这是我课程设计的一个程序,程序实现echo request icmp 的发送和echo reply icmp 的接收,以发现网络中在线主机以及测量与其他主机的平均往返时间
上传时间： 2013-12-20
上传用户：13160677563
这个软件需要你的本机操作的。其他机器是算不出来的！ 就是说 一台电脑只有一个注册码对应！ 这里有个办法： MULTISIM2001安装方法： 一：运行SETUP.EXE安装。在安装时，要重新启动计算机一次。 二：启动后在“开始>程序”中找到STARTUP项，运行后，继续进行安装，安装过程中，第一次要求输入“CODE"码时， 输入“PP-0411-48015-7464-32084"输入后，会提示"VALID SERIAL NUMBER FOR MULTISIM 2001 POWER-PRO." 按确定，又会出现一个“feature code”框，输入“FC-6424-04180-0044-13881”后， 在弹出的对话框中选择“取消”，一路确定即可完成安装。 三：1.运行VERILOG目录内的SETUP安装 2.运行FPGA目录内的SETUP安装 3.将CRACK目录内的LICMGR.DLL拷贝到WINDOWS系统的SYSTEM 目录内 4.并将VERILOG安装目录内的同名文件删除 5.将SILOS.LIC文件拷到VERILOG安装目录内覆盖原文件，并作如下编辑： 6.将“COMPUTER_NAME”替换为你的机器名 7.将“D:\MULTISIM\VERILOG\PATH_TO_SIMUCAD.EXE”替换为你的 实际安装路径。如此你便可以使用VERILOG了。 四：安装之后，运行MULTISIM2001,会要求输入“RELEASE CODE",不用着急， 记下“SERIAL NUMBER"和“SIGNATURE NUMBER", 使用CRACK目录内的注册器“MULTISIM KEYGEN.EXE" 将刚才记下的两个号码分别填入后， 即可得到"RELEASE CODE", 以后就可以正常使用了。 五：接下来运行 database update目录中的几个文件， 进行数据库合并即可。祝你成功！！ 六：启动MULTISIM2001时候的注册码 1： PP-0411-48015-7464-32084 2： 37506-86380 3:的三个空格 1975 2711 4842 里面包含了：Multisim2001汉化破解版、Multisim.V10.0.1.汉化破解版图解 解压密码：www.pp51.com
上传时间： 2013-11-16
上传用户：天空说我在
3 pairs of sample codes for basic net apps: . Socket server/client . start the server first . DatagramSocket . start MyDatagramSocketA first . MyDatagramSocketA receive a packet first, and then send a reply MyDatagramSocketA send a packet first, and then receive a reply. . Multicast sender/receiver . start the receiver first
标签： server Socket Datagr client
上传时间： 2015-03-31
上传用户：yxgi5
A six people s rushing replies an implement, use some s switches in toggle switch K0 ~ K5 is that ON accomplishes when rushing to reply button , nobody rush to answer, 6 numerical code circulation takes turns at demonstrating 1 ~ 6 (horse races) , who rushes to reply the numerical code stops having a ride on a horse , first, whose serial number, has simultaneous light of 6 numerical codes again afterwards the key presses down. System denies responding to, until this place is OFF batch , the wheel restoring 1 ~ 6 horse races starting time as soon as rushes to answer.
标签： implement switches rushing replies
上传时间： 2013-12-27
上传用户：l254587896
The tool presented below tries to detect from remote if the target machine was compromised with the HACKER Defender rootkit. The tool connect to the remote host, and compares the reply to several known replies. The rootkits that can be detected by the tool are: HACKER Defender v1.0.0 and below.
