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Long-Term

  • 红外遥控RGB

    #include "STC90.h" #include < intrins.h > #define uchar unsigned char #define uint unsigned int #define led_port P1 sbit IR_RE = P3^2; sbit led_r = P1^3; sbit led_g = P1^4; sbit led_b = P1^5; sbit led_wd = P1^7; sbit K1 =P3^0 ; //增加键 sbit K2 =P3^1 ; //减少键 sbit BEEP =P3^7 ; //蜂鸣器 uchar temp,temp1; bit k=0; //红外解码判断标志位,为0则为有效信号,为1则为无效 bit Flag2; uchar date[4]={0,0,0,0}; //date数组为存放地址原码,反码,数据原码,反码 uint lade_1,lade_2,lade_3,lade_4; uint num; uchar date_ram,ee_temp,ee_temp1; uchar WDT_NUM=0; uchar const dofly[]={0x3f,0x06,0x5b,0x4f,0x66,0x6d,0x7d,0x07,0x7f,0x6f};// 显示段码值01234567 uchar code seg[]={7,6,5,4,3,2,1,0};//分别对应相应的数码管点亮,即位码 unsigned long disp_date; void fade(); void fade1(); /*************************** 看门狗子程序*************************/ void watchdog_timer() { if(WDT_NUM==5) { WDT_NUM=0; led_wd=!led_wd; } WDT_NUM++; WDT_CONTR=0x3f; } /******************************************************************/ void delay(unsigned int cnt) { while(--cnt); } /*--------------------------延时1ms程子程序-----------------------*/ void delay_1ms(uint z) { uint x,y; for(x=z;x>0;x--) for(y=126;y>0;y--); } /*--------------------------延时1ms程子程序-----------------------*/ delay1000() { uchar i,j; i=5; do{j=95; do{j--;} while(j); i--; } while(i); } /*---------------------------延时882us子程序-----------------------*/ delay882() { uchar i,j; i=6; do{j=71; do{j--;} while(j); i--; }while(i); } /*--------------------------延时2400us程子程序-----------------------*/ delay2400() { uchar i,j; i=5; do{j=237; do{j--;} while(j); i--; }while(i); } /**********************************************************************/ /* void display() { uchar i; for(i=0;i<8;i++) { P0=dofly[disp_date%10];//取显示数据,段码 P2=seg[i]; //取位码 delay_1ms(1); disp_date/=10; } } */ /*********************************************************************/ uchar EEPROM_read(uint addr)//EEPROM字节读 { ISP_CONTR=0x83; //系统时钟<12M时,对ISP_CONTR寄存器设置的值,本电路为11.0592M ISP_CMD=1; //字节读 ISP_ADDRH=(addr&0xff00)>>8; ISP_ADDRL=addr&0x00ff; ISP_TRIG=0x46; ISP_TRIG=0xb9; _nop_(); _nop_(); return ISP_DATA; } //-------------------------------------------------------------------- void EEPROM_write(uint addr,uchar dat)//EEPROM字节写 { ISP_CONTR=0x83; //系统时钟<12M时,对ISP_CONTR寄存器设置的值,本电路为11.0592M ISP_CMD=2; //字节编程 ISP_ADDRH=(addr&0xff00)>>8; ISP_ADDRL=addr&0x00ff; ISP_DATA=dat; ISP_TRIG=0x46; ISP_TRIG=0xb9; _nop_(); _nop_(); } //-------------------------------------------------------------------- void EEPROM_ERASE(uint addr)//EEPROM扇区擦除 { ISP_CONTR=0x83; //系统时钟<12M时,对ISP_CONTR寄存器设置的值,本电路为11.0592M ISP_CMD=3; //扇区擦除 ISP_ADDRH=(addr&0xff00)>>8; ISP_ADDRL=addr&0x00ff; ISP_TRIG=0x46; ISP_TRIG=0xb9; _nop_(); _nop_(); } //************************************************************** /*----------------------------------------------------------*/ /*-----------------------红外解码程序(核心)-----------------*/ /*----------------------------------------------------------*/ void IR_decode() { uchar i,j; while(IR_RE==0); delay2400(); if(IR_RE==1) //延时2.4ms后如果是高电平则是新码 { delay1000(); delay1000(); for(i=0;i<4;i++) { for(j=0;j<8;j++) { while(IR_RE==0); //等待地址码第1位高电平到来 delay882(); //延时882us判断此时引脚电平 ///CY=IR_RE; if(IR_RE==0) { date[i]>>=1; date[i]=date[i]|0x00; } else if(IR_RE==1) { delay1000(); date[i]>>=1; date[i]=date[i]|0x80; } } //1位数据接收结束 } //32位二进制码接收结束 } } /* void LED_PWM() { lade_2=num; //384 lade_4=num; //384 while(lade_2!=0&Flag2==1) { for(lade_3=512;lade_3>lade_4;lade_3--) //512 { led_port=0x00; delay(1); } lade_3=512; //512 lade_4--; for(lade_1=0;lade_1<lade_2;lade_1++) { led_port=0x38; //c7 delay(1); } lade_1=0; lade_2--; if(temp!=0x0c&Flag2==1) { lade_2=0; } lade_2=num; //384 lade_4=num; //384 } } */ void calc() { EEPROM_read(0x2000); ee_temp1=ISP_DATA; ee_temp=ee_temp1&0x0f; //************************************* 1 /* if(date[3]==0xff&Flag2==1) { if(num>=20) { num=num-80; } //else num=1; LED_PWM(); } if(date[3]==0xfe&Flag2==1) { if(num<=500) { num=num+80; } // else num=511; LED_PWM(); } if(ee_temp1==0xfd) { led_port=0x00; watchdog_timer(); } if(ee_temp1==0xfc) { led_port=0x00; led_r=1; led_g=1; led_b=1; watchdog_timer(); } */ //********************************************** 2 if(ee_temp1==0xfb) { led_port=0x00; led_r=1; watchdog_timer(); } if(ee_temp1==0xfa) { led_port=0x00; led_g=1; watchdog_timer(); } if(ee_temp1==0xf9) { led_port=0x00; led_b=1; watchdog_timer(); } if(ee_temp1==0xf8) { led_port=0x00; led_r=1; led_g=1; led_b=1; watchdog_timer(); } //************************************** 3 if(ee_temp1==0xf7) { uint fade_1,fade_2,fade_3,fade_4; fade_2=448; //384 fade_4=448; //384 while(fade_2!