人机交互图形界面。可以显示8×4行16×16点阵的汉字. 也可完成图形显示.低电压低功耗是其又一显著特点。由该模块构成的液晶显示方案与同类型的图形点阵液晶显示模块相比,不论硬件电路结构或显示程序都要简洁得多,且该模块的价格也略低于相同点阵的图形液晶模块。 基本特性: 低电源电压(VDD:+3.0--+5.5V) 显示分辨率:128×64点 内置汉字字库,提供8192个16×16点阵汉字(简繁体可选) 内置 128个16×8点阵字符 2MHZ时钟频率 显示方式:STN、半透、正显 驱动方式:1/32DUTY,1/5BIAS 视角方向:6点 背光方式:侧部高亮白色LED,功耗仅为普通LED的1/5—1/10 通讯方式:串行、并口可选 内置DC-DC转换电路,无需外加负压 无需片选信号,简化软件设计 工作温度: 0℃ - +55℃ ,存储温度: -20℃ - +60℃ 12864(带字库汉字显示演示程序) ;*************************************************************************** ;* sxj1974@163.com (51c51 test web) www.8951.com * ;* Create by :石学军 www.51c51.com 更多例程请登陆网站 * ;*************************************************************************** RS EQU P2.0 RW EQU P2.1 E EQU P2.2 PSB EQU P2.3 RST EQU P2.5 ;----------------------------------------------- LCD_X EQU 30H LCD_Y EQU 31H COUNT EQU 32H COUNT1 EQU 33H COUNT2 EQU 34H COUNT3 EQU 35H ;----------------------------------------------- LCD_DATA EQU 36H LCD_DATA1 EQU 37H LCD_DATA2 EQU 38H STORE EQU 39H ;----------------------------------------------- ORG 0000H LJMP MAIN ORG 0100H ;----------------------------------------------- MAIN: MOV SP,#5FH CLR RST ;复位 LCALL DELAY4 SETB RST NOP SETB PSB ;通讯方式为8位数据并口 ;********************初始化********************** LGS0: MOV A,#34H ;34H--扩充指令操作 LCALL SEND_I MOV A,#30H ;30H--基本指令操作 LCALL SEND_I MOV A,#01H ;清除显示 LCALL SEND_I MOV A,#06H ;指定在资料写入或读取时,光标的移动方向 LCALL SEND_I ;DDRAM 的地址计数器(AC)加1 MOV A,#0CH ;开显示,关光标,不闪烁 LCALL SEND_I ;=============================================== TU_PLAY1: MOV DPTR,#TU_TAB1 ;显示图形 LCALL PHO_DISP LCALL DELAY3 ;================================================= ;;显示汉字和字符 ;加入80ms的延时,使你能够看清楚显示的过程 ;根据汉字显示坐标分段写入(顺序写入) ;================================================= HAN_WR2: LCALL CLEAR_P HAN_WR2A: MOV DPTR,#TAB1A ;显示汉字和字符 MOV COUNT,#10H ;地址计数器设为16。 MOV A,#80H ;第一行起始地址 LCALL SEND_I LCALL QUSHU HAN_WR2B: MOV DPTR,#TAB1B ;显示汉字和字符 MOV COUNT,#10H ;地址计数器设为16。 MOV A,#90H ;第二行起始地址 LCALL SEND_I LCALL QUSHU HAN_WR2C: MOV DPTR,#TAB1C ;显示汉字和字符 MOV COUNT,#10H ;地址计数器设为16。 MOV A,#88H ;第三行起始地址 LCALL SEND_I LCALL QUSHU HAN_WR2D: MOV DPTR,#TAB1D ;显示汉字和字符 MOV COUNT,#10H ;地址计数器设为16。 MOV A,#98H ;第四行起始地址 LCALL SEND_I LCALL QUSHU LCALL DELAY3 LCALL FLASH LCALL CLEAR_P JMP TU_PLAY2 ;---------------------------------------------- ;TU_PLAY1: MOV DPTR,#TU_TAB1 ;显示图形 LCALL PHO_DISP LCALL DELAY3 ;---------------------------------------------- TU_PLAY2: MOV DPTR,#TU_TAB2 ;显示图形 LCALL PHO_DISP LCALL DELAY3 ;---------------------------------------------- TU_PLAY3: MOV DPTR,#TU_TAB4 ;显示图形 LCALL PHO_DISP LCALL DELAY3 ;----------------------------------------------- ;显示点阵 ;----------------------------------------------- LATPLAY1: MOV A,#01H ;清屏 LCALL SEND_I MOV LCD_DATA1,#0CCH ;显示点阵 MOV LCD_DATA2,#0CCH LCALL LAT_DISP LCALL DELAY3 LCALL CLEAR_P KU_PLAY2: LJMP TU_PLAY1 ;=============================================== ;全屏显示图形子程序 ;=============================================== PHO_DISP: MOV COUNT3,#02H MOV LCD_X,#80H PHO_DISP1: MOV LCD_Y,#80H MOV COUNT2,#20H PHO_DISP2: MOV COUNT1,#10H LCALL WR_ZB PHO_DISP3: CLR A MOVC A,@A+DPTR LCALL SEND_D INC DPTR DJNZ COUNT1,PHO_DISP3 INC LCD_Y DJNZ COUNT2,PHO_DISP2 MOV LCD_X,#88H DJNZ COUNT3,PHO_DISP1 MOV A,#36H LCALL SEND_I MOV A,#30H LCALL SEND_I RET ;---------------------------------------------- CLRRAM: MOV LCD_DATA1,#00H ;GDRAM写0子程序 MOV LCD_DATA2,#00H LCALL LAT_DISP RET ;============================================== ;显示点阵子程序 ;============================================== LAT_DISP: MOV COUNT3,#02H MOV LCD_X,#80H LAT_DISP1: MOV LCD_Y,#80H CLR F0 MOV COUNT2,#20H LAT_DISP2: MOV COUNT1,#10H LCALL WR_ZB LAT_DISP3: JB F0,LAT_DISP32 MOV LCD_DATA,LCD_DATA1 AJMP LAT_DISP31 LAT_DISP32: MOV LCD_DATA,LCD_DATA2 LAT_DISP31: MOV A,LCD_DATA LCALL SEND_D DJNZ COUNT1,LAT_DISP31 INC LCD_Y CPL F0 DJNZ COUNT2,LAT_DISP2 MOV LCD_X,#88H DJNZ COUNT3,LAT_DISP1 MOV A,#36H LCALL SEND_I MOV A,#30H LCALL SEND_I RET ;--------------------------------------------- WR_ZB: MOV A,#34H LCALL SEND_I MOV A,LCD_Y LCALL SEND_I MOV A,LCD_X LCALL SEND_I MOV A,#30H LCALL SEND_I RET ;=============================================== FLASH: MOV A,#08H ;关闭显示 LCALL SEND_I LCALL DELAY5 MOV A,#0CH ;开显示,关光标,不闪烁 LCALL SEND_I LCALL DELAY5 MOV A,#08H ;关闭显示 LCALL SEND_I LCALL DELAY5 MOV A,#0CH ;开显示,关光标,不闪烁 LCALL SEND_I LCALL DELAY5 MOV A,#08H ;关闭显示 LCALL SEND_I LCALL DELAY5 RET ;================================================== ;清屏 ;================================================== CLEAR_P: MOV A,#01H ;清屏 LCALL SEND_I MOV A,#34H LCALL SEND_I MOV A,#30H LCALL SEND_I RET ;================================================== ;查表取数据送显示 ;================================================== QUSHU: CLR A MOVC A,@A+DPTR ;查表取数据 LCALL SEND_D ;送显示 INC DPTR LCALL DELAY4 ;延时80ms, DJNZ COUNT,QUSHU RET ;=============================================== ;写数据子程序 ;RS=1,RW=0,E=高脉冲,D0-D7=数据 ;=============================================== SEND_D: LCALL CHK_BUSY ;写数据子程序 SETB RS CLR RW MOV P0,A SETB E NOP NOP CLR E RET ;=============================================== ;写指令子程序 ;RS=0,RW=0,E=高脉冲,D0-D7=指令码 ;=============================================== SEND_I: LCALL CHK_BUSY CLR RS CLR RW MOV P0,A SETB E NOP NOP CLR E RET ;================================================ ;读数据子程序 ;RS=1,RW=1,E=H,D0-D7=数据 ;================================================ READ_D: LCALL CHK_BUSY ;读数据子程序 SETB RS SETB RW SETB E NOP MOV A,P0 CLR E MOV STORE,A RET ;================================================ ;;测忙碌子程序 ;RS=0,RW=1,E=H,D0-D7=状态字 ;================================================ CHK_BUSY: MOV P0,#0FFH ;测忙碌子程序 CLR RS SETB RW SETB E JB P0.7,$ CLR E RET ;================================================ ;延时子程序 DELAY3: MOV R5,#16H DEL31: MOV R6,#100 DEL32: MOV R7,#0FFH DEL33: DJNZ R7,DEL33 DJNZ R6,DEL32 DJNZ R5,DEL31 RET DELAY2: MOV R6,#0CH DEL21: MOV R7,#18H DEL22: DJNZ R7,DEL22 DJNZ R6,DEL21 RET DELAY1: MOV R6,#06H DEL11: MOV R7,#08H DEL12: DJNZ R7,DEL12 DJNZ R6,DEL11 RET DELAY4: MOV R6,#100 DEL41: MOV R7,#200 DEL42: DJNZ R7,DEL42 DJNZ R6,DEL41 RET DELAY5: MOV R5,#05H DEL51: MOV R6,#100 DEL52: MOV R7,#0FFH DEL53: DJNZ R7,DEL53 DJNZ R6,DEL52 DJNZ R5,DEL51 RET ;*********************************************** TAB1: TAB1A: DB ' 51单片机学习网(深圳学林电子有限公司) ' ;显示在第一行 TAB1C: DB '自学单片机第一站' ;显示在第三行 TAB1B: DB ' WWW.8951.COM ' ;显示在第二行 TAB1D: DB 'TEL 755-89956892' ;显示在第四行 ;*-------------------------------------------------------------------- * ;* Bitmap点阵数据表 * ;* 图片: E:\图形8.bmp,横向取模左高位,数据排列:从左到右从上到下 * ;* 图片尺寸: 128 * 64 * ;*-------------------------------------------------------------------- * TU_TAB1: ; 数据表 db 0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh db 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 3Ch, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 7Fh, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h,0FFh,0C0h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h,0BFh,0F8h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h,0FFh,0DCh, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h, 1Fh,0FEh, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h,0DFh,0FFh, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h,0FFh,0FFh, 19h, 8Ch, 03h, 06h, 00h, 18h, 00h,0FFh,0E1h db 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 3Fh,0FFh, 0Ch,0CCh, 03h, 06h, 00h, 18h, 00h,0FFh,0E1h db 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 7Fh,0FFh, 04h, 58h, 03h, 06h, 01h,0FFh,0C0h, 00h,0C1h db 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 7Fh,0DAh, 3Fh,0FEh, 0Fh,0DFh,0C1h,0FFh,0C0h, 01h, 81h db 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 7Fh, 8Ch, 3Fh,0FEh, 0Fh,0DFh,0C1h, 98h,0C0h, 07h, 01h db 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 7Fh,0B8h, 30h, 06h, 03h, 06h, 01h, 98h,0C0h, 06h, 01h db 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h,0FEh,0C0h, 0Fh,0F8h, 03h, 