标签： compromised presented the machine
上传时间： 2016-02-21
上传用户：gundan
使用Visual Studio C++ 6.0和网络接口套接字Socket进行Windows环境下的网络编程，运用原始嵌套字RAW_SOCKET从IP层开始构造整个ICMP报文，通过ICMP协议所提供的回送请求(echo request)和回送应答(echo reply)这两种报文实现检测目的站的可达性与状态
标签： Windows Visual Studio Socket
上传时间： 2014-11-26
上传用户：cursor
/* ********************************************************************************************************* * uC/TCP-IP V2 * The Embedded TCP/IP Suite * * (c) Copyright 2003-2010; Micrium, Inc.; Weston, FL * * All rights reserved. Protected by international copyright laws. * * uC/TCP-IP is provided in source form to registered licensees ONLY. It is * illegal to distribute this source code to any third party unless you receive * written permission by an authorized Micrium representative. Knowledge of * the source code may NOT be used to develop a similar product. * * Please help us continue to provide the Embedded community with the finest * software available. Your honesty is greatly appreciated. * * You can contact us at www.micrium.com. ********************************************************************************************************* */ /* ********************************************************************************************************* * * NETWORK TCP LAYER * (TRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL) * * Filename : net_tcp.h * Version : V2.10 * Programmer(s) : ITJ ********************************************************************************************************* * Note(s) : (1) Supports Transmission Control Protocol as described in RFC #793 with the following * restrictions/constraints : * * (a) TCP Security & Precedence NOT supported RFC # 793, Section 3.6 * * (b) TCP Urgent Data NOT supported RFC # 793, Section 3.7 * 'The Communication of * Urgent Information' * * (c) The following TCP options NOT supported : * * (1) Window Scale RFC #1072, Section 2 * RFC #1323, Section 2 * (2) Selective Acknowledgement (SACK) RFC #1072, Section 3 * RFC #2018 * RFC #2883 * (3) TCP Echo RFC #1072, Section 4 * (4) Timestamp RFC #1323, Section 3.2 * (5) Protection Against Wrapped Sequences (PAWS) RFC #1323, Section 4 * * (d) #### IP-Options-to-TCP-Connection RFC #1122, Section 4.2.3.8 * Handling NOT supported * * (e) #### ICMP-Error-Message-to-TCP-Connection RFC #1122, Section 4.2.3.9 * Handling NOT currently supported * * (2) TCP Layer assumes/requires Network Socket Layer (see 'net_sock.h MODULE Note #1a2'). ********************************************************************************************************* */ /*$PAGE*/ /* ********************************************************************************************************* * MODULE * * Note(s) : (1) TCP Layer module is NOT required for UDP-to-Application API configuration. * * See also 'net_cfg.h TRANSPORT LAYER CONFIGURATION' * & 'net_cfg.h USER DATAGRAM PROTOCOL LAYER CONFIGURATION'. * * See also 'net_tcp.h Note #2'. * * (2) The following TCP-module-present configuration value MUST be pre-#define'd in * 'net_cfg_net.h' PRIOR to all other network modules that require TCP Layer * configuration (see 'net_cfg_net.h TCP LAYER CONFIGURATION Note #2b') : * * NET_TCP_MODULE_PRESENT ********************************************************************************************************* */ #ifdef NET_TCP_MODULE_PRESENT /* See Note #2. */ /* ********************************************************************************************************* * EXTERNS ********************************************************************************************************* */ #if ((defined(NET_TCP_MODULE)) && \ (defined(NET_GLOBALS_EXT))) #define NET_TCP_EXT #else #define NET_TCP_EXT extern #endif /*$PAGE*/ /* ********************************************************************************************************* * DEFINES ********************************************************************************************************* */ /* ********************************************************************************************************* * TCP HEADER DEFINES * * Note(s) : (1) The following TCP value MUST be pre-#define'd in 'net_def.h' PRIOR to 'net_buf.h' so that * the Network Buffer Module can configure maximum buffer header size (see 'net_def.h