=0&ee_temp==0x07) { for(fade_3=512;fade_3>fade_4;fade_3--) //512 { led_port=0x10; delay(1); } fade_3=512; //512 fade_4--; watchdog_timer(); for(fade_1=0;fade_1<fade_2;fade_1++) { led_port=0x08; delay(1); } fade_1=0; fade_2--; if(ee_temp!=0x07) { fade_2=0; } watchdog_timer(); fade_2=448; //384 fade_4=448; //384 } } if(ee_temp1==0xf6) { uint fade_1,fade_2,fade_3,fade_4; fade_2=448; //384 fade_4=448; //384 while(fade_2!=0&ee_temp==0x06) { for(fade_3=512;fade_3>fade_4;fade_3--) //512 { led_port=0x20; delay(1); } fade_3=512; //512 fade_4--; watchdog_timer(); for(fade_1=0;fade_1<fade_2;fade_1++) { led_port=0x10; delay(1); } fade_1=0; fade_2--; if(ee_temp!=0x06) { fade_2=0; } watchdog_timer(); fade_2=448; //384 fade_4=448; //384 } } if(ee_temp1==0xf5) { uint fade_1,fade_2,fade_3,fade_4; fade_2=448; //384 fade_4=448; //384 while(fade_2!=0&ee_temp==0x05) { for(fade_3=512;fade_3>fade_4;fade_3--) //512 { led_port=0x08; delay(1); } fade_3=512; //512 fade_4--; watchdog_timer(); for(fade_1=0;fade_1<fade_2;fade_1++) { led_port=0x20; delay(1); } fade_1=0; fade_2--; if(ee_temp!=0x05) { fade_2=0; } watchdog_timer(); fade_2=448; //384 fade_4=448; //384 } } if(ee_temp1==0xf4) { while(ee_temp==4) { led_port=0x00; led_r=1; delay_1ms(200); led_port=0x00; led_r=1; led_g=1; delay_1ms(200); led_port=0x00; led_g=1; delay_1ms(200); watchdog_timer(); led_port=0x00; led_g=1; led_b=1; delay_1ms(200); led_port=0x00; led_b=1; delay_1ms(200); led_port=0x00; led_b=1; led_r=1; delay_1ms(200); watchdog_timer(); } } //************************************** 4 if(ee_temp1==0xf3) { uint fade_1,fade_2,fade_3,fade_4; fade_2=416; //384 fade_4=416; //384 while(fade_2!=0&ee_temp==0x03) { for(fade_3=512;fade_3>fade_4;fade_3--) //512 { led_port=0x10; delay(1); } fade_3=512; //512 fade_4--; watchdog_timer(); for(fade_1=0;fade_1<fade_2;fade_1++) { led_port=0x08; delay(1); } fade_1=0; fade_2--; if(ee_temp!=0x03) { fade_2=0; } watchdog_timer(); fade_2=416; //384 fade_4=416; //384 } } if(ee_temp1==0xf2) { uint fade_1,fade_2,fade_3,fade_4; fade_2=384; //384 fade_4=384; //384 while(fade_2!=0&ee_temp==0x02) { for(fade_3=512;fade_3>fade_4;fade_3--) //512 { led_port=0x20; delay(1); } fade_3=512; //512 fade_4--; watchdog_timer(); for(fade_1=0;fade_1<fade_2;fade_1++) { led_port=0x10; delay(1); } fade_1=0; fade_2--; if(ee_temp!=0x02) { fade_2=0; } watchdog_timer(); fade_2=384; //384 fade_4=384; //384 } } if(ee_temp1==0xf1) { uint fade_1,fade_2,fade_3,fade_4; fade_2=348; //384 fade_4=348; //384 while(fade_2!=0&ee_temp==0x01) { for(fade_3=512;fade_3>fade_4;fade_3--) //512 { led_port=0x08; delay(1); } fade_3=512; //512 fade_4--; watchdog_timer(); for(fade_1=0;fade_1<fade_2;fade_1++) { led_port=0x20; delay(1); } fade_1=0; fade_2--; if(ee_temp!=0x01) { fade_2=0; } watchdog_timer(); fade_2=348; //384 fade_4=348; //384 } } if(ee_temp1==0xf0) { while(ee_temp==0) { led_port=0x00; led_r=1; delay_1ms(500); watchdog_timer(); led_port=0x00; led_g=1; delay_1ms(500); led_port=0x00; led_b=1; delay_1ms(500); watchdog_timer(); } } //******************************************** 5 if(ee_temp1==0xef) { uint fade_1,fade_2,fade_3,fade_4; fade_2=384; //384 fade_4=384; //384 while(fade_2!=0&ee_temp==0x0f) { for(fade_3=512;fade_3>fade_4;fade_3--) //512 { led_port=0x10; delay(1); } fade_3=512; //512 fade_4--; watchdog_timer(); for(fade_1=0;fade_1<fade_2;fade_1++) { led_port=0x08; delay(1); } fade_1=0; fade_2--; if(ee_temp!=0x0f) { fade_2=0; } watchdog_timer(); fade_2=384; //384 fade_4=384; //384 } } if(ee_temp1==0xee) { uint fade_1,fade_2,fade_3,fade_4; fade_2=320; //384 fade_4=320; //384 while(fade_2!