Carrier-phase synchronization can be approached in a general manner by estimating the multiplicative distortion (MD) to which a baseband received signal in an RF or coherent optical transmission system is subjected. This paper presents a unified modeling and estimation of the MD in finite-alphabet digital communication systems. A simple form of MD is the camer phase exp GO) which has to be estimated and compensated for in a coherent receiver. A more general case with fading must, however, allow for amplitude as well as phase variations of the MD. We assume a state-variable model for the MD and generally obtain a nonlinear estimation problem with additional randomly-varying system parameters such as received signal power, frequency offset, and Doppler spread. An extended Kalman filter is then applied as a near-Optimal solution to the adaptive MD and channel parameter estimation problem. Examples are given to show the use and some advantages of this scheme.
标签： synchronization Carrier-phase multiplicativ approached
上传时间： 2013-11-28
上传用户：windwolf2000
Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) has been an interesting problem for a long time in classical optimization techniques which are based on linear and nonlinear programming. TSP can be described as follows: Given a number of cities to visit and their distances from all other cities know, an Optimal travel route has to be found so that each city is visited one and only once with the least possible distance traveled. This is a simple problem with handful of cities but becomes complicated as the number increases.
标签： interesting Traveling classical Salesman
上传时间： 2016-02-06
上传用户：rocwangdp
PRINCIPLE: PLS cross-validation using the SIMPLS or WIMPLS algorithm, respectively for tall or wide X-data. The Optimal approach is selected automatically.
标签： cross-validation respectively PRINCIPLE algorithm
上传时间： 2016-11-27
上传用户：a673761058
The combinatorial core of the OVSF code assignment problem that arises in UMTS is to assign some nodes of a complete binary tree of height h (the code tree) to n simultaneous connections, such that no two assigned nodes (codes) are on the same root-to-leaf path. Each connection requires a code on a specified level. The code can change over time as long as it is still on the same level. We consider the one-step code assignment problem: Given an assignment, move the minimum number of codes to serve a new request. Minn and Siu proposed the so-called DCAalgorithm to solve the problem Optimally. We show that DCA does not always return an Optimal solution, and that the problem is NP-hard. We give an exact nO(h)-time algorithm, and a polynomial time greedy algorithm that achieves approximation ratio Θ(h). Finally, we consider the online code assignment problem for which we derive several results
标签： combinatorial assignment problem arises
上传时间： 2014-01-19
上传用户：BIBI
The basic principle using the branchand- bound strategy to solve the traveling salesperson optimization problem (TSP) consists of two parts. There is a way to split the solution space. There is a way to predict a lower bound for a class of solutions. There is also a way to find an upper bound of an Optimal solution. If the lower bound of a solution exceeds this upper bound, this solution cannot be Optimal. Thus, we should terminate the branching associated with this solution.
标签： salesperson principle branchand the
上传时间： 2017-02-19
上传用户：comua
In this project we analyze and design the minimum mean-square error (MMSE) multiuser receiver for uniformly quantized synchronous code division multiple access (CDMA) signals in additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels.This project is mainly based on the representation of uniform quantizer by gain plus additive noise model. Based on this model, we derive the weight vector and the output signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) of the MMSE receiver. The effects of quantization on the MMSE receiver performance is characterized in a single parameter named 鈥漞quivalent noise variance鈥? The Optimal quantizer stepsize which maximizes the MMSE receiver output SNR is also determined.
标签： mean-square multiuser receiver project
上传时间： 2014-11-21
上传用户：ywqaxiwang
In an electromagnetic cloak based on a transformation approach, reduced sets of material properties are generally favored due to their easier implementation in reality, although a seemingly inevitable drawback of undesired reflection exists in such cloaks. Here we suggest using high-order transformations to create smooth moduli at the outer boundary of the cloak, therefore completely eliminating the detrimental scattering within the limit of geometric optics. We apply this scheme to a non-magnetic cylindrical cloak and demonstrate that the scattered field is reduced substantially in a cloak with Optimal quadratic transformation as compared to its linear counterpart.
标签： electromagnetic transformation properties approach
上传时间： 2017-03-30
上传用户：pkkkkp
OTSU Gray-level image segmentation using Otsu s method. Iseg = OTSU(I,n) computes a segmented image (Iseg) containing n classes by means of Otsu s n-thresholding method (Otsu N, A Threshold Selection Method from Gray-Level Histograms, IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. 9:62-66 1979). Thresholds are computed to maximize a separability criterion of the resultant classes in gray levels. OTSU(I) is equivalent to OTSU(I,2). By default, n=2 and the corresponding Iseg is therefore a binary image. The pixel values for Iseg are [0 1] if n=2, [0 0.5 1] if n=3, [0 0.333 0.666 1] if n=4, ... [Iseg,sep] = OTSU(I,n) returns the value (sep) of the separability criterion within the range [0 1]. Zero is obtained only with images having less than n gray level, whereas one (Optimal value) is obtained only with n-valued images.
标签： OTSU segmentation Gray-level segmented
上传时间： 2017-04-24
上传用户：yuzsu
WSNs being energy constrained systems, one major problem is to employ the sensor nodes in such a manner so as to ensure maximum coverage and connectivity with minimal or Optimal number of nodes and furthermore elongate network lifetime with maximum energy utilization. The problem addressed has been tackled for 1-D linear array and further extended to 2-Dimensions as stated in the next slides.
标签： constrained systems problem energy
上传时间： 2017-04-28
上传用户：evil
Traveling Salesperson Problem Our branch-and-strategy splits a branch and bound solution into two groups: one group including a particular arc and the other excluding this arc. 1.Each splitting incurs a lower bound and we shall traverse the searching tree with the "lower" lower bound. 2.If a constant subtracted from any row or any column of the cost matrix, an Optimal solution does not change.
标签： branch-and-strategy Salesperson Traveling solution
上传时间： 2013-12-29
上传用户：璇珠官人