8Eh, 01h,0FFh,0C3h,0FFh,0F9h db 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 7Eh, 00h, 0Fh,0F8h, 07h,0CFh, 01h, 98h,0C3h,0FFh,0F9h db 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 7Fh, 00h, 00h, 60h, 07h, 5Fh, 81h, 98h,0C0h, 06h, 01h db 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 7Fh, 80h, 3Fh,0FEh, 0Fh, 36h,0C1h,0FFh,0C0h, 06h, 01h db 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 1Fh, 80h,0BFh,0FEh, 0Bh, 36h, 61h,0FFh,0C0h, 06h, 01h db 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 1Fh,0C7h, 00h,0C0h, 03h, 66h, 21h, 98h, 30h, 06h, 01h db 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 15h, 5Fh,0C7h, 00h,0C0h, 03h, 06h, 00h, 18h, 30h, 06h, 01h db 80h, 00h, 02h,0E0h, 06h, 7Fh,0CEh, 03h,0C0h, 03h, 06h, 00h, 1Fh,0F0h, 1Eh, 01h db 80h, 00h, 04h, 54h, 4Fh,0FFh,0FCh, 01h, 80h, 03h, 06h, 00h, 0Fh,0E0h, 0Ch, 01h db 80h, 00h, 03h,0FDh, 3Fh,0FFh,0D9h,0C0h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 80h, 00h, 1Dh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh, 87h, 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 80h, 00h, 2Bh,0FFh,0F8h, 7Fh, 06h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 80h, 00h, 3Fh,0BFh,0F8h, 09h, 0Fh, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 80h, 00h, 1Fh, 9Fh,0F0h, 00h,0BCh, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 9Dh,0FEh, 1Fh, 8Fh,0F0h, 00h,0F8h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 9Fh,0FCh, 17h, 8Fh,0F0h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 81h,0FFh,0CFh, 9Fh,0E0h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 82h,0FFh,0FFh, 9Ch, 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 81h, 7Fh,0FFh,0FCh, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 80h, 6Fh,0FEh, 30h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 80h, 03h,0FCh, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 80h, 00h, 34h, 14h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 80h, 00h, 0Eh, 18h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 80h, 00h, 02h, 30h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 80h, 00h, 01h,0E0h, 00h, 00h, 7Fh, 04h, 00h, 3Fh, 82h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 7Fh, 0Ch, 00h, 3Fh, 86h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 7Fh, 1Ch, 00h, 3Fh, 8Eh, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 83h,0BBh, 9Dh,0DCh,0EEh,0E0h, 70h, 7Ch, 38h, 38h, 3Eh, 00h,0E0h, 38h, 3Bh, 31h db 83h,0BBh, 9Dh,0DCh,0EEh,0E0h, 70h, 7Ch, 3Ch, 38h, 3Eh, 00h,0F0h, 7Ch, 3Fh,0F9h db 83h,0BBh, 9Dh,0DCh,0EEh,0E0h, 76h, 1Ch, 7Eh, 3Bh, 0Eh, 01h,0F8h,0FEh, 3Fh,0F9h db 83h,0BBh, 9Dh,0DCh,0EEh,0E0h, 7Fh, 1Ch, 76h, 3Fh, 8Eh, 01h,0D8h,0EEh, 3Bh,0B9h db 83h,0BBh, 9Dh,0DCh,0EEh,0E0h, 7Fh, 1Ch, 76h, 3Fh, 8Eh, 01h,0D8h,0EEh, 3Bh,0B9h db 83h,0BBh, 9Dh,0DCh,0EEh,0E0h, 77h, 1Ch, 76h, 3Bh, 8Eh, 01h,0D8h,0EEh, 3Bh,0B9h db 81h,0BBh, 0Dh,0D8h, 6Eh,0C0h, 07h, 1Ch, 70h, 03h, 8Eh, 01h,0C0h,0EEh, 3Bh,0B9h db 81h,0ABh, 0Dh, 58h, 6Ah,0C0h, 07h, 1Ch, 70h, 03h, 8Eh, 01h,0C0h,0EEh, 3Bh,0B9h db 81h,0ABh, 0Dh, 58h, 6Ah,0C0h, 77h, 1Ch, 70h, 3Bh, 8Eh, 01h,0C0h,0EEh, 3Bh,0B9h db 81h,0ABh, 0Dh, 58h, 6Ah,0C0h, 77h, 1Ch, 76h, 3Bh, 8Eh, 01h,0D8h,0EEh, 3Bh,0B9h db 81h,0EFh, 0Fh, 78h, 7Bh,0C0h, 77h, 1Ch, 76h, 3Bh, 8Eh, 01h,0D8h,0EEh, 3Bh,0B9h db 81h,0EFh, 0Fh, 78h, 7Bh,0DCh, 77h, 1Ch, 76h, 3Bh, 8Eh, 39h,0D8h,0EEh, 3Bh,0B9h db 81h,0EFh, 0Fh, 78h, 7Bh,0DCh, 7Fh, 1Ch, 7Eh, 3Fh, 8Eh, 39h,0F8h,0FEh, 3Bh,0B9h db 81h,0EFh, 0Fh, 78h, 7Bh,0DCh, 3Eh, 1Ch, 3Ch, 1Fh, 0Eh, 38h,0F0h, 7Ch, 3Bh,0B9h db 81h,0EFh, 0Fh, 78h, 7Bh,0DCh, 1Ch, 1Ch, 3Ch, 0Eh, 0Eh, 38h,0F0h, 78h, 3Bh,0B9h db 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh ;*-------------------------------------------------------------------- * ;* Bitmap点阵数据表 * ;* 图片: E:\图形12.bmp,横向取模左高位,数据排列:从左到右从上到下 * ;* 图片尺寸: 128 * 64 * ;*-------------------------------------------------------------------- * TU_TAB2: ; 数据表 db 