TCP * LAYER DEFINES' & 'net_buf.h NETWORK BUFFER INDEX & SIZE DEFINES Note #1') : * * (a) NET_TCP_HDR_SIZE_MAX 60 (NET_TCP_HDR_LEN_MAX * * NET_TCP_HDR_LEN_WORD_SIZE) * * (2) Urgent pointer & data NOT supported (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1b'). ********************************************************************************************************* */ #define NET_TCP_HDR_LEN_MASK 0xF000u #define NET_TCP_HDR_LEN_SHIFT 12u #define NET_TCP_HDR_LEN_NONE 0u #define NET_TCP_HDR_LEN_MIN 5u #define NET_TCP_HDR_LEN_MAX 15u #define NET_TCP_HDR_LEN_WORD_SIZE CPU_WORD_SIZE_32 #define NET_TCP_HDR_SIZE_MIN (NET_TCP_HDR_LEN_MIN * NET_TCP_HDR_LEN_WORD_SIZE) #if 0 /* See Note #1a. */ #define NET_TCP_HDR_SIZE_MAX (NET_TCP_HDR_LEN_MAX * NET_TCP_HDR_LEN_WORD_SIZE) #endif #define NET_TCP_HDR_SIZE_TOT_MIN (NET_IP_HDR_SIZE_TOT_MIN + NET_TCP_HDR_SIZE_MIN) #define NET_TCP_HDR_SIZE_TOT_MAX (NET_IP_HDR_SIZE_TOT_MAX + NET_TCP_HDR_SIZE_MAX) #define NET_TCP_PSEUDO_HDR_SIZE 12u /* = sizeof(NET_TCP_PSEUDO_HDR) */ #define NET_TCP_PORT_NBR_RESERVED NET_PORT_NBR_RESERVED #define NET_TCP_PORT_NBR_NONE NET_TCP_PORT_NBR_RESERVED #define NET_TCP_HDR_URG_PTR_NONE 0x0000u /* See Note #2. */ /*$PAGE*/ /* ********************************************************************************************************* * TCP HEADER FLAG DEFINES * * Note(s) : (1) See 'TCP HEADER Note #2' for flag fields. * * (2) Urgent pointer & data NOT supported (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1b'). ********************************************************************************************************* */ #define NET_TCP_HDR_FLAG_MASK 0x0FFFu #define NET_TCP_HDR_FLAG_NONE DEF_BIT_NONE #define NET_TCP_HDR_FLAG_RESERVED 0x0FE0u /* MUST be '0'. */ #define NET_TCP_HDR_FLAG_URGENT DEF_BIT_05 /* See Note #2. */ #define NET_TCP_HDR_FLAG_ACK DEF_BIT_04 #define NET_TCP_HDR_FLAG_PUSH DEF_BIT_03 #define NET_TCP_HDR_FLAG_RESET DEF_BIT_02 #define NET_TCP_HDR_FLAG_SYNC DEF_BIT_01 #define NET_TCP_HDR_FLAG_FIN DEF_BIT_00 #define NET_TCP_HDR_FLAG_CLOSE NET_TCP_HDR_FLAG_FIN /* ********************************************************************************************************* * TCP FLAG DEFINES ********************************************************************************************************* */ /* ------------------ NET TCP FLAGS ------------------- */ #define NET_TCP_FLAG_NONE DEF_BIT_NONE #define NET_TCP_FLAG_USED DEF_BIT_00 /* TCP conn cur used; i.e. NOT in free TCP conn pool. */ /* ------------------ TCP TX FLAGS ------------------- */ /* TCP tx flags copied from TCP hdr flags. */ #define NET_TCP_FLAG_TX_FIN NET_TCP_HDR_FLAG_FIN #define NET_TCP_FLAG_TX_CLOSE NET_TCP_FLAG_TX_FIN #define NET_TCP_FLAG_TX_SYNC NET_TCP_HDR_FLAG_SYNC #define NET_TCP_FLAG_TX_RESET NET_TCP_HDR_FLAG_RESET #define NET_TCP_FLAG_TX_PUSH NET_TCP_HDR_FLAG_PUSH #define NET_TCP_FLAG_TX_ACK NET_TCP_HDR_FLAG_ACK #define NET_TCP_FLAG_TX_URGENT NET_TCP_HDR_FLAG_URGENT #define NET_TCP_FLAG_TX_BLOCK DEF_BIT_07 /* ------------------ TCP RX FLAGS ------------------- */ #define NET_TCP_FLAG_RX_DATA_PEEK DEF_BIT_08 #define NET_TCP_FLAG_RX_BLOCK DEF_BIT_15 /*$PAGE*/ /* ********************************************************************************************************* * TCP TYPE DEFINES * * Note(s) : (1) NET_TCP_TYPE_&&& #define values specifically chosen as ASCII representations of the TCP * types. Memory displays of TCP types will display with their chosen ASCII names. ********************************************************************************************************* */ /* ------------------ NET TCP TYPES ------------------- */ #if (CPU_CFG_ENDIAN_TYPE == CPU_ENDIAN_TYPE_BIG) #define NET_TCP_TYPE_NONE 0x4E4F4E45u /* "NONE" in ASCII. */ #define NET_TCP_TYPE_CONN 0x54435020u /* "TCP " in ASCII. */ #else #if (CPU_CFG_DATA_SIZE == CPU_WORD_SIZE_32) #define NET_TCP_TYPE_NONE 0x454E4F4Eu /* "NONE" in ASCII. */ #define NET_TCP_TYPE_CONN 0x20504354u /* "TCP " in ASCII. */ #elif (CPU_CFG_DATA_SIZE == CPU_WORD_SIZE_16) #define NET_TCP_TYPE_NONE 0x4F4E454Eu /* "NONE" in ASCII. */ #define NET_TCP_TYPE_CONN 0x43542050u /* "TCP " in ASCII. */ #else /* Dflt CPU_WORD_SIZE_08. */ #define NET_TCP_TYPE_NONE 0x4E4F4E45u /* "NONE" in ASCII. */ #define NET_TCP_TYPE_CONN 