=0&ee_temp==0x0e) { for(fade_3=512;fade_3>fade_4;fade_3--) //512 { led_port=0x20; delay(1); } fade_3=512; //512 fade_4--; watchdog_timer(); for(fade_1=0;fade_1<fade_2;fade_1++) { led_port=0x10; delay(1); } fade_1=0; fade_2--; if(ee_temp!=0x0e) { fade_2=0; } watchdog_timer(); fade_2=320; //384 fade_4=320; //384 } } if(ee_temp1==0xed) { uint fade_1,fade_2,fade_3,fade_4; fade_2=320; //384 fade_4=320; //384 while(fade_2!=0&ee_temp==0x0d) { for(fade_3=512;fade_3>fade_4;fade_3--) //512 { led_port=0x08; delay(1); } fade_3=512; //512 fade_4--; watchdog_timer(); for(fade_1=0;fade_1<fade_2;fade_1++) { led_port=0x20; delay(1); } fade_1=0; fade_2--; if(ee_temp!=0x0d) { fade_2=0; } watchdog_timer(); fade_2=320; //384 fade_4=320; //384 } } if(ee_temp1==0xec) fade(); //******************************************* 6 if(ee_temp1==0xeb) { led_port=0x00; led_r=1; led_g=1; watchdog_timer(); } if(ee_temp1==0xea) { led_port=0x00; //led_r=0; led_g=1; led_b=1; watchdog_timer(); } if(ee_temp1==0xe9) { led_port=0x00; led_r=1; //led_g=0; led_b=1; watchdog_timer(); } if(ee_temp1==0xe8) fade1(); } void fade() { // uchar i; uint fade_1,fade_2,fade_3,fade_4; fade_2=512; fade_4=511; while(fade_2!=0&ee_temp==0x0c) { for(fade_3=512;fade_3>fade_4;fade_3--) { led_port=0x10; delay(1); } fade_3=512; fade_4--; watchdog_timer(); for(fade_1=0;fade_1<fade_2;fade_1++) { led_port=0x08; delay(1); } fade_1=0; fade_2--; if(ee_temp!=0x0c) { fade_2=0; } } watchdog_timer(); fade_2=512; fade_4=511; while(fade_2!=0&ee_temp==0x0c) { if(ee_temp!=0x0c) { fade_2=0; } for(fade_3=512;fade_3>fade_4;fade_3--) { led_port=0x20; delay(1); // watchdog_timer(); } fade_3=512; fade_4--; watchdog_timer(); for(fade_1=0;fade_1<fade_2;fade_1++) { led_port=0x10; delay(1); // watchdog_timer(); } fade_1=0; fade_2--; } watchdog_timer(); fade_2=512; fade_4=511; while(fade_2!=0&ee_temp==0x0c) { if(ee_temp!=0x0c) { fade_2=0; } for(fade_3=512;fade_3>fade_4;fade_3--) { led_port=0x08; delay(1); watchdog_timer(); } fade_3=512; fade_4--; watchdog_timer(); for(fade_1=0;fade_1<fade_2;fade_1++) { led_port=0x20; delay(1); watchdog_timer(); } fade_1=0; fade_2--; } watchdog_timer(); } void fade1() { // uchar i; uint fade_1,fade_2,fade_3,fade_4; fade_2=128; fade_4=127; while(fade_2!=0&ee_temp==0x08) { for(fade_3=128;fade_3>fade_4;fade_3--) { led_port=0x10; delay(1); } fade_3=128; fade_4--; for(fade_1=0;fade_1<fade_2;fade_1++) { led_port=0x08; delay(1); } fade_1=0; fade_2--; if(ee_temp!=0x08) { fade_2=0; } } watchdog_timer(); fade_2=128; fade_4=127; while(fade_2!=0&ee_temp==0x08) { if(ee_temp!=0x08) { fade_2=0; } for(fade_3=128;fade_3>fade_4;fade_3--) { led_port=0x20; delay(1); } fade_3=128; fade_4--; for(fade_1=0;fade_1<fade_2;fade_1++) { led_port=0x10; delay(1); } fade_1=0; fade_2--; } watchdog_timer(); fade_2=128; fade_4=127; while(fade_2!=0&ee_temp==0x08) { if(ee_temp!=0x08) { fade_2=0; } for(fade_3=128;fade_3>fade_4;fade_3--) { led_port=0x08; delay(1); } fade_3=128; fade_4--; for(fade_1=0;fade_1<fade_2;fade_1++) { led_port=0x20; delay(1); } fade_1=0; fade_2--; } watchdog_timer(); } void init() { led_port=0x00; /* led_r=1; delay_1ms(500); led_port=0x00; led_g=1; delay_1ms(500); led_port=0x00; led_b=1; delay_1ms(500); led_port=0x00; */ delay_1ms(2); WDT_CONTR=0x3f; delay_1ms(500); } //******************************** void main() { init(); Flag2=0; SP=0x60; //堆栈指针 EX0=1; //允许外部中断0,用于检测红外遥控器按键 EA=1; num=255; while(1) { calc(); } } //******************************************************************** /*------------------------外部中断0程序-------------------------*/ /*------------------主要用于处理红外遥控键值--------------------*/ void int0() interrupt 0 { uchar i; Flag2=0; /////// k=0; EX0=0; //检测到有效信号关中断,防止干扰 for(i=0;i<4;i++) { delay1000(); if(IR_RE==1){k=1;} //刚开始为9ms的引导码. } led_port=0x00; if(k==0) { IR_decode(); //如果接收到的是有效信号,则调用解码程序 if(date[3]>=0xe8) { if(date[3]<=0xfb) { temp1=date[3]; EEPROM_ERASE(0x2000); //STC_EEROM_0X2000 temp1 EEPROM_write(0x2000,temp1); EEPROM_read(0x2000); ee_temp1=ISP_DATA; ee_temp=ee_temp1&0x0f; /* temp=date[3]&0x0f; EEPROM_ERASE(0x2004); //STC_EEROM_0X2004 temp EEPROM_write(0x2004,temp); */ } else { EEPROM_read(0x2000); ee_temp1=ISP_DATA; ee_temp=ee_temp1&0x0f; } } delay2400(); delay2400(); delay2400(); delay_1ms(500); } EX0=1; //开外部中断,允许新的遥控按键 }

