在现代通信系统中，电话语音的频带被限制在300 Hz～4 kHz的范围内，带来了语音可懂度和自然度的降低。为了在不增加额外成本的前提下提高语音的可懂度和自然度，进行了电话语音频带扩展的研究。提出了一种改进的基于码本映射的语音带宽扩展算法：在码本映射的过程中，使用加权系数来得到映射码本。客观测试结果表明，用此算法得到的宽带语音的谱失真度比用一般的码本映射降低至少2%。主观测试结果表明，用此算法得到的宽带语音具有更好的可懂度和自然度。 Abstract: In modern communication systems， the bandwidth of telephone speech is limited from 300Hz to 4 kHz， which reduces the intelligibility and naturalness of speech. Telephone speech bandwidth extension is researched to get wideband speech and to improve its intelligibility and naturalness， without increasing extra costs. This paper put forward an improved algorithm of speech bandwidth extension based on codebook mapping. In the process of codebook mapping， weighted coefficients were used to get mapping codebook. Objective tests show that spectral distortion of wideband speech obtained by this algorithm reduces at least 2%， comparing to conditional codebook mapping. Subjective tests show that the wideband speech obtained by this algorithm has better intelligibility and naturalness.
上传时间： 2014-12-29
上传用户：15501536189
Xilinx FPGAs require at least two power supplies: VCCINTfor core circuitry and VCCO for I/O interface. For the latestXilinx FPGAs, including Virtex-II Pro, Virtex-II and Spartan-3, a third auxiliary supply, VCCAUX may be needed. Inmost cases, VCCAUX can share a power supply with VCCO.The core voltages, VCCINT, for most Xilinx FPGAs, rangefrom 1.2V to 2.5V. Some mature products have 3V, 3.3Vor 5V core voltages. Table 1 shows the core voltagerequirement for most of the FPGA device families. TypicalI/O voltages (VCCO) vary from 1.2V to 3.3V. The auxiliaryvoltage VCCAUX is 2.5V for Virtex-II Pro and Spartan-3, andis 3.3V for Virtex-II.
上传时间： 2013-10-22
上传用户：aeiouetla
PCB设计问题集锦 问：PCB图中各种字符往往容易叠加在一起，或者相距很近，当板子布得很密时，情况更加严重。当我用Verify Design进行检查时，会产生错误，但这种错误可以忽略。往往这种错误很多，有几百个，将其他更重要的错误淹没了，如何使Verify Design会略掉这种错误，或者在众多的错误中快速找到重要的错误。 答：可以在颜色显示中将文字去掉,不显示后再检查;并记录错误数目。但一定要检查是否真正属于不需要的文字。 问： What’s mean of below warning:(6230,8330 L1) Latium Rule not checked: COMPONENT U26 component rule.答：这是有关制造方面的一个检查，您没有相关设定，所以可以不检查。 问： 怎样导出jop文件？答：应该是JOB文件吧？低版本的powerPCB与PADS使用JOB文件。现在只能输出ASC文件，方法如下STEP：FILE/EXPORT/选择一个asc名称/选择Select ALL/在Format下选择合适的版本/在Unit下选Current比较好/点击OK/完成然后在低版本的powerPCB与PADS产品中Import保存的ASC文件，再保存为JOB文件。 问： 怎样导入reu文件？答：在ECO与Design 工具盒中都可以进行，分别打开ECO与Design 工具盒，点击右边第2个图标就可以。 问： 为什么我在pad stacks中再设一个via:1(如附件）和默认的standardvi(如附件）在布线时V选择1，怎么布线时按add via不能添加进去这是怎么回事，因为有时要使用两种不同的过孔。答：PowerPCB中有多个VIA时需要在Design Rule下根据信号分别设置VIA的使用条件，如电源类只能用Standard VIA等等，这样操作时就比较方便。详细设置方法在PowerPCB软件通中有介绍。 问：为什么我把On-line DRC设置为prevent..移动元时就会弹出(图2),而你们教程中也是这样设置怎么不会呢?答：首先这不是错误,出现的原因是在数据中没有BOARD OUTLINE.您可以设置一个,但是不使用它作为CAM输出数据. 问：我用ctrl+c复制线时怎设置原点进行复制，ctrl+v粘帖时总是以最下面一点和最左边那一点为原点 答： 复制布线时与上面的MOVE MODE设置没有任何关系,需要在右键菜单中选择,这在PowerPCB软件通教程中有专门介绍. 问：用(图4)进行修改线时拉起时怎总是往左边拉起(图5)，不知有什么办法可以轻易想拉起左就左，右就右。答： 具体条件不明,请检查一下您的DESIGN GRID,是否太大了. 问： 好不容易拉起右边但是用(图6)修改线怎么改怎么下面都会有一条不能和在一起，而你教程里都会好好的(图8)答：这可能还是与您的GRID 设置有关,不过没有问题,您可以将不需要的那段线删除.最重要的是需要找到布线的感觉,每个软件都不相同,所以需要多练习。 问： 尊敬的老师:您好！这个图已经画好了，但我只对（如图1）一种的完全间距进行检查，怎么错误就那么多，不知怎么改进。请老师指点。这个图在附件中请老师帮看一下，如果还有什么问题请指出来，本人在改进。谢！！！！！答：请注意您的DRC SETUP窗口下的设置是错误的,现在选中的SAME NET是对相同NET进行检查,应该选择NET TO ALL.而不是SAME NET有关各项参数的含义请仔细阅读第5部教程. 问： U101元件已建好，但元件框的拐角处不知是否正确，请帮忙CHECK 答：元件框等可以通过修改编辑来完成。问： U102和U103元件没建完全，在自动建元件参数中有几个不明白：如：SOIC--》silk screen栏下spacing from pin与outdent from first pin对应U102和U103元件应写什么数值，还有这两个元件SILK怎么自动设置，以及SILK内有个圆圈怎么才能画得与该元件参数一致。 答：Spacing from pin指从PIN到SILK的Y方向的距离,outdent from first pin是第一PIN与SILK端点间的距离.请根据元件资料自己计算。
上传时间： 2014-01-03
上传用户：Divine
This program will ask how many numbers you want to find the average of, then it will allow you to enter your numbers(yes they can even be decimals) then it will calculate the mean, median, mode and range of what you enter.