40h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 03h, 65h,0E8h, 80h, 00h, 01h db 9Ah,0D6h,0B4h, 42h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 34h,0DAh,0D0h, 00h, 00h, 01h db0A4h, 00h, 02h, 10h, 6Bh, 30h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 8Bh,0FFh, 30h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 42h,0D6h,0B0h, 42h, 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 16h, 77h,0FEh,0C0h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 42h,0D6h,0B0h, 42h, 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 16h, 77h,0FEh,0C0h, 00h, 00h, 01h db0B9h, 20h, 04h, 00h, 00h, 02h, 10h, 00h, 00h, 00h,0BCh,0BCh, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 46h,0D6h,0B1h,0ACh, 6Bh, 30h, 00h, 00h, 02h, 29h,0CBh, 40h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db0FFh,0F9h, 04h, 01h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h, 16h,0B4h,0A0h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db0FFh,0FFh,0F2h, 50h, 00h, 40h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 29h, 4Bh, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db0FFh,0FFh,0F2h, 50h, 00h, 40h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 29h, 4Bh, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db0FFh,0FFh,0BDh, 82h, 94h, 00h, 40h, 00h, 00h,0C9h, 30h, 02h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db0FFh,0FFh,0FBh,0B0h, 00h, 08h, 00h, 00h, 05h, 16h, 44h, 40h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0EFh, 90h, 40h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 21h, 00h, 04h,0C8h, 30h, 00h, 01h db0A5h,0FFh,0FFh,0FDh, 6Bh, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h,0C8h, 00h, 99h, 16h,0FAh, 40h, 01h db0A5h,0FFh,0FFh,0FDh, 6Bh, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h,0C8h, 00h, 99h, 16h,0FAh, 40h, 01h db 82h, 2Fh,0FFh,0FFh,0E8h, 84h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 08h, 00h,0DFh,0FFh,0ECh, 01h db 24h,0C1h, 7Fh,0FFh,0F4h, 30h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h,0A7h,0FFh,0FFh,0FCh, 01h db 42h, 28h, 05h,0BFh,0FBh, 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 04h, 1Bh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh, 81h db 98h,0C1h, 4Ah, 53h,0ECh, 48h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 40h, 7Fh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0E1h db 98h,0C1h, 4Ah, 53h,0ECh, 48h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 40h, 7Fh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0E1h db 42h, 28h, 00h, 0Ch, 77h, 82h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 33h,0BFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh, 89h db 18h,0C1h, 4Ah, 51h, 9Bh, 74h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 04h,0FFh, 3Fh,0FFh,0DFh,0F1h db0C2h, 28h, 00h, 0Ch, 04h, 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 40h,0FEh, 1Fh,0F9h,0C3h,0F9h db 1Ah,0D6h,0B5h,0A1h, 6Bh, 75h, 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 8Fh,0FCh, 3Fh,0F2h, 0Fh, 1Fh db 1Ah,0D6h,0B5h,0A1h, 6Bh, 75h, 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 8Fh,0FCh, 3Fh,0F2h, 0Fh, 1Fh db0C5h, 29h, 79h, 8Ch, 00h, 88h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 03h,0F8h, 1Fh,0C8h, 52h, 81h db 22h,0FFh,0FFh,0F2h, 6Bh, 35h, 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 37h,0C2h, 3Fh,0FBh,0FCh, 09h db 9Ah,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh, 00h, 48h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 07h,0D8h, 1Fh,0FFh,0E3h, 81h db 9Ah,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh, 00h, 48h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 07h,0D8h, 1Fh,0FFh,0E3h, 81h db 47h,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0F3h, 35h, 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 8Fh,0C1h, 0Fh,0FFh,0ACh, 01h db0B9h,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FCh, 4Ah, 