    标签: RGB 红外遥控

    上传时间: 2016-07-02

    上传用户:184890962

  • c#简单计算器

    // 学生管理.cpp : Defines the entry point for the application. // #include "stdafx.h" #include "resource.h" #define MAX_LOADSTRING 100 // Global Variables: HINSTANCE hInst; // current instance TCHAR szTitle[MAX_LOADSTRING]; // The title bar text TCHAR szWindowClass[MAX_LOADSTRING]; // The title bar text // Foward declarations of functions included in this code module: ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance); BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int); LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM); LRESULT CALLBACK About(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM); struct person {   char name[10];   int ID;   int cj_yw;   int cj_sx;   struct person* next;   struct person* pro; }per; int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,                      HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,                      LPSTR     lpCmdLine,                      int       nCmdShow) {   // TODO: Place code here. MSG msg; HACCEL hAccelTable; // Initialize global strings LoadString(hInstance, IDS_APP_TITLE, szTitle, MAX_LOADSTRING); LoadString(hInstance, IDC_MY, szWindowClass, MAX_LOADSTRING); MyRegisterClass(hInstance); // Perform application initialization: if (!InitInstance (hInstance, nCmdShow))  { return FALSE; } hAccelTable = LoadAccelerators(hInstance, (LPCTSTR)IDC_MY); // Main message loop: while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))  { if (!TranslateAccelerator(msg.hwnd, hAccelTable, &msg))  { TranslateMessage(&msg); DispatchMessage(&msg); } } return msg.wParam; } // //  FUNCTION: MyRegisterClass() // //  PURPOSE: Registers the window class. // //  COMMENTS: // //    This function and its usage is only necessary if you want this code //    to be compatible with Win32 systems prior to the 'RegisterClassEx' //    function that was added to Windows 95. It is important to call this function //    so that the application will get 'well formed' small icons associated //    with it. // ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance) { WNDCLASSEX wcex; wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);  wcex.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW; wcex.lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC)WndProc; wcex.cbClsExtra = 0; wcex.cbWndExtra = 0; wcex.hInstance = hInstance; wcex.hIcon = LoadIcon(hInstance, (LPCTSTR)IDI_MY); wcex.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW); wcex.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1); wcex.lpszMenuName = (LPCSTR)IDC_MY; wcex.lpszClassName = szWindowClass; wcex.hIconSm = LoadIcon(wcex.hInstance, (LPCTSTR)IDI_SMALL); return RegisterClassEx(&wcex); } // //   FUNCTION: InitInstance(HANDLE, int) // //   PURPOSE: Saves instance handle and creates main window // //   COMMENTS: // //        In this function, we save the instance handle in a global variable and //        create and display the main program window. // BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow) {    HWND hWnd;    hInst = hInstance; // Store instance handle in our global variable    hWnd = CreateWindow(szWindowClass, szTitle, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,       CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);    if (!hWnd)    {       return FALSE;    }    ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);    UpdateWindow(hWnd);    return TRUE; } // //  FUNCTION: WndProc(HWND, unsigned, WORD, LONG) // //  PURPOSE:  Processes messages for the main window. // //  WM_COMMAND - process the application menu //  WM_PAINT - Paint the main window //  WM_DESTROY - post a quit message and return // // LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { int wmId, wmEvent; PAINTSTRUCT ps; HDC hdc; TCHAR szHello[MAX_LOADSTRING]; LoadString(hInst, IDS_HELLO, szHello, MAX_LOADSTRING); switch (message)  { case WM_COMMAND: wmId    = LOWORD(wParam);  wmEvent = HIWORD(wParam);  // Parse the menu selections: switch (wmId) { case IDM_ABOUT:   DialogBox(hInst, (LPCTSTR)IDD_ABOUTBOX, hWnd, (DLGPROC)About);   break; case IDM_EXIT:   DestroyWindow(hWnd);   break; default:   return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam); } break; case WM_PAINT: hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps); // TODO: Add any drawing code here... RECT rt; GetClientRect(hWnd, &rt); DrawText(hdc, szHello, strlen(szHello), &rt, DT_CENTER); EndPaint(hWnd, &ps); break; case WM_DESTROY: PostQuitMessage(0); break; default: return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);    }    return 0; } // Mesage handler for about box. LRESULT CALLBACK About(HWND hDlg, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { switch (message) { case WM_INITDIALOG: return TRUE; case WM_COMMAND: if (LOWORD(wParam) == IDOK || LOWORD(wParam) == IDCANCEL)  { EndDialog(hDlg, LOWORD(wParam)); return TRUE; } break; }     return FALSE; }

    标签: 计算器 学生

    上传时间: 2016-12-29

    上传用户:767483511

  • 简单的计算器

    // 学生管理.cpp : Defines the entry point for the application. // #include "stdafx.h" #include "resource.h" #define MAX_LOADSTRING 100 // Global Variables: HINSTANCE hInst; // current instance TCHAR szTitle[MAX_LOADSTRING]; // The title bar text TCHAR szWindowClass[MAX_LOADSTRING]; // The title bar text // Foward declarations of functions included in this code module: ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance); BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int); LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM); LRESULT CALLBACK About(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM); struct person {   char name[10];   int ID;   int cj_yw;   int cj_sx;   struct person* next;   struct person* pro; }per; int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,                      HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,                      LPSTR     lpCmdLine,                      int       nCmdShow) {   // TODO: Place code here. MSG msg; HACCEL hAccelTable; // Initialize global strings LoadString(hInstance, IDS_APP_TITLE, szTitle, MAX_LOADSTRING); LoadString(hInstance, IDC_MY, szWindowClass, MAX_LOADSTRING); MyRegisterClass(hInstance); // Perform application initialization: if (!InitInstance (hInstance, nCmdShow))  { return FALSE; } hAccelTable = LoadAccelerators(hInstance, (LPCTSTR)IDC_MY); // Main message loop: while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))  { if (!TranslateAccelerator(msg.hwnd, hAccelTable, &msg))  { TranslateMessage(&msg); DispatchMessage(&msg); } } return msg.wParam; } // //  FUNCTION: MyRegisterClass() // //  PURPOSE: Registers the window class. // //  COMMENTS: // //    This function and its usage is only necessary if you want this code //    to be compatible with Win32 systems prior to the 'RegisterClassEx' //    function that was added to Windows 95. It is important to call this function //    so that the application will get 'well formed' small icons associated //    with it. // ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance) { WNDCLASSEX wcex; wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);  wcex.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW; wcex.lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC)WndProc; wcex.cbClsExtra = 0; wcex.cbWndExtra = 0; wcex.hInstance = hInstance; wcex.hIcon = LoadIcon(hInstance, (LPCTSTR)IDI_MY); wcex.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW); wcex.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1); wcex.lpszMenuName = (LPCSTR)IDC_MY; wcex.lpszClassName = szWindowClass; wcex.hIconSm = LoadIcon(wcex.hInstance, (LPCTSTR)IDI_SMALL); return RegisterClassEx(&wcex); } // //   FUNCTION: InitInstance(HANDLE, int) // //   PURPOSE: Saves instance handle and creates main window // //   COMMENTS: // //        In this function, we save the instance handle in a global variable and //        create and display the main program window. // BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow) {    HWND hWnd;    hInst = hInstance; // Store instance handle in our global variable    hWnd = CreateWindow(szWindowClass, szTitle, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,       CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);    if (!hWnd)    {       return FALSE;    }    ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);    UpdateWindow(hWnd);    return TRUE; } // //  FUNCTION: WndProc(HWND, unsigned, WORD, LONG) // //  PURPOSE:  Processes messages for the main window. // //  WM_COMMAND - process the application menu //  WM_PAINT - Paint the main window //  WM_DESTROY - post a quit message and return // // LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { int wmId, wmEvent; PAINTSTRUCT ps; HDC hdc; TCHAR szHello[MAX_LOADSTRING]; LoadString(hInst, IDS_HELLO, szHello, MAX_LOADSTRING); switch (message)  { case WM_COMMAND: wmId    = LOWORD(wParam);  wmEvent = HIWORD(wParam);  // Parse the menu selections: switch (wmId) { case IDM_ABOUT:   DialogBox(hInst, (LPCTSTR)IDD_ABOUTBOX, hWnd, (DLGPROC)About);   break; case IDM_EXIT:   DestroyWindow(hWnd);   break; default:   return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam); } break; case WM_PAINT: hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps); // TODO: Add any drawing code here... RECT rt; GetClientRect(hWnd, &rt); DrawText(hdc, szHello, strlen(szHello), &rt, DT_CENTER); EndPaint(hWnd, &ps); break; case WM_DESTROY: PostQuitMessage(0); break; default: return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);    }    return 0; } // Mesage handler for about box. LRESULT CALLBACK About(HWND hDlg, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { switch (message) { case WM_INITDIALOG: return TRUE; case WM_COMMAND: if (LOWORD(wParam) == IDOK || LOWORD(wParam) == IDCANCEL)  { EndDialog(hDlg, LOWORD(wParam)); return TRUE; } break; }     return FALSE; }