0x54435020u /* "TCP " in ASCII. */ #endif #endif /* ********************************************************************************************************* * TCP SEQUENCE NUMBER DEFINES * * Note(s) : (1) TCP initial transmit sequence number is incremented by a fixed value, preferably a large * prime value or a large value with multiple unique factors. * * (a) One reasonable TCP initial transmit sequence number increment value example : * * 65527 = 37 * 23 * 11 * 7 * * * #### NET_TCP_TX_SEQ_NBR_CTR_INC could be developer-configured in 'net_cfg.h'. * * See also 'NET_TCP_TX_GET_SEQ_NBR() Notes #1b2 & #1c2'. ********************************************************************************************************* */ #define NET_TCP_SEQ_NBR_NONE 0u #define NET_TCP_ACK_NBR_NONE NET_TCP_SEQ_NBR_NONE #define NET_TCP_TX_SEQ_NBR_CTR_INC 65527u /* See Note #1. */ #define NET_TCP_ACK_NBR_DUP_WIN_SIZE_SCALE 4 /*$PAGE*/ /* ********************************************************************************************************* * TCP DATA/TOTAL LENGTH DEFINES * * Note(s) : (1) (a) TCP total length #define's (NET_TCP_TOT_LEN) relate to the total size of a complete * TCP packet, including the packet's TCP header. Note that a complete TCP packet MAY * be fragmented in multiple Internet Protocol packets. * * (b) TCP data length #define's (NET_TCP_DATA_LEN) relate to the data size of a complete * TCP packet, equal to the total TCP packet length minus its TCP header size. Note * that a complete TCP packet MAY be fragmented in multiple Internet Protocol packets. ********************************************************************************************************* */ /* See Notes #1a & #1b. */ #define NET_TCP_DATA_LEN_MIN 0u #define NET_TCP_TOT_LEN_MIN (NET_TCP_HDR_SIZE_MIN + NET_TCP_DATA_LEN_MIN) #define NET_TCP_TOT_LEN_MAX (NET_IP_TOT_LEN_MAX - NET_IP_HDR_SIZE_MIN ) #define NET_TCP_DATA_LEN_MAX (NET_TCP_TOT_LEN_MAX - NET_TCP_HDR_SIZE_MIN) /*$PAGE*/ /* ********************************************************************************************************* * TCP SEGMENT SIZE DEFINES * * Note(s) : (1) (a) RFC # 879, Section 3 states that the TCP Maximum Segment Size "counts only * data octets in the segment, ... not the TCP header or the IP header". * * (b) RFC #1122, Section 4.2.2.6 requires that : * * (1) "The MSS value to be sent in an MSS option must be less than or equal to * * (A) MMS_R - 20 * * where MMS_R is the maximum size for a transport-layer message that can * be received." * * (2) "If an MSS option is not received at connection setup, TCP MUST assume a * default send MSS of 536 (576 - 40)." * * See also 'net_ip.h IP DATA/TOTAL LENGTH DEFINES Note #1'. ********************************************************************************************************* */ /* See Note #1. */ #define NET_TCP_MAX_SEG_SIZE_DFLT (NET_IP_MAX_DATAGRAM_SIZE_DFLT - NET_IP_HDR_SIZE_MIN - NET_TCP_HDR_SIZE_MIN) #define NET_TCP_MAX_SEG_SIZE_DFLT_RX NET_TCP_DATA_LEN_MAX /* See Note #1b1. */ #define NET_TCP_MAX_SEG_SIZE_DFLT_TX NET_TCP_MAX_SEG_SIZE_DFLT /* See Note #1b2. */ #define NET_TCP_MAX_SEG_SIZE_NONE 0u #define NET_TCP_MAX_SEG_SIZE_MIN NET_TCP_MAX_SEG_SIZE_DFLT #define NET_TCP_MAX_SEG_SIZE_MAX NET_TCP_DATA_LEN_MAX #define NET_TCP_SEG_LEN_MIN NET_TCP_DATA_LEN_MIN #define NET_TCP_SEG_LEN_MAX NET_TCP_DATA_LEN_MAX #define NET_TCP_SEG_LEN_SYNC 1u #define NET_TCP_SEG_LEN_FIN 1u #define NET_TCP_SEG_LEN_CLOSE NET_TCP_SEG_LEN_FIN #define NET_TCP_SEG_LEN_ACK 0u #define NET_TCP_SEG_LEN_RESET 0u #define NET_TCP_SEG_LEN_PROBE 0u #define NET_TCP_DATA_LEN_TX_SYNC 0u #define NET_TCP_DATA_LEN_TX_FIN 0u #define NET_TCP_DATA_LEN_TX_CLOSE NET_TCP_DATA_LEN_TX_FIN #define NET_TCP_DATA_LEN_TX_ACK 0u #define NET_TCP_DATA_LEN_TX_PROBE_NO_DATA 0u #define NET_TCP_DATA_LEN_TX_PROBE_DATA 1u #define NET_TCP_DATA_LEN_TX_RESET 0u #define NET_TCP_TX_PROBE_DATA 0x00u /* ********************************************************************************************************* * TCP WINDOW SIZE DEFINES * * Note(s) : (1) Although NO RFC specifies the absolute minimum TCP connection window size value allowed, * RFC #793, Section 3.7 'Data Communication : Managing the Window' states that for "the * window ... there is an assumption that this is related to