20h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 0Fh,0A4h, 07h,0FEh, 40h, 01h db 5Fh,0FFh,0C7h,0FFh,0FCh,0B5h, 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 4Fh,0DAh,0FFh,0F8h, 00h, 01h db0A7h,0FFh,0B7h,0FFh,0FFh, 8Ah, 20h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 0Fh,0FFh,0EFh, 40h, 00h, 01h db0A7h,0FFh,0B7h,0FFh,0FFh, 8Ah, 20h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 0Fh,0FFh,0EFh, 40h, 00h, 01h db 7Fh,0FFh, 47h,0FDh, 7Fh,0C5h, 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 3Fh,0DAh,0D0h, 00h, 00h, 01h db0A7h,0FEh, 37h,0FFh, 7Ch,0FAh, 50h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 0Ch,0A4h, 08h, 00h, 00h, 01h db0DFh,0FEh, 43h,0FFh,0F8h,0C1h, 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 48h, 01h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 27h,0FFh, 4Bh,0FFh,0FFh,0FAh, 2Ch, 00h, 00h, 00h, 03h, 58h, 20h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 27h,0FFh, 4Bh,0FFh,0FFh,0FAh, 2Ch, 00h, 00h, 00h, 03h, 58h, 20h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 9Bh,0FFh,0C3h,0FFh,0FFh,0F1h,0C0h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 08h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 64h, 3Fh,0FDh,0FFh, 6Bh, 7Ch, 10h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 03h,0D7h,0FFh,0FDh, 10h, 01h,0A0h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db0D8h, 29h, 4Fh,0A2h, 80h,0B5h, 90h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db0D8h, 29h, 4Fh,0A2h, 80h,0B5h, 90h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 05h, 10h,0B0h, 4Ch, 0Bh, 08h, 40h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db0A0h,0C9h, 0Ah, 00h, 00h, 42h, 10h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 04h, 10h, 40h, 21h, 64h, 09h,0A0h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db0A2h,0C1h, 35h, 8Ch, 00h, 44h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db0A2h,0C1h, 35h, 8Ch, 00h, 44h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 00h, 16h, 00h, 21h, 14h, 09h,0A0h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db0A5h, 00h,0B5h, 80h, 83h, 44h, 0Ch, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 00h, 26h, 00h, 12h, 08h, 09h,0A0h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db0DAh, 00h,0B4h, 40h, 60h, 44h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db0DAh, 00h,0B4h, 40h, 60h, 44h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 80h,0C8h, 00h, 00h, 04h, 01h,0A0h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db0A2h, 20h, 89h, 91h, 10h, 8Ah, 10h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 44h, 06h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 30h, 40h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 44h, 06h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 30h, 40h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh ;*-------------------------------------------------------------------- * ;*-------------------------------------------------------------------- * ;* Bitmap点阵数据表 * ;* 图片: E:\图形13.bmp,横向取模左高位,数据排列:从左到右从上到下 * ;* 图片尺寸: 128 * 64 * ;*-------------------------------------------------------------------- * TU_TAB4: ; 漂亮姑娘看过来 db 0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh db 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h db 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h db 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h db 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 11h,0FFh, 80h, 40h, 08h, 30h, 10h, 20h, 00h db 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 0Ch, 68h, 3Fh,0FFh, 08h, 30h, 11h,0F8h, 00h db 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 0Ch, 68h, 3Fh,0FFh, 08h, 30h, 11h,0F8h, 00h db 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h,0FFh, 00h, 00h, 7Fh,0FEh, 7Dh, 08h, 00h db 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 11h, 6Bh, 07h,0FCh, 16h, 30h, 2Dh,0F8h, 00h db 