    标签: 学生 计算器

    上传时间: 2016-12-29

    上传用户:767483511

  • 12345

    /****************temic*********t5557***********************************/    #include   <at892051.h>     #include   <string.h>    #include   <intrins.h>     #include   <stdio.h>     #define    uchar    unsigned char     #define    uint     unsigned int     #define    ulong    unsigned long     //STC12C2051AD的SFR定义     sfr  WDT_CONTR = 0xe1;//stc2051的看门狗??????     /**********全局常量************/    //写卡的命令     #define    write_command0       0//写密码     #define    write_command1       1//写配置字     #define    write_command2       2//密码写数据     #define    write_command3       3//唤醒     #define    write_command4       4//停止命令     #define    TRUE       1     #define    FALSE      0     #define    OK         0     #define    ERROR      255     //读卡的时间参数us     #define ts_min          250//270*11.0592/12=249//取近似的整数     #define ts_max          304//330*11.0592/12=304     #define t1_min          73//90*11.0592/12=83:-10调整     #define t1_max          156//180*11.0592/12=166     #define t2_min          184//210*11.0592/12=194     #define t2_max          267//300*11.0592/12=276     //***********不采用中断处理:采用查询的方法读卡时关所有中断****************/     sbit p_U2270B_Standby = P3^5;//p_U2270B_Standby PIN=13     sbit p_U2270B_CFE = P3^3;//p_U2270B_CFE     PIN=6     sbit p_U2270B_OutPut = P3^7;//p_U2270B_OutPut  PIN=2     sbit wtd_sck = P1^7;//SPI总线     sbit wtd_si = P1^3;    sbit wtd_so = P1^2;    sbit iic_data = P1^2;//lcd IIC     sbit iic_clk = P1^7;    sbit led_light = P1^6;//测试绿灯     sbit led_light1 = P1^5;//测试红灯     sbit led_light_ok  = P1^1;//读卡成功标志     sbit fengmingqi = P1^5;    /***********全局变量************************************/       uchar data Nkey_a[4] = {0xA0, 0xA1, 0xA2, 0xA3};//初始密码             //uchar idata card_snr[4];   //配置字     uchar data bankdata[28] = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,1,2,3,4,5,6,7};     //存储卡上用户数据(1-7)7*4=28     uchar data cominceptbuff[6] = {1,2,3,4,5,6};//串口接收数组ram     uchar command; //第一个命令     uchar command1;//     //uint  temp;     uchar j,i;    uchar myaddr = 8;    //uchar ywqz_count,time_count;             //ywqz jishu:     uchar bdata DATA;    sbit BIT0 = DATA^0;    sbit BIT1 = DATA^1;    sbit BIT2 = DATA^2;    sbit BIT3 = DATA^3;    sbit BIT4 = DATA^4;    sbit BIT5 = DATA^5;    sbit BIT6 = DATA^6;    sbit BIT7 = DATA^7;    uchar bdata DATA1;    sbit BIT10 = DATA1^0;    sbit BIT11 = DATA1^1;    sbit BIT12 = DATA1^2;    sbit BIT13 = DATA1^3;    sbit BIT14 = DATA1^4;    sbit BIT15 = DATA1^5;    sbit BIT16 = DATA1^6;    sbit BIT17 = DATA1^7;    bit i_CurrentLevel;//i_CurrentLevel  BIT 00H(Saves current level of OutPut pin of U2270B)     bit timer1_end;    bit read_ok = 0;    //缓存定时值,因用同一个定时器     union HLint { uint W;    struct   {    uchar H;uchar L;   }   B; };//union HLint idata a     union HLint data a;    //缓存定时值,因用同一个定时器     union HLint0 { uint W;    struct {   uchar H;   uchar L; } B; };//union HLint idata a     union HLint0 data b;    /**********************函数原型*****************/    //读写操作     void f_readcard(void);//全部读出1~7 AOR唤醒     void f_writecard(uchar x);//根据命令写不同的内容和操作     void f_clearpassword(void);//清除密码     void f_changepassword(void);//修改密码     //功能子函数     void write_password(uchar data *data p);//写初始密码或数据     void write_block(uchar x,uchar data *data p);//不能用通用指针     void write_bit(bit x);//写位     /*子函数区*****************************************************/    void delay_2(uint x)    //延时,时间x*10us@12mhz,最小20us@12mhz     {    x--; x--;    while(x)    {      _nop_();      _nop_();      x--;    }    _nop_();//WDT_CONTR=0X3C;不能频繁的复位     _nop_();    }    /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////     void initial(void)    {    SCON = 0x50; //串口方式1,允许接收     //SCON  =0x50;     //01010000B:10位异步收发,波特率可变,SM2=0不用接收到有效停止位才RI=1,     //REN=1允许接收     TMOD = 0x21; //定时器1 定时方式2(8位),定时器0 定时方式1(16位)     TCON = 0x40; //设定时器1 允许开始计时(IT1=1)     TH1 = 0xfD;  //FB 18.432MHz 9600 波特率     TL1 = 0xfD;  //fd 11.0592 9600     IE = 0X90;     //EA=ES=1     TR1 = 1;     //启动定时器     WDT_CONTR = 0x3c;//使能看门狗     p_U2270B_Standby = 0;//单电源     PCON = 0x00;    IP = 0x10;//uart you xian XXXPS PT1 PX1 PT0 PX0     led_light1 = 1;    led_light = 0;    p_U2270B_OutPut = 1;    }    /************************************************/    void f_readcard()//读卡     {    EA = 0;//全关,防止影响跳变的定时器计时     WDT_CONTR = 0X3C;//喂狗     p_U2270B_CFE = 1;//      delay_2(232);  //>2.5ms            /*   //   aor    用唤醒功能来防碰撞   p_U2270B_CFE = 0; delay_2(18);//start gap>150us   write_bit(1);//10=操作码读0页   write_bit(0);       write_password(&bankdata[24]);//密码block7   p_U2270B_CFE =1 ;//    delay_2(516);//编程及确认时间5.6ms   */    WDT_CONTR = 0X3C;//喂狗     led_light = 0;    b.W = 0;    while(!(read_ok == 1))    {             //while(p_U2270B_OutPut);//等一个稳定的低电平?超时判断?              while(!p_U2270B_OutPut);//等待上升沿的到来同步信号检测1       TR0 = 1;      //deng xia jiang       while(p_U2270B_OutPut);//等待下降沿       TR0 = 0;   a.B.H = TH0;   a.B.L = TL0;   TH0 = TL0 = 0;   TR0 = 1;//定时器晚启动10个周期       //同步头       if((324 < a.W) && (a.W < 353)) ;//检测同步信号1                  else     {     TR0 = 0;     TH0 = TL0 = 0;     goto read_error;    }      //等待上升沿        while(!p_U2270B_OutPut);   TR0 = 0;   a.B.H = TH0;   a.B.L = TL0;   TH0 = TL0 = 0;   TR0 = 1;//b.N1<<=8;            if(a.B.L < 195);//0.5p       else     {     TR0 = 0;     TH0 = TL0 = 0;     goto read_error;    }      //读0~7块的数据       for(j = 0;j < 28;j++)      {       //uchar i;                  for(i = 0;i < 16;i++)//8个位        {        //等待下降沿的到来         while(p_U2270B_OutPut);                TR0 = 0;     a.B.H = TH0;     a.B.L = TL0;     TH0 = TL0 = 0;     TR0 = 1;              if(t2_max < a.W/*)&&(a.W < t2_max)*/)//1P          {         b.W >>= 2;//先左移再赋值          b.B.L += 0xc0;                             i++;        }        else if(t1_min < a.B.L/*)&&(a.B.L < t1_max)*/)//0.5p         {         b.W >>= 1;         b.B.L += 0x80;                           }        else      {      TR0 = 0;      TH0 = TL0 = 0;      goto read_error;     }        i++;        while(!p_U2270B_OutPut);//上升                   TR0 = 0;     a.B.H = TH0;     a.B.L = TL0;     TH0 = TL0 = 0;     TR0 = 1;                      if(t2_min < a.W/*)&&(a.W < t2_max)*/)//1P          {         b.W >>= 2;         i++;        }        else if(t1_min < a.B.L/*a.W)&&(a.B.L < t1_max)*/)//0.5P         //else if(!