Abstract: The rapid build out of today's smart grid raises a number of security questions. In this article,we review two recent well-documented security breaches and a report of a security gap. These situationsinclude a 2009 smart-meter hack in Puerto Rico; a 2012 password discovery in grid distributionequipment; and insecure storage of a private key in distribution automation equipment. For each of theseattacks, we examine the breach, the potential threat, and secure silicon methods that, as part of acomplete security strategy, can help thwart the attacks.
上传时间： 2013-10-27
上传用户：tecman
Portable, battery-powered operation of electronic apparatushas become increasingly desirable. Medical, remotedata acquisition, power monitoring and other applicationsare good candidates for batteryoperation. In some circumstances,due to space, power or reliability considerations,it is preferable to operate the circuitry from a single 1.5Vcell. Unfortunately, a 1.5V supply eliminates almost alllinear ICs as design candidates. In fact, the LM10 opamp-reference and the LT®1017/LT1018 comparators arethe only IC gain blocks fully specifi ed for 1.5V operation.Further complications are presented by the 600mV dropof silicon transistors and diodes. This limitation consumesa substantial portion of available supply range, makingcircuit design diffi cult. Additionally, any circuit designedfor 1.5V operation mustfunction at end-of-life batteryvoltage, typically 1.3V. (See Box Section, “Componentsfor 1.5V Operation.”)
标签： Circuitry Operation Single Cell
上传时间： 2013-10-30
上传用户：hz07104032
产品说明 PaxScan3030 是通常被称为平板探测器（FPD）的实时数字 X 射线成像设备。主要系统部件包括 30x30cm、194μm 像素的非晶硅FPD,全球通用的双输出电源。通过采用 Va r i an 公司独有的高灵敏度碘化铯闪烁体，具有优秀的电子吸收能力使其在低剂量范围仍有优秀的表现力。基于 windows2000 的应用程序和通信命令库（DLL）可以帮助 OEM 客户尝试开发自身系统接口。该探测器为 X射线系统制造商进行系统整合而设计。
标签： AMORPHOUS PaxScan SILICON 3030
上传时间： 2013-11-25
上传用户：瓦力瓦力hong
C函数速查手册 出版社：人民邮电出版社 《C函数速查手册》中所讲的C语言函数按照功能顺序和字母顺序进行排序，读者既可以按照功能顺序查找，也可以按照字母顺序学习。《C函数速查手册》不仅适合于C语言初学者学习使用，而且也可以作为中、高级C语言开发人员的参考手册。 目录 第1章 数学函数 1.1 _clear87函数：清除浮点状态字 1.2 _status87函数：取浮点状态字 1.3 abs函数：求整数的绝对值 1.4 acos、acosl函数：反余弦函数 1.5 asin、asinl函数：反正弦函数 1.6 atan函数：反正切函数 1.7 atan2、atan2l函数：计算Y/X的反正切值 1.8 cabs函数：计算复数的模 1.9 ceil函数：向上取整 1.10 cos函数：余弦函数 1.11 cosh函数：双曲余弦函数 1.12 div函数：求两个整数相除的商和余数 1.13 exp函数：指数函数 1.14 fabs函数：求浮点数的绝对值 1.15 floor函数：向下取整 1.16 fmod函数：计算x对y的模 1.17 frexp函数：将浮点数分为底数与指数 1.18 hypot函数：计算直角三角形的斜边 1.19 labs函数：取长整数的绝对值 1.20 ldexp、ldexpl函数：幂计算 1.21 ldiv函数：两个长整型数相除 1.22 log、logl函数：计算自然对数 1.23 log10、log10l函数：计算常用对数 1.24 max函数：求两个数中的最大者 1.25 min函数：求两个数中的最小者 1.26 modf、modfl函数：分割数为整数部分和小数部分 1.27 poly函数：计算多项式 1.28 pow函数：指数函数 1.29 pow10函数：指数函数 1.30 rand函数：随机数发生器 1.31 random函数：随机数发生器 1.32 randomize函数：初始化随机数发生器 1.33 sin函数：正弦函数 1.34 sinh函数：双曲正弦函数 1.35 sqrt函数：计算平方根 1.36 srand函数：初始化随机数发生器 1.37 tan、tanl函数：正切函数 1.38 tanh、tanhl函数：双曲正切函数 第2章 字符串函数 2.1 atof函数：把字符串转换成浮点数 2.2 atoi函数：将字符串转换成整型数 2.3 atol函数：将字符串转换成长整型数 2.4 ecvt函数：将浮点数转换为字符串 2.5 fcvt函数：将浮点数转换为字符串 2.6 gcvt函数：将浮点数转换成字符串 2.7 itoa函数：将整数值转换为字符串 2.8 isalnum函数：字母、数字判断函数 2.9 isalpha函数：字母判断函数 2.10 isascii函数：整数值的字符分类 2.11 iscntrl函数：控制字符判断函数 2.12 isdigit函数：数字判断函数 2.13 isgraph函数：打印字符判断 2.14 islower函数：小写字母判断函数 2.15 isprint函数：可打印字符判断函数 2.16 isptmct函数：标点符号判断函数 2.17 isspace函数：空格等判断函数 2.18 isupper函数：大写字母判断函数 2.19 isxdigit函数：十六进制数字判断函数 2.20 ltoa函数：将长整值转换为字符串 2.21 mbstowcs函数：将多字节字符序列转换成相应的宽字符序列 2.22 mbtowc函数：将多字节字符转换成相应的宽字符 2.23 stpcpy函数：复制字符串 2.24 strcat函数：拼接字符串 2.25 strchr函数：查找给定字符 2.26 strcmp函数：比较字符串 2.27 strcmpi函数：比较字符串 2.28 strcpy函数：复制字符串 2.29 strcspn函数：查找不包含指定字符集子串的段 2.30 strdup函数：将字符串复制到新建的位置 2.31 stricmp函数：比较字符串 2.32 strlen函数：获取字符长度
上传时间： 2014-12-25
上传用户：水口鸿胜电器
由于智能配电数字终端[1]内部的工作温度会受到周围环境的影响，从而导致箱体内部的一些正常元器件无法正常地工作。因此一种能自动检测温度并且实时自动调节温度的技术应运而生。通过使用Silicon Laboratories公司生产的C8051F系列的高速SoC单片机结合DALLAS公司的高精度的数字温度采集芯片DS1820，以及外围的扩展电路，完成对终端内的温度的实时的精确的控制和调节。
上传时间： 2014-12-25
上传用户：huangld