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 0Dh,0FFh, 04h, 0Ch, 16h, 30h, 2Dh, 08h, 00h db 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 0Ch, 00h, 3Fh,0FFh, 16h, 30h, 2Dh,0F8h, 00h db 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 0Ch, 00h, 3Fh,0FFh, 16h, 30h, 2Dh,0F8h, 00h db 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 0Ch,0FFh, 30h, 01h, 66h,0FEh, 2Dh, 26h, 00h db 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 1Ch, 00h, 03h,0F0h, 76h, 82h, 2Dh, 28h, 00h db 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 0Dh,0FFh, 82h, 11h, 08h, 82h, 11h, 10h, 00h db 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 0Ch, 8Bh, 04h, 11h, 16h, 82h, 2Dh, 28h, 00h db 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 0Ch, 8Bh, 04h, 11h, 16h, 82h, 2Dh, 28h, 00h db 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 0Dh, 18h,0B8h, 1Fh, 60h,0FEh, 41h,0C6h, 00h db 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h db 00h, 07h, 8Fh,0FFh, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h db 00h, 08h, 70h, 40h,0EFh, 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h db 00h, 08h, 70h, 40h,0EFh, 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h db 00h, 10h, 00h, 80h, 10h, 60h, 00h, 0Fh,0FFh, 30h, 0Ch, 00h, 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h db 00h, 20h, 18h, 38h, 20h, 60h, 00h, 00h, 60h, 08h, 0Ch, 1Fh,0FCh, 1Ch, 00h, 00h db 00h,0C0h, 64h, 45h, 00h, 60h, 00h, 03h,0FCh, 0Bh,0FFh, 00h, 80h, 3Eh, 00h, 00h db 00h,0C1h, 00h, 01h, 00h, 10h, 00h, 00h, 80h, 00h, 0Ch, 08h, 88h, 3Eh, 00h, 00h db 00h,0C1h, 00h, 01h, 00h, 10h, 00h, 00h, 80h, 00h, 0Ch, 08h, 88h, 3Eh, 00h, 00h db 01h, 01h, 00h, 00h,0C0h, 10h, 00h, 1Fh,0FFh,0BDh, 8Ch, 06h,0B0h, 3Eh, 00h, 00h db 02h, 0Eh, 18h, 1Ch,0C0h, 10h, 00h, 01h, 00h, 04h, 4Ch, 7Fh,0FEh, 1Ch, 00h, 00h db 02h, 16h, 64h, 22h, 20h, 10h, 00h, 03h,0FCh, 04h, 4Ch, 01h,0C0h, 1Ch, 00h, 00h db 02h, 16h, 64h, 22h, 20h, 10h, 00h, 03h,0FCh, 04h, 4Ch, 01h,0C0h, 1Ch, 00h, 00h db 04h,0E8h, 83h, 41h, 1Ch, 08h, 00h, 0Dh, 04h, 04h, 0Ch, 06h,0B0h, 00h, 00h, 00h db 07h, 10h, 8Fh, 47h, 03h, 88h, 00h, 11h,0FCh, 04h, 3Ch, 08h, 88h, 1Ch, 00h, 00h db 00h, 20h, 6Ch, 26h, 01h, 78h, 00h, 01h, 04h, 0Ah, 00h, 70h, 86h, 1Ch, 00h, 00h db 00h,0C0h, 18h, 1Ch, 00h, 80h, 00h, 01h,0FCh, 31h,0FFh, 00h, 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h db 00h,0C0h, 18h, 1Ch, 00h, 80h, 00h, 01h,0FCh, 31h,0FFh, 00h, 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h db 00h,0C1h, 87h, 80h, 00h, 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h db 01h, 06h, 78h, 3Ch, 20h, 60h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h db 01h, 08h, 07h,0C2h,0C0h, 60h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h db 01h, 08h, 00h, 01h,0C0h, 60h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h db 01h, 08h, 00h, 01h,0C0h, 60h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h db 01h, 08h, 18h, 01h,0C0h, 60h, 00h, 00h, 00h,0F1h,0F3h, 87h,0C0h, 00h, 00h, 00h db 00h,0C6h, 18h,0C2h, 20h, 80h, 00h, 00h, 03h, 0Eh, 1Ch, 78h, 70h, 00h, 00h, 00h db 00h,0C1h, 00h,0C2h, 00h, 80h, 00h, 00h, 04h, 44h, 11h, 10h, 38h, 00h, 00h, 00h db 00h, 26h,0E0h, 04h, 01h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 04h, 80h, 12h, 00h, 38h, 00h, 00h, 00h db 00h, 26h,0E0h, 04h, 01h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 04h, 80h, 12h, 00h, 38h, 00h, 00h, 00h db 00h, 11h, 18h, 38h, 03h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 04h, 80h, 12h, 00h, 38h, 00h, 00h, 00h db 00h, 0Eh, 87h,0C2h, 1Ch, 00h, 00h, 00h, 04h, 00h, 10h, 00h, 38h, 00h, 00h, 00h db 00h, 01h,0E0h, 04h,0E0h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 03h, 00h, 1Ch, 00h, 70h, 00h, 00h, 00h db 00h, 1Eh, 18h, 3Fh, 1Eh, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 80h, 32h, 00h,0C0h, 00h, 00h, 00h db 00h, 1Eh, 18h, 3Fh, 1Eh, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 80h, 