(a.W==0))         {         b.W >>= 1;         //temp+=0x00;          //led_light1=0;led_light=1;delay_2(40000);         }        else      {      TR0 = 0;      TH0 = TL0 = 0;      goto read_error;     }        i++;       }       //取出奇位        DATA = b.B.L;       BIT13 = BIT7;    BIT12 = BIT5;    BIT11 = BIT3;    BIT10 = BIT1;       DATA = b.B.H;       BIT17 = BIT7;    BIT16 = BIT5;    BIT15 = BIT3;    BIT14 = BIT1;       bankdata[j] = DATA1;      }              read_ok = 1;//读卡完成了     read_error:    _nop_();    }       }    /***************************************************/    void f_writecard(uchar x)//写卡     {    p_U2270B_CFE = 1;    delay_2(232);  //>2.5ms            //psw=0 standard write     if (x == write_command0)//写密码:初始化密码     {      uchar i;      uchar data *data p;      p = cominceptbuff;      p_U2270B_CFE = 0;   delay_2(31);//start gap>330us       write_bit(1);//写操作码1:10       write_bit(0);//写操作码0       write_bit(0);//写锁定位0       for(i = 0;i < 35;i++)      {       write_bit(1);//写数据位1       }      p_U2270B_CFE = 1;      led_light1 = 0;   led_light = 1;   delay_2(40000);//测试使用       //write_block(cominceptbuff[4],p);       p_U2270B_CFE = 1;      bankdata[20] = cominceptbuff[0];//密码存入       bankdata[21] = cominceptbuff[1];      bankdata[22] = cominceptbuff[2];      bankdata[23] = cominceptbuff[3];    }    else if (x == write_command1)//配置卡参数:初始化     {      uchar data *data p;      p = cominceptbuff;      write_bit(1);//写操作码1:10       write_bit(0);//写操作码0       write_bit(0);//写锁定位0               write_block(cominceptbuff[4],p);      p_U2270B_CFE=  1;    }    //psw=1  pssword mode     else if(x == write_command2)  //密码写数据    {      uchar data*data p;      p = &bankdata[24];      write_bit(1);//写操作码1:10       write_bit(0);//写操作码0       write_password(p);//发口令       write_bit(0);//写锁定位0       p = cominceptbuff;      write_block(cominceptbuff[4],p);//写数据            }    else if(x == write_command3)//aor    //唤醒 {      //cominceptbuff[1]操作码10 X xxxxxB       uchar data *data p;      p = cominceptbuff;      write_bit(1);//10       write_bit(0);             write_password(p);//密码       p_U2270B_CFE = 1;//此时数据不停的循环传出     }    else //停止操作码     {      write_bit(1);//11       write_bit(1);             p_U2270B_CFE = 1;         }    p_U2270B_CFE = 1;    delay_2(560);//5.6ms     }    /************************************/    void f_clearpassword()//清除密码     {    uchar data *data p;    uchar i,x;          p = &bankdata[24];//原密码     p_U2270B_CFE = 0; delay_2(18);//start gap>150us     //操作码10:10xxxxxxB     write_bit(1);    write_bit(0);              for(x = 0;x < 4;x++)//发原密码     {             DATA = *(p++);      for(i = 0;i < 8;i++)      {       write_bit(BIT0);       DATA >>= 1;      }    }    write_bit(0);//锁定位0:0     p = &cominceptbuff[0];    write_block(0x00,p);//写新配置参数:pwd=0             //密码无效:即清除密码     DATA = 0x00;//停止操作码00000000B     for(i = 0;i < 2;i++)    {    write_bit(BIT7);    DATA <<= 1;    }    p_U2270B_CFE = 1;       delay_2(560);//5.6ms     }    /*********************************/    void f_changepassword()//修改密码            {       uchar data *data p;    uchar i,x,addr;    addr = 0x07;//block7     p = &Nkey_a[0];//原密码     DATA = 0x80;//操作码10:10xxxxxxB     for(i = 0;i < 2;i++)    {      write_bit(BIT7);      DATA <<= 1;    }    for(x = 0;x < 4;x++)//发原密码     {             DATA = *(p++);      for(i = 0;i < 8;i++)      {       write_bit(BIT7);       DATA >>= 1;      }    }    write_bit(0);//锁定位0:0     p = &cominceptbuff[0];    write_block(0x07,p);//写新密码     p_U2270B_CFE = 1;    bankdata[24] = cominceptbuff[0];//密码存入     bankdata[25] = cominceptbuff[1];    bankdata[26] = cominceptbuff[2];    bankdata[27] = cominceptbuff[3];    DATA = 0x00;//停止操作码00000000B     for(i = 0;i < 2;i++)    {      write_bit(BIT7);      DATA <<= 1;    }    p_U2270B_CFE = 1;       delay_2(560);//5.6ms     }    /***************************子函数***********************************/    void write_bit(bit x)//写一位     {    if(x)    {      p_U2270B_CFE = 1;   delay_2(32);//448*11.0592/120=42延时448us       p_U2270B_CFE = 0;   delay_2(28);//280*11.0592/120=26写1     }    else    {      p_U2270B_CFE = 1;   delay_2(92);//192*11.0592/120=18       p_U2270B_CFE = 0;   delay_2(28);//280*11.0592/120=26写0     }    }    /*******************写一个block*******************/    void write_block(uchar addr,uchar data *data p)    {    uchar i,j;        for(i = 0;i < 4;i++)//block0数据     {             DATA = *(p++);      for(j = 0;j < 8;j++)      {       write_bit(BIT0);       DATA >>= 1;      }    }    DATA = addr <<= 5;//0地址     for(i = 0;i < 3;i++)    {      write_bit(BIT7);      DATA <<= 1;    }                   }    /*************************************************/    void write_password(uchar data *data p)    {    uchar i,j;        for(i = 0;i < 4;i++)//     {             DATA = *(p++);      for(j = 0;j < 8;j++)      {       write_bit(BIT0);       DATA >>= 1;      }    }        }   /*************************************************/   void main()    {    initial();    TI = RI = 0;    ES = 1;    EA = 1;  delay_2(28);   //f_readcard();     while(1) {   f_readcard();      //读卡   f_writecard(command1);  //写卡    f_clearpassword();   //清除密码     f_changepassword();    //修改密码 } }