the currently available data * buffer space available for this connection". ********************************************************************************************************* */ #define NET_TCP_WIN_SIZE_NONE 0u #define NET_TCP_WIN_SIZE_MIN NET_TCP_MAX_SEG_SIZE_MIN #define NET_TCP_WIN_SIZE_MAX DEF_INT_16U_MAX_VAL /*$PAGE*/ /* ********************************************************************************************************* * TCP HEADER OPTIONS DEFINES * * Note(s) : (1) See the following RFC's for TCP options summary : * * (a) RFC # 793, Section 3.1 'Header Format : Options' * (b) RFC #1122; Sections 4.2.2.5, 4.2.2.6 * * (2) TCP option types are encoded in the first octet for each TCP option as follows : * * -------- * | TYPE | * -------- * * The TCP option type value determines the TCP option format : * * (a) The following TCP option types are single-octet TCP options -- i.e. the option type * octet is the ONLY octet for the TCP option. * * (1) TYPE = 0 End of Options List * (2) TYPE = 1 No Operation * * * (b) All other TCP options MUST be multi-octet TCP options (see RFC #1122, Section 4.2.2.5) : * * ------------------------------ * | TYPE | LEN | TCP OPT | * ------------------------------ * * where * TYPE Indicates the specific TCP option type * LEN Indicates the total TCP option length, in octets, including * the option type & the option length octets * TCP OPT Additional TCP option octets, if any, that contain the remaining * TCP option information * * The following TCP option types are multi-octet TCP options where the option's second * octet specify the total TCP option length, in octets, including the option type & the * option length octets : * * (1) TYPE = 2 Maximum Segment Size See RFC # 793, Section 3.1 'Header Format : * Options : Maximum Segment Size'; * RFC #1122, Section 4.2.2.6; * RFC # 879, Section 3 * * (2) TYPE = 3 Window Scale See 'net_tcp.h Note #1c1' * (3) TYPE = 4 SACK Allowed See 'net_tcp.h Note #1c2' * (4) TYPE = 5 SACK Option See 'net_tcp.h Note #1c2' * (5) TYPE = 6 Echo Request See 'net_tcp.h Note #1c3' * (6) TYPE = 7 Echo reply See 'net_tcp.h Note #1c3' * (7) TYPE = 8 Timestamp See 'net_tcp.h Note #1c4' * * (3) TCP header allows for a maximum option list length of 40 octets : * * NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_SIZE_MAX = NET_TCP_HDR_SIZE_MAX - NET_TCP_HDR_SIZE_MIN * * = 60 - 20 * * = 40 * * (4) 'NET_TCP_OPT_SIZE' MUST be pre-defined PRIOR to all definitions that require TCP option * size data type. ********************************************************************************************************* */ /*$PAGE*/ #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_END_LIST 0u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_NOP 1u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_MAX_SEG_SIZE 2u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_WIN_SCALE 3u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_SACK_PERMIT 4u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_SACK 5u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_ECHO_REQ 6u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_ECHO_reply 7u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_TS 8u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_PAD NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_END_LIST #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_LEN_END_LIST 1u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_LEN_NOP 1u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_LEN_MAX_SEG_SIZE 4u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_LEN_WIN_SCALE 3u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_LEN_SACK_PERMIT 2u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_LEN_ECHO_REQ 6u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_LEN_ECHO_reply 6u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_LEN_TS 10u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_LEN_SACK_MIN 6u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_LEN_SACK_MAX 38u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_LEN_MIN 1u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_LEN_MIN_LEN 2u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_LEN_MAX 38u typedef CPU_INT32U NET_TCP_OPT_SIZE; /* TCP opt size