32h, 00h,0C0h, 00h, 00h, 00h db 00h, 38h, 07h,0C0h, 0Fh, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 40h, 61h, 01h, 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h db 00h,0E9h,0FFh,0FFh, 0Dh, 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 31h,0C0h, 87h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h db 01h,0E9h, 1Bh,0B9h, 0Dh,0E0h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 0Bh, 80h, 6Eh, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h db 03h,0C9h,0F0h, 1Fh, 0Ch,0F0h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 06h, 00h, 18h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h db 03h,0C9h,0F0h, 1Fh, 0Ch,0F0h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 06h, 00h, 18h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h db 07h, 06h,0E0h, 06h, 10h, 78h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h db 07h,0C1h, 00h, 00h, 20h,0F8h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h db 07h,0E0h, 80h, 00h,0C1h,0F8h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h db 07h,0E0h, 80h, 00h,0C1h,0F8h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h db 80h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 00h, 01h db0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh,0FFh end
上传时间: 2013-10-13
上传用户:123啊
STM32的基本系统主要涉及下面几个部分: 1、电源 1)、无论是否使用模拟部分和AD部分,MCU外围出去VCC和GND,VDDA、VSSA、Vref(如果封装有该引脚)都必需要连接,不可悬空; 2)、对于每组对应的VDD和GND都应至少放置一个104的陶瓷电容用于滤波,并接该电容应放置尽量靠近MCU; 2、复位、启动选择 1)、Boot引脚与JTAG无关。其仅是用于MCU启动后,判断执行代码的起始地址; 2)、在电路设计上可能Boot引脚不会使用,但要求一定要外部连接电阻到地或电源,切不可悬空;
上传时间: 2013-10-21
上传用户:2218870695
单片机中的基本模块
上传时间: 2013-11-13
上传用户:fqscfqj
随着电子技术的飞速发展,基于数字技术、单片机控制技术及EDA技术的混合设计方法给数字系统自动化设计、计算机硬件系统设计带来了革命性变革。业界对该领域的专业人才需求与日俱增,这对各高等院校人才培养提出了新的挑战。 我公司作为高新技术产业开发企业,多年来和全国各高校保持教学和科研的紧密联系,结合高校为本科生开设数字逻辑电路、单片机及数字系统设计自动化课程教学实践,设计了面向理工科学生使用的多功能数字逻辑电路、单片机及EDA仿真/教学综合实验系统。使学校以最小的经费投入,取得最大的教学效果。采用该实验系统,通过理论教学与实验环节的实施,可使学生正确理解数字逻辑电路、单片机及EDA技术的基本概念、基本原理,掌握这些课程之间的内在相互关系及混合设计的基本方法,使学生由浅入深地逐步掌握综合运用数字逻辑芯片及单片机的软、硬件技术及EDA技术分析设计实际问题的能力,为工业生产、科学研究和实验设备等领域的数字逻辑、单片机及EDA应用和开发打下良好的基础,该实验箱内容的实验实践也是进一步学习计算机原理和有关接口知识等相关课程的重要环节。
上传时间: 2013-11-23
上传用户:yeling1919
单片机是构成单片机嵌入式系统的核心器件。本章首先将介绍一般单片机的基本组成和结构,使大家对单片机片内的硬件有基本了解和认识。掌握了单片机的基本结构和组成,对学习、了解任何一种类型单片机的工作原理,编写单片机的系统软件以及和设计外围电路都是非常重要的。作为一个实例,本章重点以新型的,采用RISC指令的AVR高速单片机作为主要介绍对象,以本书中主要讲解和使用的一款AVR单片机ATmega16为主线,详细介绍AVR单片机的基本结构和系统构成。
上传时间: 2014-12-27
上传用户:wenwiang
利用现场可编程门阵列FPGA 实现单片机的外设接口电路可以简化单片机系统的硬件电路,提高系统的集成度、可靠性和系统设计的灵活性。本文介绍了基于FPGA 的单片机外设接口电路的基本设计方法,分别给出了各个功能模块的设计思路和实现方法。所有功能的实现全部采用VHDL 进行描述。
上传时间: 2013-10-20
上传用户:dudu1210004
用单片机制作多功能莫尔斯码电路:用单片机制作多功能莫尔斯码电路莫尔斯电码通信有着悠久的历史,尽管它已被现代通信方式所取代,但在业余无线电通信和特殊的专业场合仍具有重要的地位,这是因为等幅电码通信的抗干扰能力是其它任何一种通信方式都无法相比的。在短波波段用几瓦的功率即可进行国际间的通信,收发射设备简单易制成本低廉,所以深受业余无线电爱好者的喜爱,是业余无线电高手必备的技能。要想熟练掌握莫尔斯电码的收发技术除了持之以恒的毅力外,还需要相关的设备。设计本电路的目的就是给爱好者提供一个实用和训练的工具。 一、功能简介 本电路可以配合自动键体和手动键体,产生莫尔斯码控制信号,设有16种速度,从初学者到操作高手都能适用。监听音调也有16种,均可以通过功能键进行选择。可以按程序中设定好的呼号自动呼叫,设有听抄练习功能,听抄练习有短码和混合码两种模式,分别对10个数字和常用的38个混合码模拟随机取样,产生分组报码,供爱好者提高抄收水平之用,速度低4档的听抄练习是专为初学者所设,内容是时间间隔较长的单字符。设有PTT开关键,可以决定是否控制发射机工作,不需要反复通断控制线。无论当前处于呼叫状态还是听抄状态只要电键接点接通则自动转到人工发报程序。4分钟内不使用电路将自动关闭电源,只有按复位键才能重新开始工作。先按住听抄练习键复位则进入短码练习状态,其它功能不变。从开机到自动关机执行每个功能都有不同的莫尔斯码提示音。本电路具有较强的抗高低频干扰的能力和使用方便的大电流开关接口,以适应不同的发射设备。 二、硬件电路原理硬件电路如图1所示。设计电路的目的在于方便实用,以免在紧张的操作中失误,所以除了听抄练习键外其它键没有定义复用功能。各键的作用在图中已经标出。PTT控制在每次复位时处于关闭状态,每按动一次PTT功能键则改变一次状态,这样可以使用软件开关控制发射。 PTT处于控制状态时发光二极管随控制信号闪亮。考虑到自制设备及淘汰军用设备与高档设备控制电流的不同,PTT开关管采用了2SC2073,可以承受500mA的电流,同时还增加了无极性PTT开关电路,无论外部被控制的端口直流极性如何加到VT3的极性始终不变,供有兴趣的爱好者实验。应该注意,如果被控制的负载是感性,则电感两端必须并联续流二极管,除自制设备外成品机在这方面一般没有什么问题。手动键只有一个接点,接通后产生连续的音频和发射控制信号。在本电路中手动键的输入端是P1.5 ,程序不断检测P1.5电平,当按键按下时P1.5电平为0,程序转入手动键子程序。 自动键的接点分别接到P1.3和P1.4 ,同样当程序检测到有接点闭合时便自动产生“点”或“划”。音频信号从P输出,经VT1放大后推动扬声器发音。单片机的I/O口在输入状态下阻抗较高,容易受到高低频信号干扰,所以在每个输入端口和三极管的be端并联电阻和高频旁路电容,确保在较长的电键连线和大功率发射时电路工作稳定。图2是印刷电路版图,尺寸为110mmX85mm,扬声器用粘合剂直接粘接在电路版有铜箔的面。 三、软件设计方法 “点”时间长度是莫尔斯电码中的基本时间单位。按规定“划”的时间长度不小于三个“点”,同字符中“点”与“划”的间隔不小于一个“点”,字符之间不小于一个“划”,词与词之间不应小于五个“点”。