The TMS320C54x, TMS320LC54x, and TMS320VC54x fixed-point, digital signal processor (DSP) families (hereafter referred to as the ’54x unless otherwise specified) are based on an advanced modified Harvard architecture that has one program memory bus and three data memory buses. These processors also provide an arithmetic logic unit (ALU) that has a high degree of parallelism, application-specific hardware logic, on-chip memory, and additional on-chip peripherals. These DSP families also provide a highly specialized instruction set, which is the basis of the operational flexibility and speed of these DSPs.