    标签: 12345

    上传时间: 2017-10-20

    上传用户:my_lcs

  • 一个按键控制的 10 级变速跑马灯试验

    在本课中,我们要用一个按键来实现跑马灯的 10 级调速。这又会涉及到键的去抖的问 题。  本课的试验结果是,每按一次按键,跑马速度就降低一级,共 10 级。  这里我们又增加了一个变量 speedlever,来保存当前的速度档次。  在按键里的处理中,多了当前档次的延时值的设置。  请看程序:  ――――――――――――――――  #define uchar unsigned char //定义一下方便使用  #define uint unsigned int  #define ulong unsigned long  #include <reg52.h> //包括一个 52 标准内核的头文件    sbit P10 = P1^0; //头文件中没有定义的 IO 就要自己来定义了  sbit P11 = P1^1;  sbit P12 = P1^2;  sbit P13 = P1^3;  sbit K1= P3^2;    bit ldelay=0; //长定时溢出标记,预置是 0  uchar speed=10; //设置一个变量保存默认的跑马灯的移动速度  uchar speedlever=0; //保存当前的速度档次    char code dx516[3] _at_ 0x003b;//这是为了仿真设置的  //一个按键控制的 10 级变速跑马灯试验  void main(void) // 主程序  {   uchar code ledp[4]={0xfe,0xfd,0xfb,0xf7};//预定的写入 P1 的值   uchar ledi; //用来指示显示顺序   uint n;     RCAP2H =0x10; //赋 T2 的预置值 0x1000,溢出 30 次就是 1 秒钟   RCAP2L =0x00;   TR2=1; //启动定时器   ET2=1; //打开定时器 2 中断   EA=1; //打开总中断     while(1) //主程序循环   {   if(ldelay) //发现有时间溢出标记,进入处理   {   ldelay=0; //清除标记   P1=ledp[ledi]; //读出一个值送到 P1 口   ledi++; //指向下一个   if(ledi==4)   {   ledi=0; //到了最后一个灯就换到第一个   }   }   if(!K1) //如果读到 K1 为 0   {   for(n=0;n<1000;n++); //等待按键稳定   while(!K1); //等待按键松开   for(n=0;n<1000;n++); //等待按键稳定松开     speedlever++;   if(speedlever==10)speedlever=0;   speed=speedlever*3; //档次和延时之间的预算法则,也可以用查表方法,做出 不规则的法则   }   }  }  //定时器 2 中断  timer2() interrupt 5  {   static uchar t;   TF2=0;   t++;     if((t==speed)||(t>30)) //比较一个变化的数值,以实现变化的时间溢出,同时限制了最慢速 度为 1 秒   {   t=0;   ldelay=1;//每次长时间的溢出,就置一个标记,以便主程序处理   }  }  ――――――――――――――――――――――   请打开 lesson11 目录的工程,编译,运行,看结果:  按 K1,速度则降低一次,总共 10 个档次。 