上传时间： 2015-03-23
上传用户：skhlm
This a Bayesian ICA algorithm for the linear instantaneous mixing model with additive Gaussian noise [1]. The inference problem is solved by ML-II, i.e. the sources are found by integration over the source posterior and the noise covariance and mixing matrix are found by maximization of the marginal likelihood [1]. The sufficient statistics are estimated by either variational mean field theory with the linear response correction or by adaptive TAP mean field theory [2,3]. The mean field equations are solved by a belief propagation method [4] or sequential iteration. The computational complexity is N M^3, where N is the number of time samples and M the number of sources.
标签： instantaneous algorithm Bayesian Gaussian
上传时间： 2013-12-19
上传用户：jjj0202
The goal with this project was to make it possible for almost any mobile-phone to use ICQ and be able to communicate with other users! One other goal with this project was to lower the GPRS-traffic in the phone and make the ICQ-ing cheaper. A third goal was to make this service as easy to log-in to as possible. Anyone tried to fill a log-in screen with a WAP-browser should know what I mean. With Wapmess all you have to do is to write your login-url ONCE and then bookmark it in your phone, to make it available fast. :)
标签： mobile-phone possible project almost
上传时间： 2015-04-08
上传用户：xiaodu1124
21天学会用JAVA开发网络游戏 书籍语言： 简体中文 书籍类型： 程序设计 授权方式： 免费软件 书籍大小： 287 KB 书籍等级： 整理时间： 2004-11-3 20:41:10 With all of the media attention that is focused on the Internet and the World Wide Web, figuring out exactly what they are all about is sometimes difficult. Are they just a neat new way to market products or will they truly offer us a new medium of communication that will someday surpass even televisions and telephones? The answer is, who knows? Unfortunately, the ultimate use for the Internet is still unknown. This is because it is still in such a state of flux that it s pretty much impossible to accurately predict where it will end up. However, you can look at the evidence of what is there now and gain some insight into what the Internet might become, at least in terms of games.
上传时间： 2013-12-20
上传用户：天诚24
物流分析工具包。Facility location: Continuous minisum facility location, alternate location-allocation (ALA) procedure, discrete uncapacitated facility location Vehicle routing: VRP, VRP with time windows, traveling salesman problem (TSP) Networks: Shortest path, min cost network flow, minimum spanning tree problems Geocoding: U.S. city or ZIP code to longitude and latitude, longitude and latitude to nearest city, Mercator projection plotting Layout: Steepest descent pairwise interchange (SDPI) heuristic for QAP Material handling: Equipment selection General purpose: Linear programming using the revised simplex method, mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) branch and bound procedure Data: U.S. cities with populations of at least 10,000, U.S. highway network (Oak Ridge National Highway Network), U.S. 3- and 5-digit ZIP codes
标签： location location-allocation Continuous alternate
上传时间： 2015-05-17
上传用户：kikye
bayeserr - Computes the Bayesian risk for optimal classifier. ％ bayescln - Classifier based on Bayes decision rule for Gaussians. ％ bayesnd - Discrim. function, dichotomy, max aposteriori probability. ％ bhattach - Bhattacharya s upper limit of mean class. error. ％ pbayescln - Plots discriminat function of Bayes classifier.
标签： Classifier classifier bayeserr Computes
上传时间： 2015-06-14
上传用户：sunjet
his project was built and tested with WinAVR-20060125. Make sure the MCU target define in the Makefiles corresponds to the AVR you are using!! To build the code, just install WinAVR and run "make" from the console in echomaster and echoslave subdirs. "make program" will program the device if you have a AVRISP attached. Remember to set the AVR device to at least 8MHz. The AVR may use the programmable clock from MC1319x, just remember to check if the MC1319x and SPI communication is working FIRST! Otherwise you wont get any clock signal to the AVR and then you can t program it or reset the fuses! The MC1319x has default clock output of 32kHz so you will have to set your programmer to a very low frequency (<=32kHz/4) to be able to program it while it is running on that!
标签： the 20060125 project WinAVR
上传时间： 2014-10-10
上传用户：yan2267246