data type (see Note #4). */ #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_SIZE_WORD (sizeof(NET_TCP_OPT_SIZE)) #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_SIZE_MAX (NET_TCP_HDR_SIZE_MAX - NET_TCP_HDR_SIZE_MIN) #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_NBR_MIN 0u #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_NBR_MAX (NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_SIZE_MAX / NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_SIZE_WORD) #define NET_TCP_HDR_OPT_IX NET_TCP_HDR_SIZE_MIN /*$PAGE*/ /* ********************************************************************************************************* * TCP OPTION CONFIGURATION TYPE DEFINES * * Note(s) : (1) NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_&&& #define values specifically chosen as ASCII representations of * the TCP option configuration types. Memory displays of TCP option configuration buffers * will display the TCP option configuration TYPEs with their chosen ASCII names. ********************************************************************************************************* */ /* ---------------- TCP OPT CFG TYPES ----------------- */ #if (CPU_CFG_ENDIAN_TYPE == CPU_ENDIAN_TYPE_BIG) #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_NONE 0x4E4F4E45u /* "NONE" in ASCII. */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_MAX_SEG_SIZE 0x4D535320u /* "MSS " in ASCII. */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_WIN_SCALE 0x57494E20u /* "WIN " in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c1'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_SACK_PERMIT 0x53434B50u /* "SCKP" in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c2'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_SACK 0x5341434Bu /* "SACK" in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c2'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_ECHO_REQ 0x45524551u /* "EREQ" in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c3'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_ECHO_reply 0x4543484Fu /* "ECHO" in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c3'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_TS 0x54532020u /* "TS " in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c4'). */ #else #if (CPU_CFG_DATA_SIZE == CPU_WORD_SIZE_32) #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_NONE 0x454E4F4Eu /* "NONE" in ASCII. */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_MAX_SEG_SIZE 0x2053534Du /* "MSS " in ASCII. */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_WIN_SCALE 0x204E4957u /* "WIN " in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c1'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_SACK_PERMIT 0x504B4353u /* "SCKP" in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c2'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_SACK 0x4B434153u /* "SACK" in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c2'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_ECHO_REQ 0x51455245u /* "EREQ" in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c3'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_ECHO_reply 0x4F484345u /* "ECHO" in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c3'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_TS 0x20205354u /* "TS " in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c4'). */ #elif (CPU_CFG_DATA_SIZE == CPU_WORD_SIZE_16) #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_NONE 0x4F4E454Eu /* "NONE" in ASCII. */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_MAX_SEG_SIZE 0x534D2053u /* "MSS " in ASCII. */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_WIN_SCALE 0x4957204Eu /* "WIN " in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c1'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_SACK_PERMIT 0x4353504Bu /* "SCKP" in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c2'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_SACK 0x41534B43u /* "SACK" in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c2'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_ECHO_REQ 0x52455145u /* "EREQ" in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c3'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_ECHO_reply 0x43454F48u /* "ECHO" in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c3'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_TS 0x53542020u /* "TS " in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c4'). */ #else /* Dflt CPU_WORD_SIZE_08. */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_NONE 0x4E4F4E45u /* "NONE" in ASCII. */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_MAX_SEG_SIZE 0x4D535320u /* "MSS " in ASCII. */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_WIN_SCALE 0x57494E20u /* "WIN " in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c1'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_SACK_PERMIT 0x53434B50u /* "SCKP" in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c2'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_SACK 0x5341434Bu /* "SACK" in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c2'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_ECHO_REQ 0x45524551u /* "EREQ" in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c3'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_ECHO_reply 0x4543484Fu /* "ECHO" in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c3'). */ #define NET_TCP_OPT_CFG_TYPE_TS 0x54532020u /* "TS " in ASCII (see 'net_tcp.h Note #1c4'). */ #endif #endif /*$PAGE*/ /* ********************************************************************************************************* * TCP CONNECTION TIMEOUT DEFINES * * Note(s) : (1) (a) (1) RFC #1122, Section 4.2.2.13 'DISCUSSION' states that "the graceful close algorithm * of TCP requires that the connection state remain defined on (at least) one end of * the connection, for a timeout period of 2xMSL ... During this period, the (remote * socket, local socket) pair that defines the connection is busy and cannot be reused". * * (2) The following sections reiterate that the TIME-WAIT state timeout scalar is two * maximum segment lifetimes (2 MSL) : * * (A) RFC #793, Section 3.9 'Event Processing : SEGMENT ARRIVES : * Check Sequence Number : TIME-WAIT STATE' * (B) RFC #793, Section 3.9 'Event Processing : SEGMENT ARRIVES : * Check FIN Bit : TIME-WAIT STATE' * * (b) (1) RFC #793, Section 3.3 'Sequence Numbers : Knowing When to Keep Quiet' states that * "the Maximum Segment Lifetime (MSL) is ... to be 2 minutes. This is an engineering * choice, and may be changed if experience indicates it is desirable to do so". * * (2) Microsoft Corporation's Windows XP defaults MSL to 15 seconds. ********************************************************************************************************* */ /* Max seg timeout (see Note #1b) : */ #define NET_TCP_CONN_TIMEOUT_MAX_SEG_MIN_SEC ( 0u ) /* ... min = 0 seconds */ #define NET_TCP_CONN_TIMEOUT_MAX_SEG_MAX_SEC ( 2u * DEF_TIME_NBR_SEC_PER_MIN) /* ... max = 2 minutes */ #define NET_TCP_CONN_TIMEOUT_MAX_SEG_DFLT_SEC ( 15u ) /* ... dflt = 15 seconds */ #define NET_TCP_CONN_TIMEOUT_MAX_SEG_SCALAR 2u /* ... scalar (see Note #1a). */ #define NET_TCP_CONN_TIMEOUT_CONN_DFLT_SEC (120u * DEF_TIME_NBR_SEC_PER_MIN) /* Dflt conn timeout = 120 minutes */ #define NET_TCP_CONN_TIMEOUT_USER_DFLT_SEC ( 30u * DEF_TIME_NBR_SEC_PER_MIN) /* Dflt user timeout = 30 minutes */ /*$PAGE*/ /* ********************************************************************************************************* * TCP CONNECTION STATES * * Note(s) : (1) See the following RFC's for TCP state machine summary : * * (a) RFC # 793; Sections 3.2, 3.4, 3.5, 3.9 * (b) RFC #1122; Sections 4.2.2.8, 4.2.2.10, 4.2.2.11, 4.2.2.13, 4.2.2.18, 4.2.2.20 * * (2) (a) #### Additional closing-data-available state used for closing connections to allow the * application layer to receive any remaining data. * * See also 'net_tcp.c NetTCP_RxPktConnHandlerFinWait1() Note #2f5A2', * 'net_tcp.c NetTCP_RxPktConnHandlerFinWait2() Note #2f5B', * 'net_tcp.c NetTCP_RxPktConnHandlerClosing() Note #2d2B2a1B', * & 'net_tcp.c NetTCP_RxPktConnHandlerLastAck() Note #2d2A1b'. ********************************************************************************************************* */ #define NET_TCP_CONN_STATE_NONE 0u #define NET_TCP_CONN_STATE_FREE 1u #define NET_TCP_CONN_STATE_CLOSED 10u #define NET_TCP_CONN_STATE_LISTEN 20u #define NET_TCP_CONN_STATE_SYNC_RXD 30u #define NET_TCP_CONN_STATE_SYNC_RXD_PASSIVE 