When 3GPP started standardizing the IMS a few years ago, most analysts expected the number of IMS deploymentsto grow dramatically as soon the initial IMS specifications were ready (3GPP Release 5 was functionallyfrozenin the first half of 2002and completedshortly after that). While those predictions have proven to be too aggressive owing to a number of upheavals hitting the ICT (Information and Communications Technologies) sector, we are now seeing more and more commercial IMS-based service offerings in the market. At the time of writing (May 2008), there are over 30 commercial IMS networks running live traffic, addingup to over10million IMS users aroundthe world; the IMS is beingdeployedglobally. In addition, there are plenty of ongoing market activities; it is estimated that over 130 IMS contracts have been awarded to all IMS manufacturers. The number of IMS users will grow substantially as these awarded contracts are launched commercially. At the same time, the number of IMS users in presently deployed networks is steadily increasing as new SERVICEs are introduced and operators running these networks migrate their non-IMS users to their IMS networks.
标签： Multimedia Subsystem The IMS 3G IP
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The first practical examples of mobile communications were used in many countries like the USA, the UK and Germany in military SERVICEs, and played a significant role in the First World War to transfer important information from the front to headquarters to take further actions. Good and secure wireless communications were an important need for all military SERVICEs – army, navy and air force. In this respect, the Second World War was a big experimental battlefield for the development and evolution of mobile radio. It was in the interests of governments that after the Second World War the military investment should be paid back by civilian use, and all western European countries started their so-called first generation of mobile communication networks.
标签： Multimedia Business Mobile The
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Long-TermEvolution(LTE)isarguablyoneofthemostimportantstepsinthecurrentphaseof the development of modern mobile communications. It provides a suitable base for enhanced SERVICEs due to increased data throughput and lower latency figures, and also gives extra impetus to the modernization of telecom architectures. The decision to leave the circuit- switched domainoutofthescope ofLTE/SAEsystem standardization might soundradical but itindicatesthatthetelecomworldisgoingstronglyfortheall-IPconcept----andthedeployment of LTE/SAE is concrete evidence of this global trend.
标签： Deployment Handbook LTE-SAE The
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Changes in telecommunications are impacting all types of user group, which include business users, traveling users, small and home offices, and residential users. The acceptance rate of telecom- munications and information SERVICEs is accelerating significantly. Voice SERVICEs needed approximately 50 years to reach a very high teledensity; television needed just 15 years to change the culture and lives of many families; the Internet and its related SERVICEs have been penetrating and changing business practices and private com- munications over the last 2 to 3 years.
标签： Telecommunications Handbook The
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Wireless communications has become a field of enormous scientific and economic interest. Recent success stories include 2G and 3G cellular voice and data SERVICEs (e.g., GSM and UMTS), wireless local area networks (WiFi/IEEE 802.11x), wireless broadband access (WiMAX/IEEE 802.16x), and digital broadcast systems (DVB, DAB, DRM). On the physical layer side, traditional designs typically assume that the radio channel remains constant for the duration of a data block. However, researchers and system designers are increasingly shifting their attention to channels that may vary within a block. In addition to time dispersion caused by multipath propagation, these rapidly time-varying channels feature frequency dispersion resulting from the Doppler effect. They are, thus, often referred to as being “doubly dispersive.”
标签： Time-Varying Channels
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Fourth Generation (4G) wireless communication systems aim to allow peak data rates in the range of 1 Gbps for nomadic access and 100 Mbps for vehicular mobil- ity. 4G aims to support current and emergent multimedia SERVICEs, such as mobile TV, social networks and gaming, high-definition television and video telecon- ference, multimedia messaging service, using the All-over IP concept and with improved quality of service.
标签： Transmission Techniques Systems for 4G
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Public telephone operators and new independent wireless operators through- out the world are deploying wireless access in an effort to drastically reduce delivery costs in the most expensive part of the network?the local loop. Available radio technology enables both existing and new entrants to access subscribers in a rapid manner and deliver their basic telephony products and broadband-enhanced SERVICEs.
标签： Transmission Handbooks Systems Design
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As I have increasingly moved away from the world of research and into thatofmanagementandbusiness,ithasbecomeapparenttomethatthere are many people from a nontechnical background who need to under- standcellularsystemsinmoredetailinordertobeabletoperformtheir job,beitanalyzingfinancialinvestments,runningcallcenters,ormarket- ing cellular SERVICEs.
标签： Understanding Cellular Radio
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Once upon a time, cellular wireless networks provided two basic SERVICEs: voice telephony and low-rate text messaging. Users in the network were separated by orthogonal multiple access schemes, and cells by generous frequency reuse patterns [1]. Since then, the proliferation of wireless SERVICEs, fierce competition, andthe emergenceof new service classes such as wireless data and multimediahave resulted in an ever increasing pressure on network operators to use resources in a moreefficient manner.In the contextof wireless networks,two of the most common resources are power and spectrum—and, due to regulations, these resources are typically scarce. Hence, in contrast to wired networks, overprovisioning is not feasible in wireless networks.
标签： Maximization Nonconvex Wireless Utility Systems in
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The information age is exploding around us, giving us access to dizzying amounts of data the instant it becomes available. Smart phones and tablets provide an untethered experience that offers stream- ing video, audio, and other media formats to just about any place on the planet. Even people who are not “computer literate” use Facebook to catch up with friends and family, use Google to research a new restaurant choice and print directions to get there, or Tweet their reactions once they have sampled the fare. The budding Internet-of-things will only catalyze this data eruption. The infrastructure supporting these SERVICEs is also growing exponentially, and the technology that facilitates this rapid growth is virtualization.
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