数字信息在有噪声的信道中传输时,受到噪声的影响,误码总是不可避免的。根据香农信息理论,只要使es/N0足够大,就可以达到任意小的误码率。采用差错控制编码,即信道编码技术,可以在一定的es/N0条件下有效地降低误码率。按照对信息元处理方式不同,信道编码分为分组码与卷积码两类。卷积码的k0和n0较小,实现最佳译码与准最佳译码更加容易。卷积码运用广泛,被ITU选入第三代移动通信系统,作为包括WCDMA,CDMA2000和TD-SCDMA在内的信道编码的标准方案。 本文研究了CDMA2000业务通道中的帧结构,对CDMA2000系统中的卷积码特性及维特比译码的性能限进行了分析,并基于MATLAB平台做了相应的译码性能仿真。我们设计了一种可用于CDMA2000通信系统的通用、高速维特比译码器。该译码器在设计上具有以下创新之处:(1)采用通用码表结构,支持可变码率;帧控制模块和频率控制器模块的设计中采用计数器、定时器等器件实现了可变帧长、可变数据速率的数据帧处理方式。(2)结合流水线结构思想,利用四个ACS模块并行运行,加快数据处理速度;在ACS模块中,将路径度量值存贮器的存储结构进行优化,防止数据读写的阻塞,缩短存储器读写时间,使译码器的处理速度更快。(3)为了防止路径度量值和幸存路径长度的溢出,提出了保护处理策略。我们还将设计结果在APEXEP20K30E芯片上进行了硬件实现。该译码器芯片具有可变的码率和帧长处理能力,可以运行于40MHZ系统时钟下,内部最高译码速度可达625kbps。本文所提出的维特比译码器硬件结构具有很强的通用性和高速性,可以方便地应用于CDMA2000移动通信系统。
上传时间: 2013-06-24
上传用户:lingduhanya
While simplicity and high effi ciency (for cool running) areno longer optional features in isolated power supplies, itis traditionally diffi cult to achieve both. Achieving higheffi ciency often requires the use of advanced topologiesand home-brewed secondary synchronous rectifi cationschemes once reserved only for higher power applications.This only adds to the parts count and to the designcomplexity associated with the reference and optocouplercircuits typically used to maintain isolation. Fortunately, abreakthrough IC makes it possible to achieve both high efficiency and simplicity in a synchronous fl yback topology.The LT®3825 simplifi es and improves the performance oflow voltage, high current fl yback supplies by providingprecise synchronous rectifi er timing and eliminating theneed for optocoupler feedback while maintaining excellentregulation and superior loop response.
上传时间: 2013-10-16
上传用户:wayne595
Once relegated to the hinterlands of low cost indicatorlights, the LED is again in the spotlight of the lightingworld. LED lighting is now ubiquitous, from car headlightsto USB-powered lava lamps. Car headlights exemplifyapplications that capitalize on the LED’s clear advantages—unwavering high quality light output, tough-assteelrobustness, inherent high effi ciency—while a USBlava lamp exemplifi es applications where only LEDs work.Despite these clear advantages, their requirement forregulated voltage and current make LED driver circuitsmore complex than the venerable light bulb, but some newdevices are closing the gap. For instance, the LTM®8040μModule™ LED driver integrates all the driver circuitryinto a single package, allowing designers to refocus theirtime and effort on the details of lighting design criticalto a product’s success.
上传时间: 2013-10-16
上传用户:togetsomething
The LTM8020, LTM8021, LTM8022 and LTM8023 μModule®regulators are complete easy-to-use encapsulated stepdownDC/DC regulators intended to take the pain and aggravationout of implementing a switching power supplyonto a system board. With a μModule regulator, you onlyneed an input cap, output cap and one or two resistorsto complete the design. As one might imagine, this highlevel of integration greatly simplifi es the task of printedcircuit board design, reducing the effort to four categories:component footprint generation, component placement,routing the nets, and thermal vias.
上传时间: 2014-01-18
上传用户:laomv123
这堂课将使用OpenGL® es、OpenCL™及OpenVG™来讨论i.MX 6系列的基本GPU编程知识,还将探索与i.MX 6系列一起使用的GPU PC开发工具。
上传时间: 2014-12-30
上传用户:wmwai1314
WebMail is a server application that allows ISPs to provide a WWW interface for each user to his mailbox(es)
标签: application interface WebMail provide
上传时间: 2015-01-12
上传用户:yph853211
* This function positions the cursor at the specified * x,y coordinate. It uses the ANSI standard esCAPE * * sequence to produce the desired effect. Its not the * * fastest way to position the cursor, but perhaps the * * most portable. *
标签: the coordinate positions specified
上传时间: 2015-02-24
上传用户:chenjjer
通过CAN总线,按内燃液传摆式动车组网络CAN总线通信协议与ECM通信 2. 通过RS485总线,按EKE机箱CPU的RS485协议议与EKE机箱CPU通信 3. 通过RS422总线,按esW公司倾摆装置RS422协议与倾摆控制装置通信
上传时间: 2014-01-15
上传用户:wendy15
marte为用ada语言开发的嵌入式操作系统 ada语言是美国国防部指定的军用语言,用它开发操作系统有独到之处。marte的功能较全面,是一个功能完备的操作系统。具体内容可以登录其主页 http://marte.unican.es/contents.html
上传时间: 2013-12-31
上传用户:zhoujunzhen
从表面上看,保护模式和实模式并没有太大的区别,二者都使用了内存段、中断和设备驱动来处理硬件,但二者有很多不同之处。我们知道,在实模式中内存被划分成段,每个段的大小为64KB,而这样的段地址可以用16位来表示。内存段的处理是通过和段寄存器相关联的内部机制来处理的,这些段寄存器(CS、DS、 SS和es)的内容形成了物理地址的一部分。具体来说,最终的物理地址是由16位的段地址和16位的段内偏移地址组成的。用公式表示为:物理地址=左移4位的段地址+偏移地址。
标签: 表面
上传时间: 2015-11-16
上传用户:manking0408