The PCA9557 is a silicon CMOS circuit which provides parallel input/output expansion for SMBus and I2C-bus applications. The PCA9557 consists of an 8-bit input port register, 8-bit output port register, and an I2C-bus/SMBus interface. It has low current consumption and a high-impedance open-drain output pin, IO0. The system master can enable the PCA9557’s I/O as either input or output by writing to the configuration register. The system master can also invert the PCA9557 inputs by writing to the active HIGH polarity inversion register. Finally, the system master can reset the PCA9557 in the event of a time-out by asserting a LOW in the reset input. The power-on reset puts the registers in their default state and initializes the I2C-bus/SMBus state machine. The RESET pin causes the same reset/initialization to occur without de-powering the part.
上传时间： 2014-01-18
上传用户：bs2005
The ISO7220 and ISO7221 are dual-channel digital isolators. To facilitate PCB layout, the channels are orientedin the same direction in the ISO7220 and in opposite directions in the ISO7221. These devices have a logic inputand output buffer separated by TI’s silicon-dioxide (SiO2) isolation barrier, providing galvanic isolation of up to4000 V. Used in conjunction with isolated power supplies, these devices block high voltage, isolate grounds, andprevent noise currents on a data bus or other circuits from entering the local ground and interfering with ordamaging sensitive circuitry.
上传时间： 2013-10-24
上传用户：hbsunhui
光盘内容1.1例 程 “例程”文件夹中为各章节的程序代码，均在作者的目标板上（自行开发）调试通过，以确保程序正确。n Keil C对中文文件、目录以及空格等可能无法编译连接，所以若要正确调试，须确保所有文件、目录为连续英文名或数字。n 这些程序应用到其他C8051Fxxx系列单片机时，要确保各个操作寄存器的名称、地址与各个控制位相一致，否则需要修改。很多寄存器位的位置并不相同，所以移植程序时，使用者要参考F040寄存器和移植对象单片机的寄存器，以确保正确操作。1.2 原理图及pcb封装“原理图及pcb封装”文件夹里包含作者制作的C8051F040PCB封装和原理图引脚定义文件c8051f040.ddb。其中PCB封装与Silicon Laboratories公司（原Cygnal公司）提供的TQ100封装稍有不同（在cygnalpcb文件中）： 作者所做引脚长为2.5 mm，而cygnalpcb文件中的引脚长为1.3 mm。加长引脚焊盘是为了方便手工焊芯片。用户可根据需要和习惯选择封装。
上传时间： 2013-11-19
上传用户：kjl
Introduction to Xilinx Packaging Electronic packages are interconnectable housings for semiconductor devices. The major functions of the electronic packages are to provide electrical interconnections between the IC and the board and to efficiently remove heat generated by the device. Feature sizes are constantly shrinking, resulting in increased number of transistors being packed into the device. Today's submicron technology is also enabling large-scale functional integration and system-on-a-chip solutions. In order to keep pace with these new advancements in silicon technologies, semiconductor packages have also evolved to provide improved device functionality and performance. Feature size at the device level is driving package feature sizes down to the design rules of the early transistors. To meet these demands, electronic packages must be flexible to address high pin counts, reduced pitch and form factor requirements. At the same time,packages must be reliable and cost effective.
上传时间： 2013-10-22
上传用户：ztj182002
The field of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), particularly micromachinedmechanical transducers, has been expanding over recent years, and the productioncosts of these devices continue to fall. Using materials, fabrication processes, anddesign tools originally developed for the microelectronic circuits industry, newtypes of microengineered device are evolving all the time—many offering numerousadvantages over their traditional counterparts. The electrical properties of siliconhave been well understood for many years, but it is the mechanical properties thathave been exploited in many examples of MEMS. This book may seem slightlyunusual in that it has four editors. However, since we all work together in this fieldwithin the School of Electronics and Computer Science at the University of Southampton,it seemed natural to work together on a project like this. MEMS are nowappearing as part of the syllabus for both undergraduate and postgraduate coursesat many universities, and we hope that this book will complement the teaching thatis taking place in this area.
上传时间： 2013-10-16
上传用户：朗朗乾坤