在本程序中用条件转移指令来产生“点”时间长度。通过速度功能键功可以设置16种延时参数。用T0中断产生监听音频信号,并将中断设为优先级,保证在听觉上纯正悦耳。T1用于自动关机计时,如果不使用任何功能四分钟后将向PCON 位写1,单片机进入休眠状态,此时耗电量仅有几个微安。自动键的“点”或“划”以及手动键的连续发音都是子程序的反复调用。P1.2对地短接时自动呼叫可设定为另一内容。为了便于熟悉汇编语言的读者对发音内容进行修改,这里介绍发音字符的编码方法。莫尔斯码的信息与计算机中二进制恰好相同,我们可以用0表示“点”,用1表示“划”。提示音、自动呼叫、听抄内容等字符是预先按一定编码方式存储在程序中的常数。每个字符的莫尔斯码一般是由1至6位“点”、“划”组成,也就是发音次数最多6次。程序中每个字符占用1个字节,字符时间间隔不占用字节,但更长的延时或发音结束信息占用一个字节。我们用字节的低三位表示字节的性质,对于5次及5次以下发音的字符我们用存储器的高5位存储发音信息,发音顺序由高位至低位,用低3位存储发音次数,发音时将数据送入累加器A,先得到发音次数,然后使A左环移,对E0进行位寻址,判断是发“点”还是“划”,环移次数由发音次数决定。对于6次发音的字符不能完全按照上述编码规则,否则会出现信息重叠,如果是6次发音且最后一次是“划”我们把发音次数定义为111B,因为这时第6次位寻址得到的是1。如果第6次发音是“点”,那么这个字符的低三位定义为000B。字符间隔时间由程序自动产生,更长的时间隔或结束标志由字节低三位110B来定义,高半字节表示字符间隔的倍数,例如26H表示再加两倍时间间隔。如果字节为06H则表示读字符程序结束,返回主程序。更详细的内容不再赘述,读者可阅读源程序。四、使用注意事项手动键的操作难度相对大一些,时间节拍全由人掌握,其特点是发出的电码带有“人情味”。自动键的“点”、“划”靠电路产生,发音标准,容易操作,而且可以达到相当快的速度,长时间工作也不易疲劳。在干扰较大、信号微弱的条件下自动键码的辨别程度好于手动键码。初学者初次使用手动键练习发报要有老师指导,且不可我行我素,一旦养成不正确的手法则很难纠正。在电台上时常听到一些让对方难以抄收的电码,这可能会使对方反感而拒绝回答。使用自动键也应在一定的听抄基础上再去练习。在暂时找不老师的情况下可多练习听力,这对于今后能够发出标准正确的电码非常有益。
上传时间: 2013-10-31
上传用户:sdq_123
在单片机应用开发中,代码的使用效率问题、单片机抗干扰性和可靠性等问题仍困扰着 工程师。为帮助工程师解决单片机设计上的难题,《电子工程专辑》网站特邀Holtek香 港分公司工程部处长邓宏杰先生担任《单片机应用编程技巧》专题讨论的嘉宾,与广大 设计工程师交流单片机设计开发经验。现根据论坛中的讨论归纳出单片机开发中应掌握 的几个基本技巧。一、 如何提高C语言编程代码的效率邓宏杰指出,用C语言进行单片机程序设计是单片机开发与应用的必然趋势。他强调:“ 如果使用C编程时,要达到最高的效率,最好熟悉所使用的C编译器。先试验一下每条C语言编译以后对应的汇编语言的语句行数,这样就可以很明确的知道效率。在今后编程的 时候,使用编译效率最高的语句。” 他指出,各家的C编译器都会有一定的差异,故编译效率也会有所不同,优秀的嵌入式系统C编译器代码长度和执行时间仅比以汇编语言编写的同样功能程度长5-20%。他说:“对于复杂而开发时间紧的项目时,可以采用C语言,但前提是要求你对该MCU系统的C语言和C编译器非常熟悉,特别要注意该C编译系统所能支持的数据类型和算法。虽然C语言是最普遍的一种高级语言,但由于不同的MCU厂家其C语言编译系统是有所差别的,特别是在一些特殊功能模块的操作上。所以如果对这些特性不了解,那么调试起来问题就会很 多,反而导致执行效率低于汇编语言。” 二、 如何减少程序中的bug? 对于如何减少程序的bug,邓宏杰给出了一些建议,他指出系统运行中应考虑的超范围管理参数有: 1.物理参数。这些参数主要是系统的输入参数,它包括激励参数、采集处理中的运行参 数和处理结束的结果参数。合理设定这些边界,将超出边界的参数都视为非正常激励或 非正常回应进行出错处理。 2.资源参数。这些参数主要是系统中的电路、器件、功能单元的资源,如记忆体容量、 存储单元长度、堆叠深度。在程式设计中,对资源参数不允许超范围使用。 3.应用参数。这些应用参数常表现为一些单片机、功能单元的应用条件。如E2PROM的擦 写次数与资料存储时间等应用参数界限。 4.过程参数。指系统运行中的有序变化的参数。
上传时间: 2013-10-21
上传用户:chukeey
一概述影响单片机系统运行稳定性的因素可大体分为外因和内因两部分1. 外因 射频干扰它是以空间电磁场的形式传递在机器内部的导体引线或零件引脚感生出相应的干扰可通过电磁屏蔽和合理的布线/器件布局衰减该类干扰 电源线或电源内部产生的干扰它是通过电源线或电源内的部件耦合或直接传导可通过电源滤波隔离等措施来衰减该类干扰2. 内因 振荡源的稳定性主要由起振时间频率稳定度和占空比稳定度决定起振时间可由电路参数整定稳定度受振荡器类型温度和电压等参数影响 复位电路的可靠性二 复位电路的可靠性设计1. 基本复位电路复位电路的基本功能是系统上电时提供复位信号直至系统电源稳定后撤销复位信号为可靠起见电源稳定后还要经一定的延时才撤销复位信号以防电源开关或电源插头分-合过程中引起的抖动而影响复位图1 所示的RC 复位电路可以实现上述基本功能图3 为其输入-输出特性但解决不了电源毛刺A 点和电源缓慢下降电池电压不足等问题而且调整RC 常数改变延时会令驱动能力变差左边的电路为高电平复位有效 右边为低电平Sm 为手动复位开关 Ch 可避免高频谐波对电的干扰
上传时间: 2014-01-18
上传用户:shanxiliuxu
Verilog_HDL的基本语法详解(夏宇闻版):Verilog HDL是一种用于数字逻辑电路设计的语言。用Verilog HDL描述的电路设计就是该电路的Verilog HDL模型。Verilog HDL既是一种行为描述的语言也是一种结构描述的语言。这也就是说,既可以用电路的功能描述也可以用元器件和它们之间的连接来建立所设计电路的Verilog HDL模型。Verilog模型可以是实际电路的不同级别的抽象。这些抽象的级别和它们对应的模型类型共有以下五种: 系统级(system):用高级语言结构实现设计模块的外部性能的模型。 算法级(algorithm):用高级语言结构实现设计算法的模型。 RTL级(Register Transfer Level):描述数据在寄存器之间流动和如何处理这些数据的模型。 门级(gate-level):描述逻辑门以及逻辑门之间的连接的模型。 开关级(switch-level):描述器件中三极管和储存节点以及它们之间连接的模型。 一个复杂电路系统的完整Verilog HDL模型是由若干个Verilog HDL模块构成的,每一个模块又可以由若干个子模块构成。其中有些模块需要综合成具体电路,而有些模块只是与用户所设计的模块交互的现存电路或激励信号源。利用Verilog HDL语言结构所提供的这种功能就可以构造一个模块间的清晰层次结构来描述极其复杂的大型设计,并对所作设计的逻辑电路进行严格的验证。 Verilog HDL行为描述语言作为一种结构化和过程性的语言,其语法结构非常适合于算法级和RTL级的模型设计。这种行为描述语言具有以下功能: · 可描述顺序执行或并行执行的程序结构。 · 用延迟表达式或事件表达式来明确地控制过程的启动时间。 · 通过命名的事件来触发其它过程里的激活行为或停止行为。 · 提供了条件、if-else、case、循环程序结构。 · 提供了可带参数且非零延续时间的任务(task)程序结构。 · 提供了可定义新的操作符的函数结构(function)。 · 提供了用于建立表达式的算术运算符、逻辑运算符、位运算符。 · Verilog HDL语言作为一种结构化的语言也非常适合于门级和开关级的模型设计。因其结构化的特点又使它具有以下功能: - 提供了完整的一套组合型原语(primitive); - 提供了双向通路和电阻器件的原语; - 可建立MOS器件的电荷分享和电荷衰减动态模型。 Verilog HDL的构造性语句可以精确地建立信号的模型。这是因为在Verilog HDL中,提供了延迟和输出强度的原语来建立精确程度很高的信号模型。信号值可以有不同的的强度,可以通过设定宽范围的模糊值来降低不确定条件的影响。 Verilog HDL作为一种高级的硬件描述编程语言,有着类似C语言的风格。其中有许多语句如:if语句、case语句等和C语言中的对应语句十分相似。如果读者已经掌握C语言编程的基础,那么学习Verilog HDL并不困难,我们只要对Verilog HDL某些语句的特殊方面着重理解,并加强上机练习就能很好地掌握它,利用它的强大功能来设计复杂的数字逻辑电路。下面我们将对Verilog HDL中的基本语法逐一加以介绍。
标签: Verilog_HDL
上传时间: 2013-11-23
上传用户:青春给了作业95