    标签: 10 按键控制 变速 跑马灯

    上传时间: 2017-11-06

    上传用户:szcyclone

  • 模拟 PWM 输出控制灯的 10 个亮度级别

    LED 一般是恒流操作的,如何改变 LED 的亮度呢?答案就是 PWM 控制。在一定的 频率的方波中,调整高电平和低电平的占空比,即可实现。比如我们用低电平点亮一个 LED 灯,我们假设把一个频率周期分为 10 个时间等份,如果方波中的高低电平占空比是 9:1, 这是就是一个比较暗的亮度,如果方波中高低电平占空比是 10:0,这时,全部是高电平, 灯是灭的。如果占空比是 5:5,就是一个中间亮度,如果高低比是 1:9,是一个比较亮的 亮度,如果高低是 0:10,这时全部是低电平,就是最亮的。  实际上应用中,电视屏幕墙中的几十百万 LED 象素都是这样控制的,而且每一个象素 都有红绿蓝 3 个 LED,每个 LED 可以变化的亮度是几百到几万或者更多的级别,以实现真 彩色的显示。还有在您的手机中,背光灯的亮度如果是可以变化的,也应该是这种工作方式。 目前的城市彩灯也有很多都使用了 LED,需要控制亮度是也是 PWM 控制。  下面来分析我们的例程,在这个例程中,我们将定时器 2 溢出定为 1/1200 秒。每 10 次脉冲输出一个 120HZ 频率。这每 10 次脉冲再用来控制高低电平的 10 个比值。这样,在 每个 1/120 秒的方波周期中,我们都可以改变方波的输出占空比,从而控制 LED 灯的 10 个 级别的亮度。  为什么输出方波的频率要 120HZ 这么高?因为如果频率太低,人眼就会看到闪烁感 觉。一般起码要在 60HZ 以上才感觉好点,120HZ 就基本上看不到闪烁,只能看到亮度的变 化了。  下面请看程序,程序中有比较多的注释:  ―――――――――――――――――――――――  #define uchar unsigned char //定义一下方便使用  #define uint unsigned int  #define ulong unsigned long  #include <reg52.h> //包括一个 52 标准内核的头文件    sbit P10 = P1^0; //要控制的 LED 灯  sbit K1= P3^2; //按键 K1    uchar scale;//用于保存占空比的输出 0 的时间份额,总共 10 份    char code dx516[3] _at_ 0x003b;//这是为了仿真设置的  //模拟 PWM 输出控制灯的 10 个亮度级别  void main(void) // 主程序  {   uint n;     RCAP2H =0xF3; //赋 T2 的预置值,溢出 1 次是 1/1200 秒钟   RCAP2L =0x98;   TR2=1; //启动定时器   ET2=1; //打开定时器 2 中断   EA=1; //打开总中断   while(1) //程序循环   { ;//主程序在这里就不断自循环,实际应用中,这里是做主要工作   for(n=0;n<50000;n++); //每过一会儿就自动加一个档次的亮度   scale++;   if(scale==10)scale=0;   }  }  //1/1200 秒定时器 2 中断  timer2() interrupt 5  {   static uchar tt; //tt 用来保存当前时间在一秒中的比例位置   TF2=0;     tt++;   if(tt==10) //每 1/120 秒整开始输出低电平   {   tt=0;     if(scale!=0) //这里加这一句是为了消除灭灯状态产生的鬼影   P10=0;   }     if(scale==tt) //按照当前占空比切换输出高电平   P10=1;    }  ――――――――――――――――――  在主程序中,每延时一段时间,就自动换一个占空比,以使亮度自动变化,方便观察。  编译,运行,看结果。  可以看到,LED 的亮度以每种亮度 1 秒左右不断变化,共有 10 个级别。

    标签: PWM 10 模拟 控制灯 亮度 输出

    上传时间: 2017-11-06

    上传用户:szcyclone

  • 用于锂 - 硫电池的纳米结构金属氧化物和硫化物(1)

    Lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries with high energy density and long cycle life are considered to be one of the most promising next-generation energy-storage systems beyond routine lithium-ion batteries. Various approaches have been proposed to break down technical barriers in Li–S battery systems. The use of nanostructured metal oxides and sulfides for high sulfur utilization and long life span of Li–S batteries is reviewed here. The relationships between the intrinsic properties of metal oxide/sulfide hosts and electrochemical performances of Li–S batteries are discussed. Nanostructured metal oxides/ sulfides hosts used in solid sulfur cathodes, separators/interlayers, lithium- metal-anode protection, and lithium polysulfides batteries are discussed respectively. Prospects for the future developments of Li–S batteries with nanostructured metal oxides/sulfides are also discussed.

    标签: 电池 纳米结构 硫化物 金属氧化物

    上传时间: 2017-11-23

    上传用户:653357637

  • 单片机用精度除法函数

    精度除法函数。 调用函数,并输入被除数、除数和精确到小数点后多少位。即可得到商的整数部分和小数部分。 /*************************精度除法函数********************************/ //======================================================================== // 函数: Void chufa(unsigned long beichushu,unsigned long chushu, unsigned char wei) // 描述: 精度除法 // 参数: unsigned long beichushu,  被除数 // unsigned long chushu,   除数 // unsigned char wei   精确到小数点后多少位 // 返回: 无. // 版本: V1.0, 2017-8-3 //========================================================================

    标签: 单片机 函数 精度 除法

    上传时间: 2018-04-16

    上传用户:qibao9891

  • Fundamental Limits on a Class of Secure

    Abstract—In the future communication applications, users may obtain their messages that have different importance levels distributively from several available sources, such as distributed storage or even devices belonging to other users. This scenario is the best modeled by the multilevel diversity coding systems (MDCS). To achieve perfect (information-theoretic) secrecy against wiretap channels, this paper investigates the fundamental limits on the secure rate region of the asymmetric MDCS (AMDCS), which include the symmetric case as a special case. Threshold perfect secrecy is added to the AMDCS model. The eavesdropper may have access to any one but not more than one subset of the channels but know nothing about the sources, as long as the size of the subset is not above the security level. The question of whether superposition (source separation) coding is optimal for such an AMDCS with threshold perfect secrecy is answered. A class of secure AMDCS (S-AMDCS) with an arbitrary number of encoders is solved, and it is shown that linear codes are optimal for this class of instances. However, in contrast with the secure symmetric MDCS, superposition is shown to be not optimal for S-AMDCS in general. In addition, necessary conditions on the existence of a secrecy key are determined as a design guideline.

    标签: Fundamental Limits Secure Class on of

    上传时间: 2020-01-04

    上传用户:kddlas

  • Cognitive+Radio,+Software+Defined+Radio

    Today’s wireless services have come a long way since the roll out of the conventional voice-centric cellular systems. The demand for wireless access in voice and high rate data multi-media applications has been increasing. New generation wireless communication systems are aimed at accommodating this demand through better resource management and improved transmission technologies.

    标签: Radio Cognitive Software Defined

    上传时间: 2020-05-26

    上传用户:shancjb