31u #define NET_TCP_CONN_STATE_SYNC_RXD_ACTIVE 32u #define NET_TCP_CONN_STATE_SYNC_TXD 35u #define NET_TCP_CONN_STATE_CONN 40u #define NET_TCP_CONN_STATE_FIN_WAIT_1 50u #define NET_TCP_CONN_STATE_FIN_WAIT_2 51u #define NET_TCP_CONN_STATE_CLOSING 52u #define NET_TCP_CONN_STATE_TIME_WAIT 53u #define NET_TCP_CONN_STATE_CLOSE_WAIT 55u #define NET_TCP_CONN_STATE_LAST_ACK 56u #define NET_TCP_CONN_STATE_CLOSING_DATA_AVAIL 59u /* See Note #2a. */ /* ********************************************************************************************************* * TCP CONNECTION QUEUE STATES ********************************************************************************************************* */ #define NET_TCP_RX_Q_STATE_NONE 0u #define NET_TCP_RX_Q_STATE_CLOSED 100u #define NET_TCP_RX_Q_STATE_CLOSING 101u #define NET_TCP_RX_Q_STATE_SYNC 110u #define NET_TCP_RX_Q_STATE_CONN 111u #define NET_TCP_TX_Q_STATE_NONE 0u #define NET_TCP_TX_Q_STATE_CLOSED 200u #define NET_TCP_TX_Q_STATE_CLOSING 201u #define NET_TCP_TX_Q_STATE_SYNC 210u #define NET_TCP_TX_Q_STATE_CONN 211u #define NET_TCP_TX_Q_STATE_SUSPEND 215u #define NET_TCP_TX_Q_STATE_CLOSED_SUSPEND 220u #define NET_TCP_TX_Q_STATE_CLOSING_SUSPEND 221u /*$PAGE*/ /* ********************************************************************************************************* * TCP CONNECTION CODE DEFINES **************
上传时间： 2015-11-22
上传用户：the same kong
第1章 引 言产业界人士和观察家（甚至包括那些经过多年外层空间旅行刚刚返回这个世界的人）都已经很清楚，因特网（ I n t e r n e t）发展所达到的地位和其所产生的现象都不同于本世纪或上世纪所提出的任何一种技术。 I n t e r n e t的延伸和影响范围、有关 I n t e r n e t 出版物、以及包括美国在线（A O L）、美国电报电话公司（ AT & T）和微软公司等I n t e r n e t产业界的大量风险投资者，这一切都会使我们有一种纷繁迷乱的感觉。所有这些都是通过这样或那样的方式与 I n t e r n e t连接起来。I n t e r n e t也是Joe Sixpack和Fortune 1000这样的网站每天都关心、考虑和使用的唯一技术。或许I n t e r n e t是世界上少有的几个能够以相同的平等程度来对待每一个用户的实体组织之一。一个企业的首席执行官（ C E O）如果想给公司提供更好的网络服务保证，他必须建立一个专用网络。而在I n t e r n e t中，每一个人对网络的访问都是平等的。I n t e r n e t的发展并没有损害到那些在过去 1 5 0年中所发展起来的其他技术。的确，电话技术是相当重要的，它可以使我们能够在双方不见面的情况下通过声音与线路另一端的人通话。同样，汽车也改变了我们的生活，汽车的出现能够使我们在一天之内跨越更大的距离，而这个距离要比任何其他动物多出一个数量级。电灯、无线电和电视都曾经是改善我们日常生活的十分重要的技术，扩展了我们在非睡眠状态的时间，向我们传播各种信息，使我们享受更多的娱乐。我们已经在很大程度上解决了生存问题。大多数人的饭桌上有足够的食品、有温暖的住所，并且都有一个工作场所，可以每天早出晚归地工作。我们也可以不必被动地接收各种电视节目，而可以轻松地使用遥控器选择欣赏自己喜爱的频道。I n t e r n e t除了有把事情变得更好的能力外，也可能会把事情搞得更糟。在好的一方面，I n t e r n e t能够使我们在世界范围同人们进行对等通信；使我们能够访问那些存储在数以百万计的网络计算机上的几乎无限的大量信息。一些功能强大的搜索引擎能够使我们更加简单和迅速地实现对有用、有意义的信息资源的定位。不同阶段的商务活动，包括从最初的偶然兴趣直到成熟的采购定单等，都可以在 I n t e r n e t上完成。甚至于许多人已经开始幻想在将来的某天，I n t e r n e t能使我们不再需要每天早起去上班了。人们可以靠在枕头上使用一台膝上型计算机（或许将来可能出现的任何先进的计算机）通过拨接 I n t e r n e t对所有的商务活动和某些消遣娱乐进行管理和维护。在不利的一方面，I n t e r n e t也可能使我们成为有电子怪癖的人，使我们缺乏与其他人进行直接交流的能力。人们仅有的非睡眠时间都将被耗费在计算机的荧光屏前，不停地键入I n t e r n e t地址（U R L）或指向其他的超级链接。最令人不安的是，由于“等待回应（ W F R E，waiting for reply）”而浪费的时间是不可挽回的。 W F R E现象的出现是由于I n t e r n e t上太拥塞、太慢，以至于你的浏览器似乎进入了一个永久“等待回应”的状态。有时候它只是几秒钟的问题；另一些情况下可能是几分钟。你在 W F R E状态下盯着计算机荧光屏等待所花费的时间第一部分 概 述是相当大的，这些时间的总和可能会是一个令人吃惊的数字，其数量级或许是几个月甚至几年。我们所讨论的要点在于：1) Internet已经经历了巨大的增长过程，并且这种增长将会继续。2) 不论是居民用户或者是团体用户， I n t e r n e t都受到了同等的欢迎。对于后者， I n t e r n e t还意味着新的收入增长点。3) 一些实力很强并且有创造力的产业巨头正在致力于 I n t e r n e t的应用，以便为其企业自身及其消费者提供有利条件。无庸置疑，不论是偶尔对 I n t e r n e t的临时使用还是正式规范地应用I n t e r n e t，都将导致对I n t e r n e t更多的兴趣和广告宣传。与此同时，也将伴随着 I n t e r n e t应用和及其流量的成比例的增长。4) 目前I n t e r n e t的带宽和容量还是缺乏的，这导致了 I n t e r n e t上不稳定的响应时间和不可预知的性能。同时产生的问题是， I n t e r n e t是否有能力支持未来的、高带宽需求的、时延敏感的应用？或者说I n t e r n e t是否有能力支持居民对带宽容量的适度增长的需求？我们是如何进入了这样一个不稳定的状态呢？这个问题有若干答案，但其中没有一个是真正有权威性的解释，或许还有一些是可以根本不考虑的。首先， I n t e r n e t是其自身成功的一个受害者。每一天都有新的用户加入到 I n t e r n e t中，越来越多的人不停地使用浏览器通过一个We b站点搜寻他们所感兴趣的下一个 We b站点。由于访问 I n t e r n e t的价格仅是电话的市话费用附加一个适度的费率，因此并没有一个价格上的保护手段来防止某些浏览者对 I n t e r n e t资源的长时间占用。另一种资源的缺乏不一定是由于网络资源的不足引起的，而更大程度上是由于服务器的资源不足造成的。对某些服务器或服务器阵列来说，突发性的连接请求所引起的负荷和突发的频度可能大大超过了这些服务器的处理能力。这种突发的大量的连接请求一般发生在大量的客户试图同时访问同一个 We b服务器的时候。这个问题可以被认为是一个临时性的问题，因为服务器的供应商通常会不断地提供新型的内容服务器主机、负载平衡器、 We b缓存器等来使该问题得到缓解 。另一个问题是某些链路可能正好没有足够的带宽来支持业务所提供的流量负荷。这个问题的部分解决方案当然是增加更多的带宽；一些新的技术，如波分复用（ W D M）技术，似乎可以为用户提供几乎无限的带宽。所有这些我们上述所讨论的问题都是造成 I n t e r n e t及I n t r a n e t（I n t r a n e t是I n t e r n e t在企业范围内的一个著名的复制品）性能极其不稳定的重要因素。在这些问题中，有很多都已经被研究清楚了；虽然其中有些诸如价格等问题是不可能在一夜之间得到解决的，但是我们至少已经知道解决方案是存在的，并且可以在不久的将来得到应用。然而，有关I n t e r n e t性能和基于I P协议进行网络互连的最基本问题，很大程度上还在于基本 I P路由转发处理过程和该功能的实现平台。
标签： ip交换技术
上传时间： 2022-07-27
上传用户：fliang
